蓝桥杯单片机学习记录（10）(sonic超声波模块)

超声波模块

在蓝桥杯单片机中，超声波模块的TX引脚接到单片机的P1^0端口，RX引脚接到单片机的P1^1端口，设计程序，进行超声波测距，最大测量范围约140cm，用cm作为显示单位，显示在数码管的最左边三位，如果测量距离超出范围，则以“F”作为标记，显示在数码管的最右边一位。

计算距离公式

距离 = 声速 * 发出超声波到接收返回的时间 / 2；

sonic.c

#include <sys.h>

void SendSonic()
{
	uchar i = 8;
	while(i--)
	{
		TX = 1;
		sonic_nop; sonic_nop; sonic_nop; sonic_nop; sonic_nop;
		sonic_nop; sonic_nop; sonic_nop; sonic_nop; sonic_nop;
		TX = 0;
		sonic_nop; sonic_nop; sonic_nop; sonic_nop; sonic_nop;
		sonic_nop; sonic_nop; sonic_nop; sonic_nop; sonic_nop;
	}
}

uint Rec_Distance()
{
	uint distance = 0,time = 0;
	SendSonic();
	TR1 = 1;//启动定时器0
	while((RX == 1) && (TF1 == 0));//等待超声波信号返回，或等到测量超出范围
	TR1 = 0;//停止计数
	
	if(TF1 == 0)//正常测量范围
	{
		time = TH1;
		time = (time << 8) | TL1;
		distance = (uint)time * 0.017 / 12;
	}
	else
	{
		TF1 = 0;
		distance = 999;
	}
	TH1 = 0;
	TL1 = 0;
	return distance;
}

nixie.c

#include <sys.h>

uchar Nixie[] = {0XC0, 0XF9, 0XA4, 0XB0, 0X99, 0X92, 0X82, 0XF8, 0X80, 0X90, 0XBF, 0XFF, 0x8e};
//0~9 - 熄灭


void DisplayBit(uchar pos,uchar value)
{
	Select_74HC138(7);
	P0 = 0XFF;
	Select_74HC138(6);
	P0 = _crol_(0X01,pos);
	Select_74HC138(7);
	P0 = Nixie[value];
	Delay(1);
	Select_74HC138(0);
}

void DisplayDistance()
{
	uint distance;
	if(flag_wave)
	{
		distance = Rec_Distance();
	}
	if(distance == 999)
	{
		DisplayBit(7,12);
	}
	else
	{
		DisplayBit(0,distance / 100);
		DisplayBit(1,distance / 10 % 10);
		DisplayBit(2,distance % 10);
//		Select_74HC138(7);
//		P0 = 0XFF;
	}
	
}

sys.c

#include <sys.h>

bit flag_wave = 0;
uchar t = 0;

void Select_74HC138(uchar channel)
{
	switch(channel)
	{
		case 0: P2 = P2 & 0X1F; break;
		case 4: P2 = (P2 & 0X1F) | 0X80; break;
		case 5: P2 = (P2 & 0X1F) | 0XA0; break;
		case 6: P2 = (P2 & 0X1F) | 0XC0; break;
		case 7: P2 = (P2 & 0X1F) | 0XE0; break;
	}
}

void Init_System()
{
	Select_74HC138(4);
	P0 = 0XFF;
	Select_74HC138(5);
	P0 = 0X00;
	Select_74HC138(7);
	P0 = 0XFF;
	Select_74HC138(0);
}

void Delay(uint ms)
{
	uint i;
	for(ms; ms > 0; ms--)
		for(i = 921; i > 0; i--);
}

void InitTimer0()//定时1ms
{
	AUXR |= 0X80;//定时器时钟1T模式
	TMOD &= 0XF0;//设置定时器模式
	TL0 = 0X20;
	TH0 = 0XD1;
	TF0 = 0;//清除TF0标志
	TR0 = 1;//定时器0开始计时
	ET0 = 1;
	EA = 1;
}

void ServiceTimer0() interrupt 1
{
	uchar t;
	t++;
	if(t == 100)
	{
		t = 0;
		flag_wave = !flag_wave;
	}
	DisplayDistance();
}

void InitTimer1()
{
	AUXR |= 0X40;
	TMOD &= 0X0F;
	TL1 = 0;
	TH1 = 0;
	
	TF1 = 0;
	TR1 = 0;
}

main.c

#include <sys.h>

uint distance;

void main()
{
	Init_System();
	InitTimer0();
	InitTimer1();
	while(1)
	{	
//		DisplayDistance();
	}
}

sys.h

#ifndef _SYS_H_
#define _SYS_H_

#include <STC15F2K60S2.H>
#include <INTRINS.H>

sbit TX = P1^0;
sbit RX = P1^1;

#define uchar unsigned char
#define uint unsigned int
#define sonic_nop {_nop_(); _nop_(); _nop_(); _nop_(); _nop_(); _nop_(); _nop_(); _nop_(); _nop_(); _nop_();};
	
extern bit flag_wave;

//sys.h
void Select_74HC138(unsigned char channel);
void Init_System();
void Delay(unsigned int ms);
void InitTimer0();
void InitTimer1();
//nixie.c
void DisplayBit(unsigned char pos,unsigned char value);
void DisplayDistance();

//sonic.c
void SendSonic();
unsigned int Rec_Distance();

#endif