C++ primer plus 第六版 第八章 编程练习答案

第八章 编程练习答案

–
一开始没看懂题目意思，百度参考了一下别人的结果。

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;
int count = 0;
void Printf(const char * str, int n = 0);//默认参数 

int main()
{
	const char* str = "hello!";
	Printf(str);
	Printf(str, 1);
	Printf(str, 0);
	Printf(str, -1);		
	return 0;
}


void Printf(const char * str, int n)
{
	count++;	    
	if(n == 0)
	    cout << str << endl;
	else{
	    for(int i = 0; i < count ; i++)
	        cout << str << endl;	
	}    
	cout << "-----------------" << endl;	
}

–
没有做到多用const，下次再说吧。

#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;

const char size = 20; 
struct CandyBar{
	char brand[size];
	double weight;
	int calories;	
}; 

void fill(CandyBar & fc, char * fb = "Millennium Munch", double weight = 2.85, int calories = 350);
//注意结构的引用
void show(CandyBar const & fc);

int main()
{
	CandyBar a, b;
	cout << "The brand #1: \n";	
	fill(a);//这里用了默认参数 
	show(a);
	cout << endl;		
	
	char brand[size];
	double weight;
	int calories;
	cout << "Please enter the brand: ";
	cin.getline(brand, size);
	cout << "Please enter the weight: ";
	cin >> weight;
	cout << "Please enter the calories: ";	
	cin >> calories;
	cout << endl;
	
	cout << "The brand #2: \n";	
	fill(b, brand, weight, calories);	
	show(b);
	
	return 0;
}

void fill(CandyBar & fc, char * fb, double weight, int calories)
{
	strcpy(fc.brand, fb);
//字符串的复制用了cstring中的strcpy，不能直接用赋值=，不能将指针赋值给常量 
	fc.weight = weight;
	fc.calories = calories;
}


void show(CandyBar const & fc)
{
	cout << "Brand: " << fc.brand << endl;
	cout << "Weight: " << fc.weight << endl;	
	cout << "Calories: " << fc.calories << endl;		
}

–

#include <iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<cctype>

using namespace std;

void change(string &f);

int main()
{
	string input;

	cout << "Enter a string (q to quit): ";
	getline(cin, input);
	while ( input[0] != 'q' || input.size() > 1)//string.size()获取string的长度 
//控制输入条件，只有输入q时退出，首字母为q后面有其他内容不退出 
	{
		change(input);
	    cout << input << endl;
		cout << "Enter a string (q to quit): ";	
		getline(cin, input);
	}	

	cout << "bye" <<endl;	
	return 0;	
} 


void change(string &f)
{

	for(int i = 0; i < f.size(); i++)
	{ 
		f[i] = toupper(f[i]);//转换大写
    }
}

–

#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>

using namespace std;

struct stringy{
	char * str;
	int ct;
};

void set(stringy & s, char * ch);
//引用参数，注意这里结构成员是一个指向char的指针 
void show(stringy & s, int n = 1);
void show(char * fc, int n = 1);
//默认参数 
int main()
{
	stringy beany;
	char testing[] = "Reality isn't what it used to be.";	
	set(beany, testing);	
    show(beany);
	show(beany, 2);
	testing[0] = 'D';
	testing[1] = 'u';
 	show(testing);
 	show(testing, 3);
 	show("Done!");
	return 0;
}

void set(stringy & s, char * ch)
{	
	s.ct = strlen(ch);//获取字符长度 
	s.str = ch;
}

void show(stringy & s, int n)
{
	for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
		cout << s.str << endl;		
	cout << endl;	
}

void show(char * fc, int n)
{
	int count = 0, j = 0;
	count = strlen(fc);//获取字符长度 
	while(j < n)//控制显示次数 
	{
	    for(int i = 0; i < count; i++)
        	cout << fc[i];//char类型逐个显示 
        cout << endl;
		j++;		
	}
	cout << endl;		
}

