生活中你的家有客厅(Public),有你的卧室(Private)
客厅所有来的客人都可以进去,但是你的卧室是私有的,也就是说只有你能进去
但是呢,你也可以允许你的好闺蜜进去。
在程序里,有些私有属性 也想让类外特殊的一些函数或者类进行访问,就需要用到友元的技术
友元的目的就是让一个函数或者类 访问另一个类中私有成员
友元的关键字为 friend
友元的三种实现
- 全局函数做友元
- 类做友元
- 成员函数做友元
1、全局函数做友元代码实现
#include<string>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Building {
//全局函数做友元访问类中的成员
friend void goodgay(Building* building);
public:
Building()
{
m_sittingroom = "客厅";
m_bedroom = "卧室";
}
public:
string m_sittingroom;
private:
string m_bedroom;
};
//全局函数
void goodgay(Building *building)
{
cout << "正在访问:"<<building->m_sittingroom << endl;
cout << "正在访问:" << building->m_bedroom << endl;
}
void test01()
{
Building building;
goodgay(&building);
}
int main()
{
test01();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
2、类做友元代码实现
#include<string>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
//类做友元
class Building;
class goodgay {
public:
goodgay();
void visit();
Building* building;
};
class Building {
friend class goodgay;
public:
Building();
public:
string m_sittingroom;
private:
string m_bedroom;
};
//类外成员函数
Building::Building()
{
m_sittingroom = "客厅";
m_bedroom = "卧室";
}
goodgay::goodgay()
{
//创建一个建筑物对象
building = new Building;
}
void goodgay::visit()
{
cout << "正在访问:" << building->m_sittingroom << endl;
cout << "正在访问:" << building->m_bedroom << endl;
}
void test01()
{
goodgay gg;
gg.visit();
}
int main()
{
test01();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
3、成员函数做友元代码实现
#include<string>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Building;
class goodGay
{
public:
goodGay();
void visit(); //只让visit函数作为Building的好朋友,可以发访问Building中私有内容
void visit2();
private:
Building* building;
};
class Building
{
//告诉编译器 goodGay类中的visit成员函数 是Building好朋友,可以访问私有内容
friend void goodGay::visit();
public:
Building();
public:
string m_SittingRoom; //客厅
private:
string m_BedRoom;//卧室
};
Building::Building()
{
this->m_SittingRoom = "客厅";
this->m_BedRoom = "卧室";
}
goodGay::goodGay()
{
building = new Building;
}
void goodGay::visit()
{
cout << "正在访问: " << building->m_SittingRoom << endl;
cout << "正在访问: " << building->m_BedRoom << endl;
}
void goodGay::visit2()
{
cout << "正在访问: " << building->m_SittingRoom << endl;
//cout << "正在访问: " << building->m_BedRoom << endl;
}
void test01()
{
goodGay gg;
gg.visit();
}
int main() {
test01();
system("pause");
return 0;
}