安装dlib包报错解决

鷇韩

已于 2024-03-17 21:18:20 修改

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分类专栏：问题记录文章标签：学习 python

于 2024-03-15 12:16:56 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_73701759/article/details/136735718

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文章讲述了用户在尝试在Windows环境下使用pip安装dlib时遇到的错误，主要问题是缺少VisualStudioC++编译器。给出了三种可能的解决方案：安装VisualStudio，更新CMake，或者直接下载预编译的.whl文件。

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安装dlib出现以下问题

(suanfa) PS D:\file\code> pip install dlib
Collecting dlib
  Downloading dlib-19.24.2.tar.gz (11.8 MB)
     ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 11.8/11.8 MB 3.5 MB/s eta 0:00:00
  Installing build dependencies ... done
  Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
  Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) ... done
Building wheels for collected packages: dlib
  Building wheel for dlib (pyproject.toml) ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error
  
  × Building wheel for dlib (pyproject.toml) did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [73 lines of output]
      running bdist_wheel
      running build
      running build_ext
      <string>:125: DeprecationWarning: distutils Version classes are deprecated. Use packaging.version instead.
      Building extension for Python 3.9.18 (main, Sep 11 2023, 14:09:26) [MSC v.1916 64 bit (AMD64)]
      Invoking CMake setup: 'cmake C:\Users\13301\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-0krv98w2\dlib_d734e3d0865e402592f3db3e3fb65f7c\tools\python -DCMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY=C:\Users\13301\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-0krv98w2\dl
ib_d734e3d0865e402592f3db3e3fb65f7c\build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-39 -DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=E:\Anaconda\envs\suanfa\python.exe -DCMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY_RELEASE=C:\Users\13301\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-0krv98w2\dlib_d734e3d0865e402592f3db3e3fb65f7c\build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-39 -A x64'
      -- Building for: NMake Makefiles
      CMake Error at CMakeLists.txt:5 (message):



        !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!


        You must use Visual Studio to build a python extension on windows.  If you
        are getting this error it means you have not installed Visual C++.  Note
        that there are many flavors of Visual Studio, like Visual Studio for C#
        development.  You need to install Visual Studio for C++.


        !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!




