一、SpringCloud搭建
springcloud架构图:
先建立一个maven父项目然后删除src因为父项目不需要代码
然后导入依赖
代码:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.smy</groupId>
<artifactId>cloud_02</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<modules>
<module>provider</module>
<module>consumer </module>
</modules>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
<spring-boot.version>2.4.1</spring-boot.version>
<spring-cloud.version>2020.0.0</spring-cloud.version>
<spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2021.1</spring-cloud-alibaba.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 远程通信-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
</project>
搭建子项目
1.新建生产者provider
新建一个yml文件
application.yml
spring:
application:
name: nacos-provider
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
server:
port: 8081
修改pom.xml
子项目继承父项目
<parent>
<artifactId>cloud_02</artifactId>
<groupId>org.smy</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
启动类添加注解
@EnableDiscoveryClient
2.新建消费者consumer
添加application.yml文件
spring:
application:
name: nacos-consumer
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
server:
port: 8082
修改pom.xml
子项目继承父项目
<parent>
<artifactId>cloud_02</artifactId>
<groupId>org.smy</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
然后也在启动类添加一样的注解
调用方法
①、provider生产者编写生产鸡腿方法·
新建controller软件包,新建ProviderController
package com.provider.code.controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class ProviedrController {
@RequestMapping("/run")
public String run(){
return "鸡腿";
}
}
、消费者编写获得鸡腿方法 (跨服务器访问)
(1)pom.xml中增加依赖(负载均衡)
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-loadbalancer</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
启动类添加注解
启动类增加域名访问对象
@LoadBalanced:达到负载均衡的能力
package com.example.code;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class ConsumerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApplication.class, args);
}
@Bean
@LoadBalanced
public RestTemplate restTemplate(){
return new RestTemplate();
}
}
新建controller软件包,新建ConsumerController
package com.example.code.controller;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@RestController
public class ConsumerController {
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@RequestMapping("/run")
public String run(){
return restTemplate.getForObject("http://nacos-provider/run",String.class);
}
}
二、(消费者生产者)远程调用接口定义
现在的生产者(provider)是没有接收参数的,返回String类型的
所以现在我们要是生产者接收参数
1、生产者(provider)
①、实体类
首先,写一个用户实体类
建立pojo软件包,新建User实体类
package com.provider.code.pojo;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.experimental.Accessors;
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Data
@Accessors(chain = true)
public class User {
private String account;
private String password;
}
②、提供接口让别人来操纵用户实体类
使用UserController来构建一些有参数的东西
package com.provider.code.controller;
import com.provider.code.pojo.User;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import java.util.Map;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
//远程:
//@PathVariable
//@RequestParam
//@RequestBody
@RequestMapping("/{account}")
public String getByPath(@PathVariable String account){
System.out.println("account"+account);
return "provider say : yes";
}
@RequestMapping("/param")
public String getByParam (@RequestParam("account") String account,@RequestParam("password") String password){
System.out.println("account"+account+"password"+password);
return "provider say : yes";
}
@RequestMapping("/pojo")
public String getByPojo(@RequestBody User user){
System.out.println("pojo "+user);
return "provider say : yes";
}
@RequestMapping("/more")
public String getBymore(@RequestBody Map<String,Object> map ){
System.out.println("more"+map);
return "provider say : yes";
}
}
2、消费者(Consumer)
①、新建pojo软件包,新建user(与生产者user一模一样)
package com.example.code.pojo;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.experimental.Accessors;
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Data
@Accessors(chain = true)
public class User {
private String account;
private String password;
}
②、新建service软件包,新建FeignUserService接口
使消费者直接调用生产者里面的接口
在消费者里面直接把生产者的接口定义出来
@FeignClient:远程通信
package com.example.code.service;
import com.example.code.pojo.User;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import java.util.Map;
@FeignClient("nacos-provider")
public interface FeignUserService {
// 这个service和生产者的接口保持一致
@RequestMapping("/user/{account}")
