可以用于毕设参考，请勿过度借鉴

今天和大家分享一篇 本科毕设 实战项目，项目中我将使用VGG16、InceptionV3、DenseNet121、MobileNetV2 等四个模型进行对比分析（文中提供了每一个模型的 算法框架图），最后可以自选图片进行预测，最后的识别效果高达 99.2%。结果如下：

一、导入数据

"""
关于image_dataset_from_directory()的详细介绍可以参考文章：https://mtyjkh.blog.csdn.net/article/details/117018789
"""
train_ds = tf.keras.preprocessing.image_dataset_from_directory(
    "./1-data/",
    validation_split=0.2,
    subset="training",
    seed=12,
    image_size=(img_height, img_width),
    batch_size=batch_size)

Found 1308 files belonging to 14 classes.
Using 1047 files for training.

"""
关于image_dataset_from_directory()的详细介绍可以参考文章：https://mtyjkh.blog.csdn.net/article/details/117018789
"""
val_ds = tf.keras.preprocessing.image_dataset_from_directory(
    "./1-data/",
    validation_split=0.2,
    subset="validation",
    seed=12,
    image_size=(img_height, img_width),
    batch_size=batch_size)

Found 1308 files belonging to 14 classes.
Using 261 files for validation.

class_names = train_ds.class_names
print(class_names)

['15', '16', '17', '20', '22', '23', '24', '26', '27', '28', '29', '30', '31', '32']

train_ds

<BatchDataset shapes: ((None, 224, 224, 3), (None,)), types: (tf.float32, tf.int32)>

AUTOTUNE = tf.data.AUTOTUNE

# 归一化
def train_preprocessing(image,label):
    return (image/255.0,label)

train_ds = (
    train_ds.cache()
    .map(train_preprocessing)    # 这里可以设置预处理函数
    .prefetch(buffer_size=AUTOTUNE)
)

val_ds = (
    val_ds.cache()
    .map(train_preprocessing)    # 这里可以设置预处理函数
    .prefetch(buffer_size=AUTOTUNE)
)

plt.figure(figsize=(10, 8))  # 图形的宽为10高为5

for images, labels in train_ds.take(1):
    for i in range(15):
        plt.subplot(4, 5, i + 1)
        plt.xticks([])
        plt.yticks([])
        plt.grid(False)

        # 显示图片
        plt.imshow(images[i])
        # 显示标签
        plt.xlabel(class_names[int(labels[i])]