JAVA GUI

orangejs_

已于 2023-04-27 10:30:15 修改

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文章标签： java

于 2023-04-22 20:26:35 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_72527474/article/details/130309691

版权

在这里插入图片描述

1. 简介

Gui的核心技术：Swing AWT

因为界面不美观
需要jre环境！
为什么我们要学习？
可以写出自己心中想要的一些小工具
工作时候，也可能需要维护到swing界面，概率极小
了解MVC架构，了解监听

2. AWT

2.1 Awt介绍

包含了很多类和接口！ GUI：
元素：窗口，按钮，文本框
java.awt

2.2 组件和容器

Frame

package gui.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        //Frame, JDK 看源码
        Frame frame = new Frame("我的第一个Java图像界面窗口");

        //设置窗口大小
        frame.setSize(400, 400);

        //弹出的初始位置
        frame.setLocation(200, 200);

        //设置背景颜色Color
        frame.setBackground(new Color(85, 150, 60));

        //设置大小固定 false为不可改变 true为可改变
        frame.setResizable(false);

        //需要设置可见性 wide high
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

问题：发现窗口关不掉，停止java程序！

尝试回顾封装

package gui.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestFrame2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //展示多个窗口 new
        MyFrame myFrame1 = new MyFrame(100, 100, 200, 200, Color.blue);
        MyFrame myFrame2 = new MyFrame(300, 100, 200, 200, Color.yellow);
        MyFrame myFrame3 = new MyFrame(100, 300, 200, 200, Color.red);
        MyFrame myFrame4 = new MyFrame(300, 300, 200, 200, Color.MAGENTA);
    }
}

class MyFrame extends Frame {
    static int id = 0; // 可能存在多个窗口，需要一个计数器

    public MyFrame(int x, int y, int w, int h, Color color) {
        super("Myframe" + ++id);
        setBackground(color);
        setBounds(x, y, w, h);
        setVisible(true);
    }

}

面板Panel
解决了关闭事件

package gui.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowListener;

//Panel 可以看成是一个空间，但是不能单独存在
public class TestPanel {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        //布局的概念
        Panel panel = new Panel();

        //设置布局
        frame.setLayout(null);

        //坐标
        frame.setBounds(300, 300, 500, 500);
        frame.setBackground(new Color(40, 161, 35));

        //panel设置坐标，相对于frame
        panel.setBounds(50, 50, 400, 400);
        panel.setBackground(new Color(195, 24, 24));

        //frame.add(panel)
        frame.add(panel);

        frame.setVisible(true);

        //监听时间，监听窗口关闭时间 System.exit(0)
        //适配器模式：
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            //窗口点击关闭的时候需要做的事情
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                //结束程序
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

2.3. 布局管理器

流式布局

package gui.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestFlowLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();

        //组件-按钮
        Button button1 = new Button("button1");
        Button button2 = new Button("button2");
        Button button3 = new Button("button3");

        //设置流式布局
        //frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        //frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));
        //frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT));

        frame.setSize(200, 200);

        //把按钮添加上去
        frame.add(button1);
        frame.add(button2);
        frame.add(button3);


        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

● 东西南北中

package gui.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestBorderLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("TestBorderLayout");

        Button east = new Button("East");
        Button west = new Button("West");
        Button south = new Button("South");
        Button north = new Button("North");
        Button center = new Button("Center");

        frame.add(east, BorderLayout.EAST);
        frame.add(west, BorderLayout.WEST);
        frame.add(south, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        frame.add(north, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(center, BorderLayout.CENTER);

        frame.setSize(200, 200);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

表格布局

package gui.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestGridLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("TestGridLayout");

        Button btn1 = new Button("btn1");
        Button btn2 = new Button("btn2");
        Button btn3 = new Button("btn3");
        Button btn4 = new Button("btn4");
        Button btn5 = new Button("btn5");
        Button btn6 = new Button("btn6");