      -- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
      Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "E:\Anaconda\envs\suanfa\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pyproject_hooks\_in_process\_in_process.py", line 353, in <module>
          main()
        File "E:\Anaconda\envs\suanfa\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pyproject_hooks\_in_process\_in_process.py", line 335, in main
          json_out['return_val'] = hook(**hook_input['kwargs'])
        File "E:\Anaconda\envs\suanfa\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pyproject_hooks\_in_process\_in_process.py", line 251, in build_wheel
          return _build_backend().build_wheel(wheel_directory, config_settings,
        File "C:\Users\13301\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-ptouojkc\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\build_meta.py", line 410, in build_wheel
          return self._build_with_temp_dir(
        File "C:\Users\13301\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-ptouojkc\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\build_meta.py", line 395, in _build_with_temp_dir
          self.run_setup()
        File "C:\Users\13301\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-ptouojkc\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\build_meta.py", line 311, in run_setup
          exec(code, locals())
        File "<string>", line 218, in <module>
        File "C:\Users\13301\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-ptouojkc\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\__init__.py", line 104, in setup
          return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
        File "C:\Users\13301\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-ptouojkc\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\core.py", line 185, in setup
          return run_commands(dist)
        File "C:\Users\13301\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-ptouojkc\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\core.py", line 201, in run_commands
          dist.run_commands()
        File "C:\Users\13301\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-ptouojkc\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\dist.py", line 969, in run_commands
          self.run_command(cmd)
        File "C:\Users\13301\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-ptouojkc\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\dist.py", line 967, in run_command
          super().run_command(command)
        File "C:\Users\13301\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-ptouojkc\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\dist.py", line 988, in run_command
          cmd_obj.run()
        File "C:\Users\13301\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-ptouojkc\overlay\Lib\site-packages\wheel\bdist_wheel.py", line 368, in run
          self.run_command("build")
        File "C:\Users\13301\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-ptouojkc\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\cmd.py", line 318, in run_command
          self.distribution.run_command(command)
        File "C:\Users\13301\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-ptouojkc\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\dist.py", line 967, in run_command
          super().run_command(command)
        File "C:\Users\13301\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-ptouojkc\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\dist.py", line 988, in run_command
          cmd_obj.run()
        File "C:\Users\13301\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-ptouojkc\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\command\build.py", line 131, in run
          self.run_command(cmd_name)
        File "C:\Users\13301\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-ptouojkc\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\cmd.py", line 318, in run_command
          self.distribution.run_command(command)
        File "C:\Users\13301\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-ptouojkc\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\dist.py", line 967, in run_command
          super().run_command(command)
        File "C:\Users\13301\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-ptouojkc\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\dist.py", line 988, in run_command
          cmd_obj.run()
        File "<string>", line 130, in run
        File "<string>", line 167, in build_extension
        File "E:\Anaconda\envs\suanfa\lib\subprocess.py", line 373, in check_call
          raise CalledProcessError(retcode, cmd)
      subprocess.CalledProcessError: Command '['cmake', 'C:\\Users\\13301\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-0krv98w2\\dlib_d734e3d0865e402592f3db3e3fb65f7c\\tools\\python', '-DCMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY=C:\\Users\\13301\\AppDa
ta\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-0krv98w2\\dlib_d734e3d0865e402592f3db3e3fb65f7c\\build\\lib.win-amd64-cpython-39', '-DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=E:\\Anaconda\\envs\\suanfa\\python.exe', '-DCMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY_RELEASE=C:\\Users\\13301\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-0krv98w2\\dlib_d734e3d0865e402592f3db3e3fb65f7c\\build\\lib.win-amd64-cpython-39', '-A', 'x64']' returned non-zero exit status 1.
      [end of output]

  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for dlib
Failed to build dlib
ERROR: Could not build wheels for dlib, which is required to install pyproject.toml-based projects

经了解，可能是由于缺少依赖项或配置不正确导致的。具体的错误消息指出在Windows上构建Python扩展需要安装Visual Studio C++。

方法一：(麻烦，不想用）

安装Visual Studio：确保你的系统上已经安装了Visual Studio。你可以从微软官方网站下载安装。选择与你系统配置相符的版本。
验证Visual C++安装：在安装完Visual Studio后，确保已经安装了Visual C++组件。打开Visual Studio Installer，选择你已安装的Visual Studio版本，检查是否安装了"Desktop development with C++"工作负载。如果没有安装，请执行安装。
更新CMake：更新你的CMake版本到最新版。你可以从CMake官方网站下载安装。
设置环境：如果你使用Anaconda，确保在运行pip install dlib命令之前先激活你的suanfa环境。你可以通过运行以下命令来完成：
```
conda activate suanfa
```
重试安装：完成上述步骤后，再次运行pip install dlib命令来重新安装dlib。

方法二：

conda install -c https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge dlib

我的电脑有anaconda，所以进入对应环境，用命令行直接下载

方法三：

配置文件下载，whl直接下载也挺方便的，刚学Python下载dlib用过，记录一下

Links for dlib (pypi.org)从这个网站下载

如果单击下载不上，使用下图右键打开

之后就直接下载了

之后进入命令行进入对应环境下载

pip intall F:\13301\下载\dlib-19.8.1-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl

将F:\13301\下载\dlib-19.8.1-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl修改为自己的路径即可

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安装dlib包报错解决

验证Visual C++安装：在安装完Visual Studio后，确保已经安装了Visual C++组件。打开Visual Studio Installer，选择你已安装的Visual Studio版本，检查是否安装了"Desktop development with C++"工作负载。安装Visual Studio：确保你的系统上已经安装了Visual Studio。更新CMake：更新你的CMake版本到最新版。配置文件下载，whl直接下载也挺方便的，刚学Python下载dlib用过，记录一下。
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