Winform-连接串口读数据

 private void btnStart_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            // 设置串口参数
            serialPort1.PortName = "COM4"; // 请根据实际情况设置为您的串口号
            serialPort1.BaudRate = 4800; // 设置波特率
            serialPort1.Parity = Parity.None;
            serialPort1.StopBits = StopBits.One;
            serialPort1.DataBits = 8;
            serialPort1.Handshake = Handshake.None;

            // 若串口未打开则开启串口并启动接收数据任务
            if (!serialPort1.IsOpen)
            {
                serialPort1.Open();
                cancellationTokenSource = new CancellationTokenSource();
                StartReceivingDataAsync(cancellationTokenSource.Token);
                label1.Text = "已连接";
            }
        }

        private void btnStop_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            // 若串口已打开则关闭串口并取消接收数据任务
            if (serialPort1.IsOpen)
            {
                cancellationTokenSource.Cancel();
                serialPort1.Close();
                label1.Text = "连接断开";
            }
        }

        private async void StartReceivingDataAsync(CancellationToken token)
        {
            try
            {
                await Task.Run(() => ReceiveData(token), token);
            }
            catch (OperationCanceledException)
            {
                // 当任务取消时，可以在这里进行一些清理工作
            }
        }


private void ReceiveData(CancellationToken token)
        {
            while (!token.IsCancellationRequested)
            {
                if (serialPort1.BytesToRead > 0)
                {
                    try
                    {
                        // 读取串口接收到的字节数组
                        byte[] receivedBytes = new byte[serialPort1.BytesToRead];
                        serialPort1.Read(receivedBytes, 0, receivedBytes.Length);

                        // 将接收到的字节数组转换为字符串（这里假设是以ASCII编码发送的数字）
                        string data = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetString(receivedBytes);

                        // 在这里处理接收到的数据，调用Invoke方法在UI线程中更新界面
                        this.Invoke((MethodInvoker)delegate
                        {
                            textBoxReceivedData.AppendText(data.TrimEnd('\0') + Environment.NewLine);
                        });
                    }
                    catch (Exception ex)
                    {
                        // 发生错误时可以记录日志或显示消息
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    // 如果没有数据可读，可以让线程短暂休眠以减小CPU使用率
                    Thread.Sleep(100);
                }
            }
        }


        protected override void OnFormClosing(FormClosingEventArgs e)
        {
            // 若窗体正在关闭时，确保取消接收数据任务并关闭串口
            cancellationTokenSource?.Cancel();
            if (serialPort1.IsOpen)
            {
                serialPort1.Close();
            }

            base.OnFormClosing(e);
        }