        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3, 2));

        frame.add(btn1);
        frame.add(btn2);
        frame.add(btn3);
        frame.add(btn4);
        frame.add(btn5);
        frame.add(btn6);

        frame.pack(); //Java函数
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

课堂练习

package gui.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class PracticeDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //总Frame
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        frame.setSize(400, 300);
        frame.setLocation(300, 400);
        frame.setBackground(Color.BLACK);
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 1));

        //4个面板
        Panel p1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel p2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2, 1));
        Panel p3 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel p4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2, 1));

        //上面OK
        p1.add(new Button("East-1"), BorderLayout.EAST);
        p1.add(new Button("West-1"), BorderLayout.WEST);
        p2.add(new Button("p2-btn-1"));
        p2.add(new Button("p2-btn-2"));
        p1.add(p2, BorderLayout.CENTER);

        //下面OK
        p3.add(new Button("East-2"), BorderLayout.EAST);
        p3.add(new Button("West-2"), BorderLayout.WEST);

        //中间4个
        for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            p4.add(new Button("for-" + i));
        }
        p3.add(p4, BorderLayout.CENTER);

        frame.add(p1);
        frame.add(p3);

        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

卡片布局
CardLayout
网格包布局
GridBagLayout

总结

Frame类是一个顶级窗口，Frame类的缺省布局管理器为BorderLayout。
Panel对象无法单独显示，必须添加到某个容器中。
Panel类的缺省布局管理器为FlowLayout。
当把Panel对象作为一个组件添加到某个容器中后，该Panel对象仍然可以有自己的布局管理器。
使用布局管理器时，布局管理器负责各个组件的大小和位置，因此用户无法在这种情况下设置组件大小和位置属属性，如果视图使用Java语言提供的setLocation()，setSize()，setBounds()等方法，则都会被布局管理器覆盖。
如果用户确实需要亲自设置组件大小或位置，则应取消布局管理器，方法为：setLayout(null);。

2.4. 事件监听

事件监听：当某个事情发生的时候，干什么？

package gui.lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestActionEvent {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //按下按钮，触发一些事件
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        Button button = new Button();

        //因为，addActionListener()需要一个ActionListener，
        //所以我们需要构造一个 ActionListener
        MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
        button.addActionListener(myActionListener);

        frame.add(button, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        frame.pack();
        windowClose(frame);//关闭窗口
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }

    //关闭窗体的事件
    private static void windowClose(Frame frame) {
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

//事件监听
class MyActionListener implements ActionListener {

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        System.out.println("aaa");
    }
}

多个按钮，共享一个事件

package gui.lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestActionTwo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //两个按钮，实现同一个监听
        // 开始    停止
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        Button button1 = new Button("start");
        Button button2 = new Button("end");

        //可以显示的定义会触发返回的命令，如果不显示定义，则会走默认的值
        //可以多个按钮只写一个监听类
        button2.setActionCommand("button2-stop");

        MyMonitor myMonitor = new MyMonitor();

        button1.addActionListener(myMonitor);
        button2.addActionListener(myMonitor);

        frame.add(button1, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(button2, BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

class MyMonitor implements ActionListener {

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //e.getActionCommand() 获得按钮的信息
        System.out.println("按钮被点击了：msg => " + e.getActionCommand());
        if (e.getActionCommand().equals("start")) {

        }
    }
}

2.5. 输入框TextField监听

package gui.lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TextText01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //启动
        new MyFrame();

    }
}

class MyFrame extends Frame {
    // 构造方法
    public MyFrame() {
        TextField textField = new TextField();
        this.add(textField);

        //监听这个文本框输入的文字
        MyActionListener2 myActionListener2 = new MyActionListener2();
        //按下e nter 就会出触发这个输入框的事件
        textField.addActionListener(myActionListener2);

        //设置替换编码
        textField.setEchoChar('*');

        setVisible(true);
        pack();

    }
}

class MyActionListener2 implements ActionListener {

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        TextField field = (TextField) e.getSource(); //获得一些资源，返回的一个对象
        System.out.println(field.getText()); //获得输入框中的文本
        field.setText(""); //null 回车清空文本内容
    }
}

2.6. 简易计算器，组合 + 内部类(回顾复习)

opp原则：组合，大于继承！

class A extends B {

}

class A {
    public B b;

}

普通写法

package gui.lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator();
    }
}

//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame {
    public Calculator() {
        //三个文本框
        TextField num1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        TextField num2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        TextField num3 = new TextField(20);//字符数

        //一个按钮
        Button button = new Button("=");
        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(num1, num2, num3));

        //一个标签
        Label label = new Label("+");

        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());

        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);

        pack();
        setVisible(true);
    }
}

//监听器
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener {

    //获取三个变量
    private TextField num1, num2, num3;

    public MyCalculatorListener(TextField num1, TextField num2, TextField num3) {
        this.num1 = num1;
        this.num2 = num2;
        this.num3 = num3;
    }

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //1.获得加数和被加数
        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());
        //2，将这个值 + 法运算后，放到第三个框
        num3.setText("" + (n1 + n2));

        //3.清楚前两个框
        num1.setText("");
        num2.setText("");

    }
}

完全改造为面向对象写法

package gui.lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator().loadFrame();
    }
}

//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame {
    //属性
    TextField num1, num2, num3;
    //方法
    public void loadFrame() {

        num1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        num2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        num3 = new TextField(20);//字符数
        Button button = new Button("=");
        Label label = new Label("+");

        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(this));

        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);
        pack();
        setVisible(true);
    }
}

//监听器
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener {

    //获取计算器这个对象，在一个类中组合另外一个类
    Calculator calculator = null;

    public MyCalculatorListener(Calculator calculator) {
        this.calculator = calculator;
    }


    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //1.获得加数和被加数
        //2.将这个值 + 法于是暖后，放到第三个狂
        //3.清除前两个框
        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num1.getText());
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num2.getText());
        calculator.num3.setText("" + (n1 + n2));
        calculator.num1.setText("");
        calculator.num2.setText("");

    }
}

内部类

更好的包装

package gui.lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator().loadFrame();
    }
}

//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame {
    //属性
    TextField num1, num2, num3;
    //方法
    public void loadFrame() {

        num1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        num2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        num3 = new TextField(20);//字符数
        Button button = new Button("=");
        Label label = new Label("+");

        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener());

        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);
        pack();
        setVisible(true);
    }

    //监听器类
    //内部类的最大好处就是可以畅通无阻的访问外部类的属性和方法
    private class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener {

        @Override
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
            //1.获得加数和被加数
            //2.将这个值 + 法于是暖后，放到第三个狂
            //3.清除前两个框
            int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
            int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());
            num3.setText("" + (n1 + n2));
            num1.setText("");
            num2.setText("");

        }
    }
}

2.7. 画笔

package gui.lesson03;

import java.awt.*;

public class TextPaint {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyPaint().loadFrame();

    }
}

class MyPaint extends Frame {

    public void loadFrame() {
        setBounds(200, 200, 600, 500);
        setVisible(true);
    }

    //画笔
    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        //画笔，需要有颜色，画笔可以画画
        //g.setColor(Color.red);
        //g.drawOval(100,100,100,100);
        g.fillOval(100, 100, 100, 100);

        //g.setColor(Color.GREEN);
        g.fillRect(150, 200, 200, 200);

        //养成习惯，画笔用完，将他还原到最初的颜色（黑色）
        
    }
}

2.8. 鼠标监听

目的：想要实现鼠标画画
在这里插入图片描述

package gui.lesson03;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;

//鼠标监听事件
public class TestMouse {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyFrame("画图");
    }
}

//自己的类
class MyFrame extends Frame {
    //画画需要画笔，需要监听鼠标当前的位置，需要集合来存储这个点
    ArrayList points;

    public MyFrame(String title) {
        super(title);
        setBounds(200, 200, 400, 300);

        //存鼠标点击的点
        points = new ArrayList<>();

        setVisible(true);

        //鼠标监听器，正对这个窗口
        this.addMouseListener(new MyMouseListener());
    }

    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        //画画，监听鼠标的事件
        Iterator iterator = points.iterator();
        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
            Point point = (Point) iterator.next();
            g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
            g.fillOval(point.x, point.y, 10, 10);
        }
    }

    //添加一个点到界面上
    public void addPaint(Point point) {
        points.add(point);
    }

    //适配器模式
    private class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter {
        //鼠标 按下，弹起，按住不放

        @Override
        public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
            MyFrame frame = (MyFrame) e.getSource();
            //这个我们点击的时候，就会在界面上产生一个点！画
            //这个点就是鼠标的点
            frame.addPaint(new Point(e.getX(), e.getY()));

            //每次点击鼠标都需要重新画一遍
            frame.repaint();

        }
    }
}

2.9. 窗口监听

package GUI.lesson03;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TextWindow {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new WindowFrame();
    }
}

class WindowFrame extends Frame {
    public WindowFrame() {
        setBackground(Color.blue);
        setBounds(100,100,200,200);
        setVisible(true);
        //addWindowListener(new MyWindowListener());

        this.addWindowListener(
            //匿名内部类
            new WindowAdapter(){
                //关闭窗口
                @Override
                public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                    System.out.println("windowClosing");
                    System.exit(0);
                }
                //激活窗口
                @Override
                public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
                    WindowFrame source = (WindowFrame) e.getSource();
                    source.setTitle("");
                    System.out.println("windowActivated");
                }
            });
    }
}

2.10. 键盘监听

package gui.lesson03;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;

//键
public class TextKeyListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new KeyFrame();
    }
}

class KeyFrame extends Frame {
    public KeyFrame() {
        setBounds(1,2,300,400);
        setVisible(true);
        this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
            //键盘按下
            @Override
            public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
                //获得键盘下的键是哪个键，当前的码
                int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();
                //不需要去记录这个数值，直接使用静态属性 VK_XXX
                System.out.println(keyCode);
                if(keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP) {
                    System.out.println("你按下了上键");//38
                }
            }
        });
    }
}

3. Swing

3.1. 窗口，面板

package GUI.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JFrameDemo {

    //init(); 初始化
    public void init(){
        JFrame jf = new JFrame("这是一个JFrame窗口");
        jf.setVisible(true);
        jf.setBounds(100,100,200,200);
        jf.setBackground(Color.cyan);
        
        //设置文字 Jlabel
        JLabel label = new JLabel("欢迎来到狂神说JAVA系列");

        //容器实例化
        jf.add(label);

        //关闭事件
        jf.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JFrameDemo().init();
    }
}

标签居中

package GUI.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JFrameDemo02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyJframe2().init();
    }
}

class MyJframe2 extends JFrame {
    public void init(){
        this.setBounds(10,10,200,300);
        this.setVisible(true);

        JLabel label = new JLabel("欢迎来到狂神说JAVA系列");
        this.add(label);

        //让文本标签居中
        label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);

        //获得一个容器
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        container.setBackground(Color.BLUE);
    }
}

3.2. 弹窗

JDialog，用来被弹出，默认就有关闭事件

package GUI.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

//主窗口
public class DialogDemo extends JFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new DialogDemo();
    }

    public DialogDemo(){
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(700,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        //JFrame 放东西，容器
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //绝对布局
        container.setLayout(null);

        //按钮
        JButton button = new JButton("点击弹出一个对话框"); //创建
        button.setBounds(30,30,200,50);

        //点击这个按钮的时候，弹出一弹窗
        button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {//监听器（作用：调用另一个方法的弹窗）
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                //弹窗
                new MyDialogDemo();
            }
        });
        container.add(button); // 加入容器后自动定位
    }
}

//弹窗的窗口
class MyDialogDemo extends JDialog {

    public MyDialogDemo() {
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,500,500);
        //this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        container.setLayout(null);

        container.add(new Label("陈老师带你学JAVA"));
    }
}

3.3. 标签

label

new JLabel("xxx");

图标 ICON

package GUI.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

//图标（接口），需要实现类，Frame继承
public class IconDemo extends JFrame implements Icon {

    private int width;
    private int height;

    public IconDemo() {}
    public IconDemo(int width,int height) {
        this.width = width;
        this.height = height;
    }

    public void init(){
        IconDemo iconDemo = new IconDemo(15,15);
        //图标可以放在按钮上也可以放在标签上
        JLabel label = new JLabel("icontest",iconDemo,SwingConstants.CENTER);