String getByPath(@PathVariable(value = "account") String account);
@RequestMapping("/user/param")
String getByParam (@RequestParam("account") String account,@RequestParam("password") String password);
@RequestMapping("/user/pojo")
String getByPojo(@RequestBody User user);
@RequestMapping("/user/more")
String getBymore(@RequestBody Map<String,Object> map );
}
启动类添加注解
@EnableFeignClients
package com.example.code;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class ConsumerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApplication.class, args);
}
@Bean
@LoadBalanced
public RestTemplate restTemplate(){
return new RestTemplate();
}
}
只要参数是复杂对象,即使指定了是 GET 方法, feign 依然会以 POST 方法进行发送请求,同时生产者必须支持POST 请求并给参数添加 @RequestBody 注解
④、controller包下新建UserController
消费者调用UserService接口
FeignClient接口,不能使用@GettingMapping之类的组合注解
FeignClient接口中,如果使用到@PathVariable必须指定其value
当使用feign传参数的时候,需要加上@RequestParam注解,否则对方服务无法识别参数
并使用 Feign 表示其需要远程对接的服务名称 , 并使用 @RequestMapping 表示其映射的
路径
package com.example.code.controller;
import com.example.code.pojo.User;
import com.example.code.service.FeignUserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.util.Map;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private FeignUserService service;
@RequestMapping("/test01")
public String test01(String account){
service.getByPath(account);
return "yes";
}
@RequestMapping("/{account}")
public String test02(@PathVariable String account){
service.getByPath(account);
return "yes";
}
@RequestMapping("/test03")
public String test03(String account,String password){
service.getByParam(account,password);
return "yes";
}
@RequestMapping("/test04")
public String test04(String account,String password){
service.getByPojo(new User().setAccount(account).setPassword(password));
return "yes";
}
@RequestMapping("/test05")
public String test05(Map<String,Object> map){
service.getBymore(map);
return "yes";
}
}
三、DTO层的构建
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/f696c5bd0a7a4e91bca3ece75ce1dd2e.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ,shadow_50,text_Q1NETiBA6aG-5YyX77yB,size_20,color_FFFFFF,t_70,g_se,x_16)
新建一个模块
![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/de35bd3b670a4d569372b51a93912d83.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ,shadow_50,text_Q1NETiBA6aG-5YyX77yB,size_20,color_FFFFFF,t_70,g_se,x_16)
新建dto包
UserDto
package com.cloud02.code.dto;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.experimental.Accessors;
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Data
@Accessors(chain = true)
public class UserDto {
private String account;
private String password;
}
修改pom.xml
不需要继承父项目
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.cloud02</groupId>
<artifactId>code</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>commons</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<!-- 不要继承父项目-->
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<spring-boot.version>2.4.1</spring-boot.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
引用Commons
因为provider和consumer都要引用Commons
①、将Commons导成jar
在父项目pom.xml
导入
<dependency>
<groupId>com.cloud02</groupId>
<artifactId>code</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
父项目单方面认亲
<module>commons</module>
将消费者中的pojo包中的实体类删除
导入userdto
假如属性多的话,数据就会很长 所有我们学习Orika框架
5、Orika(Orika对象复制教程(完美笔记) - 付宗乐 - 博客园)
Orika 是 java Bean 映射框架,可以实现从一个对象递归拷贝数据至另一个对象。
在开发多层应用程序中非常有用。在这些层之间交换数据时,通常为了适应不同 API 需要转换一个实例至
另一个实例。
①、生产者(provider)导入依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>ma.glasnost.orika</groupId>
<artifactId>orika-core</artifactId>
<version>1.4.6</version>
</dependency>
②、生产者(provider)的启动类增加方法
@Bean
public MapperFactory mapperFactory(){
return new DefaultMapperFactory.Builder().build();
}
③、生产者(provider)的UserController类进行注入
将UserDto填到User中去,将dto转成user对象
@Autowired
private MapperFactory factory;
@RequestMapping("/pojo")
public String getByPojo(@RequestBody UserDto dto){
// dto中的属性可能比实体类多
// 需要拿到的实体类,根据实体类中的属性去数据库查询数据
// User u=new User();
// u.setAccount(dto.getAccount()).setPassword(dto.getPassword());
// 在学习Struts2的时候 beanutils(将我的数据与实体类数据匹配,然后将符合的数据放到数据库)
User u=factory.getMapperFacade().map(dto, User.class);
System.out.println("pojo "+dto);
return "provider say : yes";
}
属性不同:
factory.classMap(UserDto.class, User.class)
.field("name", "userName")
.byDefault().register();
User user = factory.getMapperFacade().map(dto, User.class);
怕影响到的类的MapperFacade,因此:
单链模式改成原型链模式:
修改启动类: