android配置蓝牙

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-06 17:12:16 发布

m0_55875421

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-06 17:12:16 发布

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文章标签： android

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_55875421/article/details/131535030

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1、Androidmanifest.xml文件

加入需要添加的权限配置

<!--开启蓝牙需要的配置-->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
    <!-- 蓝牙权限 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />
    <!-- google在android6.0之后，为了更好的保护用户的数据安全，所有需要访问硬件唯一标识符的地方都需要申请位置权限 -->
<!--    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />-->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN" />

MainActivity.java

package com.example.study;

import androidx.annotation.RequiresApi;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.core.app.ActivityCompat;
import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat;

import android.Manifest;
import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ListAdapter;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.UUID;

/**
 * android 连接 蓝牙 （配置）
 */

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {


    private static final int REQUEST_ENABLE_BT = 1;
    // 拿到 BluetoothAdapter
    private BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter;
    private ArrayAdapter<String> deviceListAdapter;
    private ListView deviceListView;
    private BluetoothDevice selectedDevice;
    private BluetoothSocket bluetoothSocket;

    @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.M)
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        init();
        createBluetoothBond();
        registerBroadcast();
    }

    // 初始化
    private void init() {
        // 获取蓝牙配置器 BluetoothAdapter
        BluetoothManager bluetoothManger =
                (BluetoothManager) getSystemService(Context.BLUETOOTH_SERVICE);
        bluetoothAdapter = bluetoothManger.getAdapter();
    }

    // 蓝牙配对
    @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.M)
    @SuppressLint("MissingPermission")
    private void createBluetoothBond() {
        if (bluetoothAdapter == null) {
            Toast.makeText(this, "没有蓝牙功能", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            return;
        }
        if (!bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {
            // 没有开启蓝牙 开启蓝牙
            Intent enableBtIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
            startActivityForResult(enableBtIntent, REQUEST_ENABLE_BT);
        }
        //判断是否有访问位置的权限，没有权限，直接申请位置权限
        if ((checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED)
                || (checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED)) {
            requestPermissions(new String[]{Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION}, 200);
        }
        // 创建设备列表适配器
        deviceListAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<>(this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1);
        deviceListView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.device_list);
        deviceListView.setAdapter(deviceListAdapter);
        deviceListView.setOnItemClickListener((adapterView, view, i, l) -> {
            String deviceName = deviceListAdapter.getItem(i);
            selectedDevice = bluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(deviceName.split("\\n")[1]);
            connectToDevice(selectedDevice);
        });
        // 搜索设备按钮点击事件
        Button searchButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.search_button);
        searchButton.setOnClickListener(view -> {
            startDeviceDiscovery();
        });

    }

    @SuppressLint("MissingPermission")
    private void startDeviceDiscovery() {
        deviceListAdapter.clear();
        bluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();
//        Set<BluetoothDevice> bondedDevices = bluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();
//        for (BluetoothDevice bondedDevice : bondedDevices) {
//            System.out.println("bondedDevice" + bondedDevice.getName());
//
//        }
    }

    @SuppressLint("MissingPermission")
    private void connectToDevice(BluetoothDevice device) {
        UUID uuid = UUID.fromString("00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB"); // SPP UUID for serial communication
        try {
            // 进行配对
            if (!(device.getBondState() == BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED)) {
                device.createBond();
            }
            // 等待配对完成
            Thread.sleep(500);
            bluetoothSocket = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(uuid);
            bluetoothSocket.connect();
            System.out.println("111");

            // 成功连接
            // 连接成功后可以进行数据读写
//             readFromBluetooth();
            // writeToBluetooth("Hello, Bluetooth!");
        } catch (IOException | InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @SuppressLint("MissingPermission")
    private final BroadcastReceiver deviceReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            String action = intent.getAction();
            // 当有新设备被发现时
            if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {
                BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
                deviceListAdapter.add(device.getName() + "\n" + device.getAddress());
                deviceListAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
            }
            // 做配对使用
            else if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_PAIRING_REQUEST.equals(action)) {
                BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
                int pairingVariant = intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_PAIRING_VARIANT, BluetoothDevice.ERROR);
                // 如果需要 PIN 码，可以在这里自动输入
                if (pairingVariant == BluetoothDevice.PAIRING_VARIANT_PIN) {
                    device.setPin("1234".getBytes()); // 替换为您的 PIN 码
                }
                // 如果需要用户确认配对请求，可以在这里显示对话框来请求用户确认
            }
            else if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED.equals(action)) {
                BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
                int bondState = intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_BOND_STATE, BluetoothDevice.ERROR);
                int previousBondState = intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_PREVIOUS_BOND_STATE, BluetoothDevice.ERROR);
                // 配对状态改变的处理逻辑
                if (bondState == BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED && previousBondState == BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDING) {
                    // 配对成功
                } else if (bondState == BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE && previousBondState == BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) {
                    // 配对解除
                }

            }
        }
    };

    // 注册广播
    public void registerBroadcast() {
        // 注册广播接收器
        IntentFilter intent = new IntentFilter();
        intent.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);//搜索发现设备
        intent.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED);//状态改变
        intent.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_PAIRING_REQUEST);
        intent.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_SCAN_MODE_CHANGED);//行动扫描模式改变了
        intent.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_STATE_CHANGED);//动作状态发生了变化
        intent.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);
        registerReceiver(deviceReceiver, intent);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        // 取消注册广播接收器
        unregisterReceiver(deviceReceiver);
    }

    // todo 蓝牙动态申请权限
    private void initPermission() {
        HashSet<String> mPermissionList = new HashSet<>();
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.S) {
            // Android 版本大于等于 Android12 时
            // 只包括蓝牙这部分的权限，其余的需要什么权限自己添加
            mPermissionList.add(Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN);
            mPermissionList.add(Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE);
            mPermissionList.add(Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT);
            mPermissionList.add(Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN);
        } else {
            // Android 版本小于 Android12 及以下版本
            mPermissionList.add(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION);
            mPermissionList.add(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION);
        }

        if (mPermissionList.size() > 0) {
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, mPermissionList.toArray(new String[0]), 1001);
        }
    }

    /*
    this method is required for all devices running  API 23+ (Android 6.0 + )
    Android must programmatically check the permission for bluetooth
    only put permission in manifest is not enough
    Note: this will only execute on version > LOLLIPOP because it is not needed otherwise.
    */
    private void checkBTPermission() {
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT > Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP) {
            int permissionCheck = 0;
            if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
                permissionCheck = this.checkSelfPermission("Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION");
                permissionCheck += this.checkSelfPermission("Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION");
                if (permissionCheck != 0) {
                    this.requestPermissions(new String[]{
                            Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION,
                            Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION
                    }, 1001); //any number
                }
            }
        }
    }


    private boolean checkPermissions() {
        //本app需要以下权限
        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH}, 0);
            System.out.println("-------已经申请了蓝牙权限1------");
        } else {
            System.out.println("-------已经拥有了蓝牙权限权限1------");
        }
        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN}, 0);
            System.out.println("-------已经申请了蓝牙权限2------");
        } else {
            System.out.println("-------已经拥有了蓝牙权限权限2------");
        }
        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION}, 0);
            System.out.println("-------已经申请了定位权限1------");
        } else {
            System.out.println("-------已经拥有了定位权限1------");
        }
        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION}, 0);
            System.out.println("-------已经申请了定位权限2------");
        } else {
            System.out.println("-------已经拥有了定位权限2------");
        }
        return true;
    }


}