Android D8 编译器 和 R8 工具，一文全懂

MD5 checksum 67301305720e60d4ef1ff286769768e6
Compiled from “Lambda.java”
public class Lambda
minor version: 0
major version: 52
flags: ACC_PUBLIC, ACC_SUPER
Constant pool:
#1 = Methodref #9.#25 // java/lang/Object.""😦)V
#2 = InvokeDynamic #0:#30 // #0:log:()LLambdaKaTeX parse error: Expected 'EOF', got '#' at position 9: Logger; #̲3 = String …Logger;Ljava/lang/String;)V
#5 = InterfaceMethodref #10.#33 // LambdaKaTeX parse error: Expected 'EOF', got '#' at position 34: …lang/String;)V #̲6 = Fieldref …Logger
#11 = Utf8 Logger
#12 = Utf8 InnerClasses
#13 = Utf8
#14 = Utf8 ()V
#15 = Utf8 Code
#16 = Utf8 LineNumberTable
#17 = Utf8 main
#18 = Utf8 ([Ljava/lang/String;)V
#19 = Utf8 logDebug
#20 = Utf8 (LLambdaKaTeX parse error: Expected 'EOF', got '#' at position 29: …lang/String;)V #̲21 = Utf8 …mainKaTeX parse error: Expected 'EOF', got '#' at position 3: 0 #̲22 = Utf8 …Lookup;Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/invoke/MethodType;Ljava/lang/invoke/MethodType;Ljava/lang/invoke/MethodHandle;Ljava/lang/invoke/MethodType;)Ljava/lang/invoke/CallSite;
#28 = MethodType #22 // (Ljava/lang/String;)V
#29 = MethodHandle #6:#42 // invokestatic Lambda.lambda$mainKaTeX parse error: Expected 'EOF', got '#' at position 25: …lang/String;)V #̲30 = NameAndTyp…Logger;
#31 = Utf8 HelloWorld
#32 = NameAndType #19:#20 // logDebug:(LLambdaKaTeX parse error: Expected 'EOF', got '#' at position 29: …lang/String;)V #̲33 = NameAndTyp…Logger
#41 = Methodref #50.#51 // java/lang/invoke/LambdaMetafactory.metafactory:(Ljava/lang/invoke/MethodHandlesKaTeX parse error: Expected 'EOF', got '#' at position 173: …voke/CallSite; #̲42 = Methodref …mainKaTeX parse error: Expected 'EOF', got '#' at position 25: …lang/String;)V #̲43 = Utf8 …Logger;
#45 = Utf8 java/lang/System
#46 = Utf8 out
#47 = Utf8 Ljava/io/PrintStream;
#48 = Utf8 java/io/PrintStream
#49 = Utf8 println
#50 = Class #53 // java/lang/invoke/LambdaMetafactory
#51 = NameAndType #54:#57 // metafactory:(Ljava/lang/invoke/MethodHandlesKaTeX parse error: Expected 'EOF', got '#' at position 173: …voke/CallSite; #̲52 = NameAndTyp…mainKaTeX parse error: Expected 'EOF', got '#' at position 25: …lang/String;)V #̲53 = Utf8 …Lookup
#56 = Utf8 Lookup
#57 = Utf8 (Ljava/lang/invoke/MethodHandlesKaTeX parse error: Expected 'EOF', got '#' at position 173: …voke/CallSite; #̲58 = Class …Lookup
#60 = Utf8 java/lang/invoke/MethodHandles
{
public Lambda();
descriptor: ()V
flags: ACC_PUBLIC
Code:
stack=1, locals=1, args_size=1
0: aload_0
1: invokespecial #1 // Method java/lang/Object.""😦)V
4: return
LineNumberTable:
line 1: 0

public static void main(java.lang.String[]);
descriptor: ([Ljava/lang/String;)V
flags: ACC_PUBLIC, ACC_STATIC
Code:
stack=2, locals=1, args_size=1
0: invokedynamic #2, 0 // InvokeDynamic #0:log:()LLambdaKaTeX parse error: Expected 'EOF', got '#' at position 26: … ldc #̲3 …Logger;Ljava/lang/String;)V
10: return
LineNumberTable:
line 3: 0
line 4: 10

static void logDebug(Lambda$Logger,java.lang.String);descriptor:(LLambda$Logger;Ljava/lang/String;)V
flags: ACC_STATIC
Code:
stack=2, locals=2, args_size=2
0: aload_0
1: aload_1
2: invokeinterface #5, 2 // InterfaceMethod LambdaKaTeX parse error: Expected 'EOF', got '}' at position 81: …7: 0 line 8: 7 }̲ SourceFile: "L…Logger of class Lambda
public static final #56= #55 of #58; //Lookup=class java/lang/invoke/MethodHandlesKaTeX parse error: Expected 'EOF', got '#' at position 69: …rapMethods: 0: #̲27 invokestatic…Lookup;Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/invoke/MethodType;Ljava/lang/invoke/MethodType;Ljava/lang/invoke/MethodHandle;Ljava/lang/invoke/MethodType;)Ljava/lang/invoke/CallSite;
Method arguments:
#28 (Ljava/lang/String;)V
#29 invokestatic Lambda.lambda$main$0:(Ljava/lang/String;)V
#28 (Ljava/lang/String;)V

在上面的详细字节码信息中，有两个重要信息需要我们注意：

major version: 52

主版本号是 52 对应的是 JDK 1.8。

invokedynamic 指令

invokedynamic 在 Java7 开始提出来，但是实际上 javac 并不支持生成 invokedynamic。在 Java 8 中，javac 能够生成 invokedynamic 指令, 比如 lambda 表达式。

2.2 dx 指令打包

首先我们采用 buildToolsVersion = 22.0.1![](https://www.hualigs.cn/image/61dba891ed8ee.jpg) 版本来编译上面的 class 文件。

$/Users/dengshiwei/Library/Android/sdk/build-tools/22.0.1/dx --dex *.class

出错了！

UNEXPECTED TOP-LEVEL EXCEPTION:
com.android.dx.cf.iface.ParseException: bad class file magic (cafebabe) or version (0034.0000)
at com.android.dx.cf.direct.DirectClassFile.parse0(DirectClassFile.java:472)
at com.android.dx.cf.direct.DirectClassFile.parse(DirectClassFile.java:406)
at com.android.dx.cf.direct.DirectClassFile.parseToInterfacesIfNecessary(DirectClassFile.java:388)
at com.android.dx.cf.direct.DirectClassFile.getMagic(DirectClassFile.java:251)
at com.android.dx.command.dexer.Main.processClass(Main.java:704)
at com.android.dx.command.dexer.Main.processFileBytes(Main.java:673)
at com.android.dx.command.dexer.Main.access$300(Main.java:83)
at com.android.dx.command.dexer.Main 1.