        Container container = getContentPane();
        container.add(label);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new IconDemo().init();
    }

    @Override
    public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y) {
        g.fillOval(x,y,width,height);
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconWidth() {
        return this.width;
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconHeight() {
        return this.height;
    }
}

图片 Icon

package GUI.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class ImageIconDemo extends JFrame {

    public ImageIconDemo() {
        //获取图片的地址
        JLabel label = new JLabel("ImageIcon");
        //重点：通过这个类获取当前类路径下的东西!!
        URL url = ImageIconDemo.class.getResource("猫咪4.jpg");

        ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);//命名不要冲突
        label.setIcon(imageIcon);
        label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);

        Container container = getContentPane();
        container.add(label);

        setVisible(true);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        setBounds(100,100,200,200);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new ImageIconDemo();
    }
}

3.4. 面板

JPanel

package GUI.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JPanelDemo extends JFrame {
    public JPanelDemo() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        container.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1,10,10));//后面的参数的意思，间距

        //面板的布局状态
        JPanel panel1 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,3));
        JPanel panel2 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,2));
        JPanel panel3 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2,1));
        JPanel panel4 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(3,2));

        panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        panel2.add(new JButton("2"));
        panel2.add(new JButton("2"));
        panel3.add(new JButton("3"));
        panel3.add(new JButton("3"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));

        container.add(panel1);
        container.add(panel2);
        container.add(panel3);
        container.add(panel4);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JPanelDemo();
    }
}

JScrollPanel

package GUI.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
    public JScrollDemo() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //文本域
        JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(20,50);
        textArea.setText("欢迎学习狂神说JAVA");

        //Scroll面板
        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
        container.add(scrollPane);

        this.setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100, 100, 300, 300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JScrollDemo();
    }
}

3.5. 按钮

图片按钮

package GUI.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo01 extends JFrame {

    public JButtonDemo01() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //将一个图片变为一个图标
        URL resource = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("猫咪4.jpg");
        Icon icon = new ImageIcon(resource);

        //把这个图标放在按钮上
        JButton button = new JButton();
        button.setIcon(icon);
        button.setToolTipText("图片按钮");

        container.add(button);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500, 300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo01();
    }
}

单选按钮

package GUI.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo02 extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo02() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //将一个图片变为一个图标
        URL resource = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("猫咪4.jpg");
        Icon icon = new ImageIcon(resource);

        //单选框
        JRadioButton radioButton1 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton01");
        JRadioButton radioButton2 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton02");
        JRadioButton radioButton3 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton03");

        //由于单选框只能选一个，分组
        ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup();
        group.add(radioButton1);
        group.add(radioButton2);
        group.add(radioButton3);

        container.add(radioButton1, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        container.add(radioButton2, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(radioButton3, BorderLayout.SOUTH);


        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500, 300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo02();
    }
}

多选按钮

package GUI.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo03 extends JFrame {

    public JButtonDemo03() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //将一个图片变为一个图标
        URL resource = JButtonDemo03.class.getResource("猫咪4.jpg");
        Icon icon = new ImageIcon(resource);

        //多选框
        JCheckBox checkBox01 = new JCheckBox("checkBox01");
        JCheckBox checkBox02 = new JCheckBox("checkBox02");

        container.add(checkBox01,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(checkBox02,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500, 300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo03();
    }
}

3.6. 列表

下拉框

package GUI.lesson06;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestComboboxDemo01 extends JFrame {
    public TestComboboxDemo01() {

        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        JComboBox status = new JComboBox();

        status.addItem(null);
        status.addItem("正在上映");
        status.addItem("已下架");
        status.addItem("即将上映");

        container.add(status);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestComboboxDemo01();
    }
}

列表框

package GUI.lesson06;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.Vector;

public class TestComboboxDemo02 extends JFrame {
    public TestComboboxDemo02() {

        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //生成列表的内容
        //String[] contents = {"1","2","3"};

        Vector contents = new Vector();
        //列表中需要放入内容
        JList jList = new JList(contents);

        contents.add("zhangsan");
        contents.add("lisi");
        contents.add("wangwu");

        container.add(jList);


        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestComboboxDemo02();
    }
}

应用场景
选择地区，或者一些单个选项
列表，展示信息，一般是动态扩容

3.7. 文本框

文本框

package GUI.lesson06;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.Vector;

public class TestTextDemo01 extends JFrame {
    public TestTextDemo01() {

        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        JTextField textField = new JTextField("hello");
        JTextField textField2 = new JTextField("world", 20);

        container.add(textField,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(textField2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTextDemo01();
    }
}

密码框

package GUI.lesson06;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestTextDemo03 extends JFrame {
    public TestTextDemo03() {

        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //面板
        JPasswordField passwordField = new JPasswordField();//******
        passwordField.setEchoChar('*');

        container.add(passwordField);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTextDemo03();
    }
}

文本域

package GUI.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
    public JScrollDemo() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //文本域
        JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(20,50);
        textArea.setText("欢迎学习狂神说JAVA");

        //Scroll面板
        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
        container.add(scrollPane);

        this.setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100, 100, 300, 300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JScrollDemo();
    }
}

C/S客户端和服务器（C++）
B/S浏览器和服务器（Java）

4. 贪吃蛇

帧：如果时间片足够小，就是动画，一秒30帧 60帧。拆开就是静态的图片！
键盘监听：
定时器：Timer

启动

package snake;

import javax.swing.*;

//游戏的主启动类
public class StartGame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        JFrame frame = new JFrame();

        frame.setBounds(10,10,900,720);
        frame.setResizable(false);//窗口大小不可变
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        //正常的游戏界面都应该在面板上
        frame.add(new GamePanel());

        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

数据中心

package snake;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.net.URL;

//数据中心
public class Data {

    //相对路径 猫咪4.jpg
    //绝对路径 相当于当前的项目
    public static URL headerURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/header.png");
    public static ImageIcon header = new ImageIcon(headerURL);

    public static URL upURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/up.png");
    public static URL downURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/down.png");
    public static URL leftURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/left.png");
    public static URL rightURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/right.png");
    public static ImageIcon up = new ImageIcon(upURL);
    public static ImageIcon down = new ImageIcon(downURL);
    public static ImageIcon left = new ImageIcon(leftURL);
    public static ImageIcon right = new ImageIcon(rightURL);

    public static URL bodyURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/body.png");
    public static ImageIcon body = new ImageIcon(bodyURL);

    public static URL foodURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/food.png");
    public static ImageIcon food = new ImageIcon(foodURL);

}

游戏的面板

package snake;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;
import java.util.Random;

//游戏的面板
public class GamePanel extends JPanel implements KeyListener, ActionListener {//使用内部类来实现监听事件

    //定义蛇的数据结构
    int length; //蛇的长度
    int[] snakeX = new int[600];//蛇的x坐标
    int[] snakeY = new int[600];//蛇的y坐标
    String fx;//初始方向向右

    //食物的坐标
    int foodx, foody;
    Random random = new Random();

    int score;//成绩

    //游戏当前的状态：开始 停止
    boolean isStart = false;//默认不开始

    boolean isFail = false;//默认游戏是失败的

    //定时器 以毫秒为单位 1000ms = 1s
    Timer timer = new Timer(100, this); //100毫秒执行一次


    //构造器
    public GamePanel() {
        init();
        //获得焦点和键盘事件
        this.setFocusable(true); //获得焦点事件
        this.addKeyListener(this); //获得键盘监听事件
        timer.start(); //游戏一开始定时器就启动
    }

