启动DataAbility
启动DataAbility会获取一个工具接口类对象（DataAbilityHelper）。启动DataAbility的示例代码如下：
import featureAbility from '@ohos.ability.featureAbility';
import ability from '@ohos.ability.ability';
let uri: string = 'dataability:///com.samples.famodelabilitydevelop.DataAbility';
let DAHelper: ability.DataAbilityHelper = featureAbility.acquireDataAbilityHelper(uri);
访问DataAbility
访问DataAbility需导入基础依赖包，以及获取与DataAbility子模块通信的URI字符串。
其中，基础依赖包包括：
- @ohos.ability.featureAbility
- @ohos.data.dataAbility
访问DataAbility的示例代码如下：
-
创建工具接口类对象。
import featureAbility from '@ohos.ability.featureAbility'; import ohos_data_ability from '@ohos.data.dataAbility'; import ability from '@ohos.ability.ability'; // 作为参数传递的URI,与config中定义的URI的区别是多了一个"/",有三个"/" let uri: string = 'dataability:///com.samples.famodelabilitydevelop.DataAbility'; let DAHelper: ability.DataAbilityHelper = featureAbility.acquireDataAbilityHelper(uri); -
构建数据库相关的RDB数据。
import ohos_data_ability from '@ohos.data.dataAbility'; import rdb from '@ohos.data.rdb'; let valuesBucket_insert: rdb.ValuesBucket = { name: 'Rose', introduction: 'insert' }; let valuesBucket_update: rdb.ValuesBucket = { name: 'Rose', introduction: 'update' }; let crowd = new Array({ name: 'Rose', introduction: 'batchInsert_one' } as rdb.ValuesBucket, { name: 'Rose', introduction: 'batchInsert_two' } as rdb.ValuesBucket); let columnArray = new Array('id', 'name', 'introduction'); let predicates = new ohos_data_ability.DataAbilityPredicates();注：关于DataAbilityPredicates的详细内容，请参考[DataAbility谓词]。
-
调用insert方法向指定的DataAbility子模块插入数据。
import ability from '@ohos.ability.ability'; import featureAbility from '@ohos.ability.featureAbility'; import { BusinessError } from '@ohos.base'; import ohos_data_ability from '@ohos.data.dataAbility'; import rdb from '@ohos.data.rdb'; import promptAction from '@ohos.promptAction'; import hilog from '@ohos.hilog'; const TAG: string = 'PageDataAbility'; // callback方式调用: const domain: number = 0xFF00; @Entry @Component struct PageDataAbility { private valuesBucket_insert: rdb.ValuesBucket = { name: 'Rose', introduction: 'insert' }; private uri = 'dataability:///com.samples.famodelabilitydevelop.DataAbility'; private DAHelper = featureAbility.acquireDataAbilityHelper(this.uri); build() { Column() { // ... List({ initialIndex: 0 }) { // ... ListItemGroup() { ListItem() { Flex({ justifyContent: FlexAlign.SpaceBetween, alignContent: FlexAlign.Center }) { // ... } .onClick(() => { // callback方式调用: this.DAHelper.insert(this.uri, this.valuesBucket_insert, (error: BusinessError, data: number) => { if (error && error.code !== 0) { promptAction.showToast({ message: $r('app.string.insert_failed_toast') }); } else { promptAction.showToast({ message: $r('app.string.insert_success_toast') }); } hilog.info(domain, TAG, 'DAHelper insert result: ' + data + ', error: ' + JSON.stringify(error)); } ); }) } // ... } // ... } // ... } // ... } }import ability from '@ohos.ability.ability'; import featureAbility from '@ohos.ability.featureAbility'; import { BusinessError } from '@ohos.base'; import ohos_data_ability from '@ohos.data.dataAbility'; import rdb from '@ohos.data.rdb'; import promptAction from '@ohos.promptAction'; import hilog from '@ohos.hilog'; const TAG: string = 'PageDataAbility'; const domain: number = 0xFF00; @Entry @Component struct PageDataAbility { private valuesBucket_insert: rdb.ValuesBucket = { name: 'Rose', introduction: 'insert' }; private uri = 'dataability:///com.samples.famodelabilitydevelop.DataAbility'; private DAHelper = featureAbility.acquireDataAbilityHelper(this.uri); build() { Column() { // ... List({ initialIndex: 0 }) { // ... ListItemGroup() { ListItem() { Flex({ justifyContent: FlexAlign.SpaceBetween, alignContent: FlexAlign.Center }) { // ... } .onClick(() => { // promise方式调用(await需要在async方法中使用): this.DAHelper.insert(this.uri, this.valuesBucket_insert).then((datainsert) => { promptAction.showToast({ message: $r('app.string.insert_success_toast') }); hilog.info(domain, TAG, 'DAHelper insert result: ' + datainsert); }).catch((error: BusinessError) => { promptAction.showToast({ message: $r('app.string.insert_failed_toast') }); hilog.error(domain, TAG, `DAHelper insert failed. Cause: ${error.message}`); }); }) } // ... } // ... } // ... } // ... } } -
调用delete方法删除DataAbility子模块中指定的数据。
import ability from '@ohos.ability.ability'; import featureAbility from '@ohos.ability.featureAbility'; import { BusinessError } from '@ohos.base'; import ohos_data_ability from '@ohos.data.dataAbility'; import rdb from '@ohos.data.rdb'; import promptAction from '@ohos.promptAction'; import hilog from '@ohos.hilog'; const TAG: string = 'PageDataAbility'; const domain: number = 0xFF00; @Entry @Component struct PageDataAbility { private predicates = new ohos_data_ability.DataAbilityPredicates(); private uri = 'dataability:///com.samples.famodelabilitydevelop.DataAbility'; private DAHelper = featureAbility.acquireDataAbilityHelper(this.uri); build() { Column() { // ... List({ initialIndex: 0 }) { // ... ListItemGroup() { ListItem() { Flex({ justifyContent: FlexAlign.SpaceBetween, alignContent: FlexAlign.Center }) { // ... } .onClick(() => { // callback方式调用: this.DAHelper.delete(this.uri, this.predicates, (error, data) => { if (error && error.code !== 0) { promptAction.showToast({ message: $r('app.string.delete_failed_toast') }); } else { promptAction.showToast({ message: $r('app.string.delete_success_toast') }); } hilog.info(domain, TAG, 'DAHelper delete result: ' + data + ', error: ' + JSON.stringify(error)); } ); }) } // ... } // ... } // ... } // ... } }import ability from '@ohos.ability.ability'; import featureAbility from '@ohos.ability.featureAbility'; import { BusinessError } from '@ohos.base'; import ohos_data_ability from '@ohos.data.dataAbility'; import rdb from '@ohos.data.rdb'; import promptAction from '@ohos.promptAction'; import hilog from '@ohos.hilog'; const TAG: string = 'PageDataAbility'; const domain: number = 0xFF00; @Entry @Component struct PageDataAbility { private predicates = new ohos_data_ability.DataAbilityPredicates(); private uri = 'dataability:///com.samples.famodelabilitydevelop.DataAbility'; private DAHelper = featureAbility.acquireDataAbilityHelper(this.uri); build() { Column() { // ... List({ initialIndex: 0 }) { // ... ListItemGroup() { ListItem() { Flex({ justifyContent: FlexAlign.SpaceBetween, alignContent: FlexAlign.Center }) { // ... } .onClick(() => { // promise方式调用(await需要在async方法中使用): this.DAHelper.delete(this.uri, this.predicates).then((datadelete) => { promptAction.showToast({ message: $r('app.string.delete_success_toast') }); hilog.info(domain, TAG, 'DAHelper delete result: ' + datadelete); }).catch((error: BusinessError) => { promptAction.showToast({ message: $r('app.string.delete_failed_toast') }); hilog.error(domain, TAG, `DAHelper delete failed. Cause: ${error.message}`); }); }) } // ... } // ... } // ... } // ... } } -
调用update方法更新指定DataAbility子模块中的数据。
import ability from '@ohos.ability.ability'; import featureAbility from '@ohos.ability.featureAbility'; import { BusinessError } from '@ohos.base'; import ohos_data_ability from '@ohos.data.dataAbility'; import rdb from '@ohos.data.rdb'; import promptAction from '@ohos.promptAction'; import hilog from '@ohos.hilog'; const TAG: string = 'PageDataAbility'; const domain: number = 0xFF00; @Entry @Component struct PageDataAbility { private valuesBucket_update: rdb.ValuesBucket = { name: 'Rose', introduction: 'update' }; private predicates = new ohos_data_ability.DataAbilityPredicates(); private uri = 'dataability:///com.samples.famodelabilitydevelop.DataAbility'; private DAHelper = featureAbility.acquireDataAbilityHelper(this.uri); build() { Column() { // ... List({ initialIndex: 0 }) { // ... ListItemGroup() { ListItem() { Flex({ justifyContent: FlexAlign.SpaceBetween, alignContent: FlexAlign.Center }) { // ... } .onClick(() => { // callback方式调用: this.predicates.equalTo('name', 'Rose'); this.DAHelper.update(this.uri, this.valuesBucket_update, this.predicates, (error, data) => { if (error && error.code !== 0) { promptAction.showToast({ message: $r('app.string.update_failed_toast') }); } else { promptAction.showToast({ message: $r('app.string.update_success_toast') }); } hilog.info(domain, TAG, 'DAHelper update result: ' + data + ', error: ' + JSON.stringify(error)); } ); }) } // ... } // ... } // ... } // ... } }import ability from '@ohos.ability.ability'; import featureAbility from '@ohos.ability.featureAbility'; import { BusinessError } from '@ohos.base'; import ohos_data_ability from '@ohos.data.dataAbility'; import rdb from '@ohos.data.rdb'; import promptAction from '@ohos.promptAction'; import hilog from '@ohos.hilog'; const TAG: string = 'PageDataAbility'; const domain: number = 0xFF00; @Entry @Component struct PageDataAbility { private valuesBucket_update: rdb.ValuesBucket = { name: 'Rose', introduction: 'update' }; private predicates = new ohos_data_ability.DataAbilityPredicates(); private uri = 'dataability:///com.samples.famodelabilitydevelop.DataAbility'; private DAHelper = featureAbility.acquireDataAbilityHelper(this.uri); build() { Column() { // ... List({ initialIndex: 0 }) { // ... ListItemGroup() { ListItem() { Flex({ justifyContent: FlexAlign.SpaceBetween, alignContent: FlexAlign.Center }) { // ... } .onClick(() => { // promise方式调用(await需要在async方法中使用): this.predicates.equalTo('name', 'Rose'); this.DAHelper.update(this.uri, this.valuesBucket_update, this.predicates).then((dataupdate) => { promptAction.showToast({ message: $r('app.string.update_success_toast') }); hilog.info(domain, TAG, 'DAHelper update result: ' + dataupdate); }).catch((error: BusinessError) => { promptAction.showToast({ message: $r('app.string.update_failed_toast') }); hilog.error(domain, TAG, `DAHelper update failed. Cause: ${error.message}`); }); }) } // ... } // ... } // ... } // ... } } -
调用query方法在指定的DataAbility子模块中查找数据。
import ability from '@ohos.ability.ability'; import featureAbility from '@ohos.ability.featureAbility'; import { BusinessError } from '@ohos.base'; import ohos_data_ability from '@ohos.data.dataAbility'; import rdb from '@ohos.data.rdb'; import promptAction from '@ohos.promptAction'; import hilog from '@ohos.hilog'; const TAG: string = 'PageDataAbility'; const domain: number = 0xFF00; @Entry @Component struct PageDataAbility { private columnArray = new Array('id', 'name', 'introduction'); private predicates = new ohos_data_ability.DataAbilityPredicates(); private uri = 'dataability:///com.samples.famodelabilitydevelop.DataAbility'; private DAHelper = featureAbility.acquireDataAbilityHelper(this.uri); build() { Column() { // ... List({ initialIndex: 0 }) { // ... ListItemGroup() { ListItem() { Flex({ justifyContent: FlexAlign.SpaceBetween, alignContent: FlexAlign.Center }) { // ... } .onClick(() => { // callback方式调用: this.predicates.equalTo('name', 'Rose'); this.DAHelper.query(this.uri, this.columnArray, this.predicates, (error, data) => { if (error && error.code !== 0) { promptAction.showToast({ message: $r('app.string.query_failed_toast') }); hilog.error(domain, TAG, `DAHelper query failed. Cause: ${error.message}`); } else { promptAction.showToast({ message: $r('app.string.query_success_toast') }); } // ResultSet是一个数据集合的游标，默认指向第-1个记录，有效的数据从0开始。 while (data.goToNextRow()) { const id = data.getLong(data.getColumnIndex('id')); const name = data.getString(data.getColumnIndex('name')); const introduction = data.getString(data.getColumnIndex('introduction')); hilog.info(domain, TAG, `DAHelper query result:id = [${id}], name = [${name}], introduction = [${introduction}]`); } // 释放数据集的内存 data.close(); } ); }) } // ... } // ... } // ... } // ... } }import ability from '@ohos.ability.ability'; import featureAbility from '@ohos.ability.featureAbility'; import { BusinessError } from '@ohos.base'; import ohos_data_ability from '@ohos.data.dataAbility'; import rdb from '@ohos.data.rdb'; import promptAction from '@ohos.promptAction'; import hilog from '@ohos.hilog'; const TAG: string = 'PageDataAbility'; const domain: number = 0xFF00; @Entry @Component struct PageDataAbility { private columnArray = new Array('id', 'name', 'introduction'); private predicates = new ohos_data_ability.DataAbilityPredicates(); private uri = 'dataability:///com.samples.famodelabilitydevelop.DataAbility'; private DAHelper = featureAbility.acquireDataAbilityHelper(this.uri); build() { Column() { // ... List({ initialIndex: 0 }) { // ... ListItemGroup() { ListItem() { Flex({ justifyContent: FlexAlign.SpaceBetween, alignContent: FlexAlign.Center }) { // ... } .onClick(() => { // promise方式调用(await需要在async方法中使用): this.predicates.equalTo('name', 'Rose'); this.DAHelper.query(this.uri, this.columnArray, this.predicates).then((dataquery) => { promptAction.showToast({ message: $r('app.string.query_success_toast') }); // ResultSet是一个数据集合的游标，默认指向第-1个记录，有效的数据从0开始。 while (dataquery.goToNextRow()) { const id = dataquery.getLong(dataquery.getColumnIndex('id')); const name = dataquery.getString(dataquery.getColumnIndex('name')); const introduction = dataquery.getString(dataquery.getColumnIndex('introduction')); hilog.info(domain, TAG, `DAHelper query result:id = [${id}], name = [${name}], introduction = [${introduction}]`); } // 释放数据集的内存 dataquery.close(); }).catch((error: BusinessError) => { promptAction.showToast({ message: $r('app.string.query_failed_toast') }); hilog.error(domain, TAG, `DAHelper query failed. Cause: ${error.message}`); }); }) } // ... } // ... } // ... } // ... } } -
调用batchInsert方法向指定的DataAbility子模块批量插入数据。
import ability from '@ohos.ability.ability'; import featureAbility from '@ohos.ability.featureAbility'; import { BusinessError } from '@ohos.base'; import ohos_data_ability from '@ohos.data.dataAbility'; import rdb from '@ohos.data.rdb'; import promptAction from '@ohos.promptAction'; import hilog from '@ohos.hilog'; const TAG: string = 'PageDataAbility'; const domain: number = 0xFF00; @Entry @Component struct PageDataAbility { private crowd = new Array({ name: 'Rose', introduction: 'batchInsert_one' } as rdb.ValuesBucket, { name: 'Rose', introduction: 'batchInsert_two' } as rdb.ValuesBucket); private uri = 'dataability:///com.samples.famodelabilitydevelop.DataAbility'; private DAHelper = featureAbility.acquireDataAbilityHelper(this.uri); build() { Column() { // ... List({ initialIndex: 0 }) { // ... ListItemGroup() { ListItem() { Flex({ justifyContent: FlexAlign.SpaceBetween, alignContent: FlexAlign.Center }) { // ... } .onClick(() => { // callback方式调用: this.DAHelper.batchInsert(this.uri, this.crowd, (error, data) => { if (error && error.code !== 0) { promptAction.showToast({ message: $r('app.string.batchInsert_failed_toast') }); } else { promptAction.showToast({ message: $r('app.string.batchInsert_success_toast') }); } hilog.info(domain, TAG, 'DAHelper batchInsert result: ' + data + ', error: ' + JSON.stringify(error)); } ); }) } // ... } // ... } // ... } // ... } }import ability from '@ohos.ability.ability'; import featureAbility from '@ohos.ability.featureAbility'; import { BusinessError } from '@ohos.base'; import ohos_data_ability from '@ohos.data.dataAbility'; import rdb from '@ohos.data.rdb'; import promptAction from '@ohos.promptAction'; import hilog from '@ohos.hilog'; const TAG: string = 'PageDataAbility'; const domain: number = 0xFF00; @Entry @Component struct PageDataAbility { private crowd = new Array({ name: 'Rose', introduction: 'batchInsert_one' } as rdb.ValuesBucket, { name: 'Rose', introduction: 'batchInsert_two' } as rdb.ValuesBucket); private uri = 'dataability:///com.samples.famodelabilitydevelop.DataAbility'; private DAHelper = featureAbility.acquireDataAbilityHelper(this.uri); build() { Column() { // ... List({ initialIndex: 0 }) { // ... ListItemGroup() { ListItem() { Flex({ justifyContent: FlexAlign.SpaceBetween, alignContent: FlexAlign.Center }) { // ... } .onClick(() => { // promise方式调用(await需要在async方法中使用): this.DAHelper.batchInsert(this.uri, this.crowd).then((databatchInsert) => { promptAction.showToast({ message: $r('app.string.batchInsert_success_toast') }); hilog.info(domain, TAG, 'DAHelper batchInsert result: ' + databatchInsert); }).catch((error: BusinessError) => { promptAction.showToast({ message: $r('app.string.batchInsert_failed_toast') }); hilog.error(domain, TAG, `DAHelper batchInsert failed. Cause: ${error.message}`); }); }) } // ... } // ... } // ... } // ... } } -
