C Primer Plus （第6版）第八章 编程练习答案

1.

#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
    char ch;
    int i=0;

    while ((ch=getchar())!=EOF)
        i++;
    printf("%d\n",i);

    return 0;
}

2.（没太看懂题）

#include <stdio.h>
int main (void)
{
    char ch;
    int i;

    while ((ch = getchar()) != EOF)
    {
        if (ch<' ')
            switch(ch)
            {
                case '\n':
                    printf("\\n %d ",ch);
                    break;
                case '\t':
                    printf("\\t %d ",ch);
                    break;
                default:
                    printf("^%c %d ",ch+64,ch);
                    break;
            }
        else
            printf("%c  %d ",ch,ch);
        if (i++ == 9)
        {
            printf("\n");
            i = 0;
        }
    }

    return 0;
}

3.

#include <ctype.h>
int main(void)
{
    char ch;
    int n_lowercase,n_uppercase;
    n_lowercase=n_uppercase=0;

    while ((ch=getchar())!=EOF)
    {
        if (islower(ch)!=0) //islower 参数为小写字母，返回值为真
            n_lowercase++;
        else if (isupper(ch)!=0)  //isupper 参数为大写字母，返回值为真
            n_uppercase++;
        else
            continue;
    }
    printf("lowercase :%d  uppercase :%d  \n",n_lowercase,n_uppercase);

    return 0;
}

4.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <ctype.h>
int main(void)
{
    char ch;
    int flag,n,count;
    flag=n=count=0;  //ch在单词中，flag=0

    while ((ch=getchar())!=EOF)
    {
        if(!isspace(ch)&&!ispunct(ch)&&!flag) 
        {
            n++;
            flag=1; //开始一个新的单词
        }
        if(isspace(ch)||ispunct(ch)&&flag) //标点符号或空白符号
        {
            flag=0; //单词的尾部
        }
        if (isalpha(ch))
            count++;
    }

    printf(" average %lf \n",(double)count/(double)n);

    return 0;
}

5.

#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
    int uppe_limit,lower_limit,guess;
    char response;
    guess=50;uppe_limit=101;lower_limit=0;

    printf("Pick an integer from 1 to 100. I will try to guess ");
    printf("it.\nRespond with a y if my guess is right.\n");
    printf("Respond with l if my guess is too large,\n"
           "Respond with s if my guess is too small\n");
    printf("Uh...is your number %d?\n",guess);
    while ((response=getchar()) !='y')
    {
        if (response=='l')
        {
            uppe_limit=guess;
            guess=(uppe_limit+lower_limit)/2;
        }
        if (response=='s')
        {
            lower_limit=guess;
            guess=(uppe_limit+lower_limit)/2;
        }
        while ((getchar())!='\n')
            continue;
        printf("Is the number %d correct or is it too large or too small? \n"
                ,guess);
    }
    printf("I knew I could do it!\n");

    return 0;
}

6.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <ctype.h>
int main(void)
{
    char ch;

    ch=getchar();
    while (isspace(ch))
        ch=getchar();
    while (getchar()!='\n')
        continue;
    putchar(ch);

    return 0;

}


/前面行得通，不知道为什么作为调用函数运行不了？求大佬解释
#include <stdio.h>
#include <ctype.h>
char get_first (void);
int main(void)
{
    char a;

    a=get_first();

    printf("%c\n",a);

    return 0;

}
char get_fisrt (void)
{
    int ch;

    ch=getchar();
    while (isspace(ch))
        ch=getchar();
    while (getchar()!='\n')
        continue;

    return ch;
}

7.

#include <stdio.h>
#define TAXRATE1 0.15 //税率15%
#define TAXRATE2 0.2
#define TAXRATE3 0.25
#define WAGE1 8.75 //工资等级
#define WAGE2 9.33
#define WAGE3 10.00
#define WAGE4 11.20
void wage_menu (void); //菜单
void star (void); //*****
int main(void)
{
    int flag;
    char ch;
    double hours,salary,taxes,net_income,per_hour;
    // 工作时间、工资总额、税金、净收入、工资等级
    salary=taxes=net_income=0;
    flag=1;