    //初始化方法
    public void init() {
        length = 3;
        snakeX[0] = 100; snakeY[0] = 100;//脑袋的坐标
        snakeX[1] = 75; snakeY[1] = 100;//第一个身体的坐标
        snakeX[2] = 50; snakeY[2] = 100;//第二个身体的坐标
        fx = "R";
        //把实物随机分布在界面上
        foodx = 25 + 25 * random.nextInt(34);
        foody = 25 + 25 * random.nextInt(24);

        score = 0;
    }

    //绘制面板，游戏中的所有东西都使用这个画笔来实现
    @Override
    protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
        super.paintComponents(g); //作用：清屏，防止闪屏闪烁
        //绘制静态的面板
        this.setBackground(Color.WHITE);
        Data.header.paintIcon(this, g, 25, 11); //头部广告栏画上去
        g.fillRect(25, 75, 850, 600); //默认的游戏界面

        //画积分
        g.setColor(Color.white);
        g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD, 18));
        g.drawString("长度 " + length, 750, 35);
        g.drawString("分数 " + score, 750, 50);

        //画食物
        Data.food.paintIcon(this, g, foodx, foody);

        //把小蛇画上去
        if(fx.equals("R")) {
            Data.right.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[0], snakeY[0]); //蛇头初始化向右，需要通过方向来判断
        }else if(fx.equals("L")) {
            Data.left.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[0], snakeY[0]); //蛇头初始化向左，需要通过方向来判断
        }else if(fx.equals("U")) {
            Data.up.paintIcon( this, g, snakeX[0], snakeY[0]); //蛇头初始化向上，需要通过方向来判断
        }else if(fx.equals("D")) {
            Data.down.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[0], snakeY[0]); //蛇头初始化向下，需要通过方向来判断
        }

        for(int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
            Data.body.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[i], snakeY[i]); //第一个身体的坐标
        }

        //游戏状态
        if(isStart == false) {
            g.setColor(Color.white);
            g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD, 40));
            g.drawString("按下空格开始游戏", 300, 300);
        }

        if(isFail) {
            g.setColor(Color.RED);
            g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD, 40));
            g.drawString("失败，按下空格重新开始", 300, 300);
        }
    }

    //键盘监听事件
    @Override
    public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
        int keyCode = e.getKeyCode(); //获得键盘按键是哪一个


        if(keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_SPACE) { //如果按下的是空格键
            if(isFail) {
                //重新开始
                isFail = false;
                init();
            }else{
                isStart = !isStart; //取反
            }
            repaint();
        }
        //小蛇移动
        if(keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP) {
            fx = "U";
        }else if(keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_DOWN) {
            fx = "D";
        }else if(keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_LEFT) {
            fx = "L";
        }else if(keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT) {
            fx = "R";
        }
    }

    //事件监听--需要通过固定事件来刷新，1s=10次
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        if(isStart && isFail == false) { //如果游戏是开始状态，就让小蛇动起来

            if(snakeX[0] == foodx && snakeY[0] == foody) {
                length++; //长度 + 1
                score += 10; //分数 + 10
                //再次随机食物
                foodx = 25 + 25 * random.nextInt(34);
                foody = 75 + 25 * random.nextInt(24);
            }

            //右移
            for(int i = length - 1; i > 0; i--) {//后一节移到前一节的位置 snakeX[1]=snakeX[0];
                snakeX[i] = snakeX[i - 1];
                snakeY[i] = snakeY[i - 1];
            }
            //走向
            if(fx.equals("R")) {
                snakeX[0] += 25;
                if (snakeX[0] > 850) {
                    snakeX[0] = 25;
                }
            }else if(fx.equals("L")){
                snakeX[0] -= 25;
                if (snakeX[0] < 25) {
                    snakeX[0] = 850;
                }
            }else if(fx.equals("U")){
                snakeY[0] -= 25;
                if (snakeY[0] < 75) {
                    snakeY[0] = 650;
                }
            }else if(fx.equals("D")){
                snakeY[0] += 25;
                if (snakeY[0] > 650) {
                    snakeY[0] = 75;
                }
            }

            //失败判定 撞到自己就算失败
            for(int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
                if(snakeX[0] == snakeX[i] && snakeY[0] == snakeY[i]) {
                    isFail = true;
                }
            }

            repaint();//重画页面
        }
        timer.start();//定时器开启
    }

    @Override
    public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {}
    @Override
    public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {}

}