调用executeBatch方法向指定的DataAbility子模块进行数据的批量处理。
import ability from '@ohos.ability.ability'; import featureAbility from '@ohos.ability.featureAbility'; import { BusinessError } from '@ohos.base'; import ohos_data_ability from '@ohos.data.dataAbility'; import rdb from '@ohos.data.rdb'; import promptAction from '@ohos.promptAction'; import hilog from '@ohos.hilog'; const TAG: string = 'PageDataAbility'; const domain: number = 0xFF00; @Entry @Component struct PageDataAbility { private predicates = new ohos_data_ability.DataAbilityPredicates(); private uri = 'dataability:///com.samples.famodelabilitydevelop.DataAbility'; private DAHelper = featureAbility.acquireDataAbilityHelper(this.uri); build() { Column() { // ... List({ initialIndex: 0 }) { // ... ListItemGroup() { ListItem() { Flex({ justifyContent: FlexAlign.SpaceBetween, alignContent: FlexAlign.Center }) { // ... } .onClick(() => { // callback方式调用: let operations: Array<ability.DataAbilityOperation> = [{ uri: this.uri, type: featureAbility.DataAbilityOperationType.TYPE_INSERT, valuesBucket: { name: 'Rose', introduction: 'executeBatch' }, predicates: this.predicates, expectedCount: 0, predicatesBackReferences: undefined, interrupted: true, }]; this.DAHelper.executeBatch(this.uri, operations, (error, data) => { if (error && error.code !== 0) { promptAction.showToast({ message: $r('app.string.executeBatch_failed_toast') }); } else { promptAction.showToast({ message: $r('app.string.executeBatch_success_toast') }); } hilog.info(domain, TAG, `DAHelper executeBatch, result: ` + JSON.stringify(data) + ', error: ' + JSON.stringify(error)); }); }) } // ... } // ... } // ... } // ... } }import ability from '@ohos.ability.ability'; import featureAbility from '@ohos.ability.featureAbility'; import { BusinessError } from '@ohos.base'; import ohos_data_ability from '@ohos.data.dataAbility'; import rdb from '@ohos.data.rdb'; import promptAction from '@ohos.promptAction'; import hilog from '@ohos.hilog'; const TAG: string = 'PageDataAbility'; const domain: number = 0xFF00; @Entry @Component struct PageDataAbility { private predicates = new ohos_data_ability.DataAbilityPredicates(); private uri = 'dataability:///com.samples.famodelabilitydevelop.DataAbility'; private DAHelper = featureAbility.acquireDataAbilityHelper(this.uri); build() { Column() { // ... List({ initialIndex: 0 }) { // ... ListItemGroup() { ListItem() { Flex({ justifyContent: FlexAlign.SpaceBetween, alignContent: FlexAlign.Center }) { // ... } .onClick(() => { // promise方式调用(await需要在async方法中使用): let operations: Array<ability.DataAbilityOperation> = [{ uri: this.uri, type: featureAbility.DataAbilityOperationType.TYPE_INSERT, valuesBucket: { name: 'Rose', introduction: 'executeBatch' }, predicates: this.predicates, expectedCount: 0, predicatesBackReferences: undefined, interrupted: true, }]; this.DAHelper.executeBatch(this.uri, operations).then((dataquery) => { promptAction.showToast({ message: $r('app.string.executeBatch_success_toast') }); hilog.info(domain, TAG, 'DAHelper executeBatch result: ' + JSON.stringify(dataquery)); }).catch((error: BusinessError) => { promptAction.showToast({ message: $r('app.string.executeBatch_failed_toast') }); hilog.error(domain, TAG, `DAHelper executeBatch failed. Cause: ${error.message}`); }); }) } // ... } // ... } // ... } // ... } }
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