    star();
    wage_menu();
    star();
    ch=getchar();
    while(flag)
    {
        switch (ch)
        {
            case '1':
                per_hour = WAGE1;
                printf("How many hours do you work a week?\n");
                scanf("%lf", &hours);
                flag=0;
                break;
            case '2':
                per_hour = WAGE2;
                printf("How many hours do you work a week?\n");
                scanf("%lf", &hours);
                flag=0;
                break;
            case '3':
                per_hour = WAGE3;
                printf("How many hours do you work a week?\n");
                scanf("%lf", &hours);
                flag=0;
                break;
            case '4':
                per_hour = WAGE4;
                printf("How many hours do you work a week?\n");
                scanf("%lf", &hours);
                flag=0;
                break;
            case 'q':
                return 0;
            default:
                while ((ch=getchar())!='\n')
                    ;
                printf("please enter number from 1 to 4 (q to quit): \n");
                ch=getchar();
        }
    }

    if (hours<=40)
        salary=hours*per_hour;
    else
        salary=40*per_hour+(hours-40)*per_hour*1.5;
    if (salary<=300)
    {
        taxes=salary*TAXRATE1;
        net_income=salary-taxes;
    }
    else if (salary<=450)
    {
        taxes=300*TAXRATE1+(salary-300)*TAXRATE2;
        net_income=salary-taxes;
    }
    else
    {
        taxes=300*TAXRATE1+150*TAXRATE2+(salary-450)*TAXRATE3;
        net_income=salary-taxes;
    }
    printf("salary: %lf taxes: %lf net income:%lf \n"
            ,salary,taxes,net_income);

    return 0;
}

void wage_menu(void)
{
    printf("Enter the number corresponding to the desired pay rate or action:\n");
    printf("1) $8.75/hr        2) $9.33/hr\n");
    printf("3) $10.00/hr       4) $11.20/hr\n");
    printf("5) quit\n");
}
void star (void )
{
    int i;
    for (i=0;i<65;i++)
        printf("*");
    printf("\n");

}

8.

#include <stdio.h>
char  get_choice (void );
char  get_fisrt (void);
float get_float1(void);
float get_float2(void);
float Additon (void);
float Subtraction(void);
float Multiplication(void);
float Division(void);
int main(void)
{
    int choice;

    while ((choice=get_choice()) != 'q')
    {
        switch (choice)
        {
            case 'a':
                Additon();
                break;
            case 's':
                Subtraction();
                break;
            case 'm':
                Multiplication();
                break;
            case 'd':
                Division();
                break;
            case 'q':
                printf("Bye.\n");
                return 0;
            default:
                printf("Please enter a,s,m,d or q.\n");
                break;
        }
    }

    return 0;
}
char get_choice (void)
{
    int ch;

    printf("Enter the operation of your choice:\n");
    printf("a. add        s. subtract\n");
    printf("m. multiply   d. divide\n");
    printf("q. quit\n");

    ch=get_fisrt();

    return ch;
}
char  get_fisrt (void)
{
    int ch;

    ch=getchar();
    while (getchar() !='\n')
        continue;

    return ch;
}
float get_float1(void)
{
    float input;
    char ch;

    printf("Enter first number: ");
    while (scanf("%f",&input) != 1 )
    {
        while((ch = getchar()) != '\n')
            putchar(ch);
        printf(" is not a number.\n");
        printf("Please enter a number, such as 2.5, -1.78E8, or 3: ");
    }

    return input;
}
float get_float2(void)
{
    float input;
    char ch;

    printf("Enter second  number: ");
    while (scanf("%f",&input) != 1)
    {
        while((ch = getchar()) != '\n')
            putchar(ch);
        printf(" is not a number.\n");
        printf("Please enter a number, such as 2.5, -1.78E8, or 3: ");
    }

    return input;
}
float Additon (void)
{
    float a,b,c;

    a = get_float1();
    b = get_float2();
    c=a+b;
    printf("%.1f + %.1f = %.1f\n",a,b,c);

    return c;
}
float Subtraction(void)
{
    {
        float a,b,c;

        a = get_float1();
        b = get_float2();
        c = a-b;
        printf("%.1f - %.1f = %.1f\n",a,b,c);

        return c;
    }
}

float Multiplication(void)
{
    float a,b,c;

    a = get_float1();
    b = get_float2();
    c = a*b;
    printf("%.1f * %.1f = %.1f\n",a,b,c);

    return c;
}

float Division(void)
{
    float a,b,c;

    a = get_float1();
    b = get_float2();
    if (b== 0)
    {
        printf("Enter a number other than 0: \n");
        b = get_float2();
    }
    c = a/b;
    printf("%.1f / %.1f = %.1f\n",a,b,c);

    return c;
}

为什么 Enter second number 前面会出现空格？？ 请大佬解释解释