【不算从0开始的ggplot学习】重复图片1

来自公众号【小明的数据分析笔记本】

原图大佬们用的管道符这边没有用上，因为是一步一步每个代码都去看了一下意思。

df_trade <- readr::read_csv("trade.csv")
library(tidyverse)
library(ggthemes)
library(cowplot)
library(ggplot2)

test<-df_trade
test<-mutate(test,trade_deficit=trade_deficit/10^9,manufacture_employment=manufacture_employment/10^5)
test<-gather(test,cat,value,-year) #改变数据框格式

p<-ggplot(test,aes(year,value,fill=cat))
p<-p+geom_col(width = 0.8)+#柱状图
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, color = "red1", size = 0.7)+ #添加横线，yintercept为y轴截距
  scale_x_continuous(breaks = 1995:2016,
                     labels=c("1995","","","","","","","","","","2005","","","","","","","","","","","2016"))+ #改变横坐标显示的值和断点的标签
  scale_y_continuous(limits = c(-380,210),
                     breaks=seq(-300,200,by=100))+#改变y轴刻度显示范围和刻度标记
  scale_fill_manual(values = c("dodgerblue3", "firebrick4"),
                    labels=c("Manufacturing employment (100K)", "Trade deficit with China in goods ($B)"),
                    name="") #修改颜色，legend的名字和图标名字
p<-p + guides(fill = guide_legend(nrow = 2, byrow = TRUE))+ #从效果上看让两行分得更开
  labs(x=NULL,y=NULL,title="",subtitle = "\n",caption = "\nVisualization by Cédric Scherer  |  Sources: US Census Bureau; BLS")+
  theme_economist()+
  theme(text = element_text(family = "serif"),       #修改字体
        axis.text = element_text(size = 12),         #坐标轴字体大小
        axis.text.y = element_text(hjust = 1),       #y轴对齐方式
        axis.ticks.length = unit(5, "pt"),           #x轴刻度的长度
        legend.text = element_text(size = 14),       #图例字体大小
        legend.position = "top",                     #图例位置
        legend.justification = c(0, 1),              #图例左对齐
        plot.caption = element_text(color = "grey40"),#图注颜色
        plot.background = element_rect(fill = "#dcf0f7"),#图表背景颜色
        panel.grid.major.y = element_line(color = "grey70", size = 0.4),#y轴网格线颜色
        panel.background = element_rect(fill = "#dcf0f7"))#绘图区背景颜色

p_trade <- ggdraw(p) + 
  draw_text("Free markets and free workers", 
            x = 0.01, y = 0.98, 
            hjust = 0, vjust = 1, 
            size = 20, family = "serif") +
  draw_text("United States",
            x = 0.01, y = 0.91, 
            hjust = 0, 
            vjust = 1, 
            size = 14, 
            family = "serif")       
save_plot(filename ="p1_trade.pdf",plot=p_trade)

最后的结果～