我的python旅程——字典work

我的python旅程——字典work

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学生成绩排序

假设字典 dic_score 存放了学生的成绩，dic_score = {“LiGang”: 93, “ChenJing”: 78, “ZhangJinzhu”: 88, “ZhaoQishan”: 91, “LiXin”: 65, “HuangNing”: 83}。试编写程序，按成绩从高到低的顺序输出学生的姓名。

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提示：以下是本篇文章正文内容，下面案例可供参考

一、解法一

dic_score = {"LiGang": 93, "ChenJing": 78, "ZhangJinzhu": 88, "ZhaoQishan": 91, "LiXin": 65, "HuangNing": 83}
dict=sorted(dic_score,key=dic_score.__getitem__,reverse=True)
print(dict)

解析字典相关知识

二、解法二

1.解答

dic_score = {"LiGang": 93, "ChenJing": 78, "ZhangJinzhu": 88, "ZhaoQishan": 91, "LiXin": 65, "HuangNing": 83}
dic1 = dict(sorted(dic_score.items(), key=lambda dic: dic[1],reverse=True))
for key in dic1.keys():
    print(key)

LiGang
ZhaoQishan
ZhangJinzhu
HuangNing
ChenJing
LiXin

2.知识答疑

1)善用sorted函数：

sorted(iterable, key=None, reverse=False默认升序)

用法：对所有可迭代的对象进行排序操作，默认升序。
返回列表。

key – 主要是用来进行比较的元素，指定可迭代对象中的一个元素来进行排序。
reverse – 排序规则：True 降序 ， False 升序（默认）。
dic–‘0’——键，‘1’——值

2)例题

1. 按键排序:输出键值对、键、值

dic= {1: 'E', 3: 'C',  2: 'B',4: 'D', 5: 'A'}

····1.1 输出键（列表形式）

a = sorted(dic.keys()) 
print(a)

[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

····1.2 输出值

b = []
for key in sorted(dic):
   b.append(dic[key])
print(b)

[‘E’, ‘D’, ‘C’, ‘B’, ‘A’]

b1 = sorted(dic.items(), key = lambda dic:dic[0])
b2 = []
for i in b1:
    b2.append(i[1])
print(b2)

[‘E’, ‘D’, ‘C’, ‘B’, ‘A’]

····1.3 按键排序:输出键值对,元组列表 形式

c = sorted(dic.items())
print(c)

[(1, ‘E’), (2, ‘D’), (3, ‘C’), (4, ‘B’), (5, ‘A’)]

····1.4 按键排序:输出键值对,字典 形式

d = {}
for key in sorted(dic):
    d[key]=dic[key]
print(d)

{1: ‘E’, 2: ‘D’, 3: ‘C’, 4: ‘B’, 5: ‘A’}

2 按值排序:输出键值对、键、值

dic = {1: 'E', 3: 'C',  2: 'D',4: 'B', 5: 'A'}

····2.1 输出键，#元组列表形式

e = sorted(dic.items(), key = lambda dic:dic[1])
e1 = []
for i in e:
    e1.append(i[0])
print(e1)

[5, 4, 3, 2, 1]

····2.2 输出值

f = sorted(dic.values())
print(f)

[‘A’, ‘B’, ‘C’, ‘D’, ‘E’]

····2.3 输出键值对（元组列表 形式）

g = sorted(dic.items(), key = lambda dic:dic[1])
print(g)

[(5, ‘A’), (4, ‘B’), (3, ‘C’), (2, ‘D’), (1, ‘E’)]

····2.4 输出键值对（字典 形式）

h = sorted(dic.items(), key = lambda dic:dic[1])
h1 = {}
for i in h:
    h1[i[0]] = i[1]
print(h1)

{5: ‘A’, 4: ‘B’, 3: ‘C’, 2: ‘D’, 1: ‘E’}

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三、解法三

dic_score = {"LiGang": 93, "ChenJing": 78, "ZhangJinzhu": 88, "ZhaoQishan": 91, "LiXin": 65, "HuangNing": 83}
a = sorted(dic_score.items(),key=lambda x: x[1],reverse=True)
a = dict(a)
print(a.keys())

四、解法四

dic_score = {"LiGang": 93, "ChenJing": 78, "ZhangJinZhu": 88,
             "ZhaoQishan": 91, "LiXin": 65, "HuangNing": 83}
s_name = dic_score.keys()
s_score = dic_score.values()
dic = zip(s_score, s_name)
for x in sorted(dic, reverse=True):
    print(x[1])

五、解法五

dic_score = {"LiGang": 93, "ChenJing": 78, "ZhangJinzhu": 88, "ZhaoQishan": 91, "LiXin": 65, "HuangNing": 83}
lst_n = list(dic_score.keys())
lst_s = list(dic_score.values())
dic = zip(lst_s, lst_n)
for item in sorted(dic, reverse=True):
    print(item[1])

总结

以上就是最近的学习第一部分的内容