–

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

template <typename T>
T max5(T str[5]);//模板函数 

int main()
{
 	int s1[5];
	cout << "Please enter five int numbers: " << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
		cin >> s1[i];
	cout << "The max is: " << max5(s1) << endl;

	double s2[5];
	cout << "Please enter five double numbers: " << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
		cin >> s2[i];		
	cout << "The max is: " << max5(s2) << endl;	
	
	return 0;	
} 

template <typename T>
T max5(T str[5])
{
	T temp = str[0];
	for(int i = 0; i < 5; i++ )
	{
		if(str[i] > temp)
		    temp = str[i];
	}
	return temp;
}

–
//20190613
数组元素数目声明这里可能存在问题，我确定之后会修正它，期末没空改见谅QAQ

#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>

using namespace std;

template <typename T>
T maxn(T str[], int n);//模板函数 

template <> char *maxn(char *p[], int n);
//返回最长的字符串的地址 



int main()
{
 	int n;
	cout << "Please enter lentrh of array: " << endl;
	cin >>	n;
	int s1[n];
	cout << "Please enter numbers: " << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
		cin >> s1[i];
	cout << "The max is: " << maxn(s1,n) << endl;
	
	cout << "Please enter lentrh of array: " << endl;
	cin >>	n;
	double s2[n];
	cout << "Please enter numbers: " << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
		cin >> s2[i];		
	cout << "The max is: " << maxn(s2,n) << endl;
 	
	char *s3[5] = {"Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday" };
	cout << endl << "Monday , Tuesday , Wednesday , Thursday , Friday" << endl;
	cout << "The address  of max is: " << maxn(s3, 5) << endl;	
	
	return 0;	
} 

template <typename T>
T maxn(T str[], int n)
{
	T temp = str[0];
	for(int i = 0; i < n; i++ )
	{
		if(str[i] > temp)
		    temp = str[i];
	}
	return temp;
}

template <> char *maxn(char *p[], int n)//具体化模板 
{
	int max = 0;
	char * temp = p[0];
	for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
	{
		if((int)strlen(p[i])> max)//注意比较地址长度 
		{
			max = strlen(p[i]);
			temp = p[i];				
		}
	}
	return temp;
}

–

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;
//修改函数返回类型和函数结构
//增加显示数组的和 
template <typename T>
int ShowArray(T arr[], int n);

template <typename T>
double ShowArray(T * arr[], int n);

struct debts
{
	char name[50];
	double amount;
};

int main()
{
	int things[6] = {13, 31, 103, 301, 310, 130};
	struct debts mr_E[3]=
	{
	    {"Ima Wolfe", 2400.0},
		{"Ura Foxe", 1300.0},
		{"Iby Stout", 1800.0}
	};
	double * pd[3];
	
	for (int i =0; i < 3; i++)
	    pd[i] = &mr_E[i].amount;
	
	cout << "Listing Mr.E's counts of things:\n";
	int thingsum;
	thingsum = ShowArray(things, 6);
	cout << "The sum of things:" << thingsum << endl << endl;
	
	cout << "Listing Mr.E's debts:\n";
	double debtsum;
	debtsum = ShowArray(pd, 3);
	cout << "The sum of debts:" << debtsum << endl << endl;	

	return 0;
}

template <typename T>
int ShowArray(T arr[], int n)
{
	int sum = 0;
	cout << "template A\n";
	for (int i =0; i < n; i++)    
	    {
	    cout << arr[i] << ' ';
		sum += arr[i];	
		}
	cout << endl;
	return sum;
}

template <typename T>
double ShowArray(T * arr[], int n)
{
	double sum = 0.0;
	cout << "template B\n";
	for (int i =0; i < n; i++)
	{
	    cout << *arr[i] << ' ';
		sum += *arr[i];	
	}
	cout << endl;
	return sum;		
}