HCIA的复习
实验拓扑图:
实验要求:
1、R6为ISP,接口IP地址均为公有地址,该设备只能配置IP地址,之后不能再对其进行任何配置;
2、R1-R5为局域网,私有IP地址192.168.1.0/24,请合理分配;
3、R1、R2、R4,各有两个环回IP地址;R5,R6各有一个环回地址;所有路由器上环回均代表连接用户的接口;
4、R3下面的两台PC通过DHCP自动获取IP地址;
5、选路最佳,路由表尽量小,避免环路;
6、R1-R5均可以访问R6的环回;
7、R6 telnet R5的公有地址时,实际登录到R1上;
8、R4与R5正常通过1000M链路,故障时通过100m链路;
实验思路:
- 我们基于192.168.1.0/24去划分IP地址;
(1) 主网段IP在192.168.1.0/30里:
192.168.1.0/30
192.168.1.4/30
192.168.1.8/30
192.168.1.12/30
192.168.1.16/30
192.168.1.20/30
- 各个路由器的回环接口IP在192.168.1.0/27里:
192.168.1.32/27
192.168.1.64/27
192.168.1.96/27
192.168.1.128/27
192.168.1.160/27
- 划分完IP后我们对每个接口进行IP配置;
- IP配置后,进行R3的DHCP配置,使PC1,PC2自动获得IP;
- 之后我们配置各个路由器的静态路由;
- 配置R4与R5之间的链路聚合,使R4与R5正常通过1000M链路,故障时通过100m链路;
- 在配置EASY IP 技术,使私网与公网互通;
- 最后配置R6 telnet R5的公有地址时,实际登录到R1上;
实验步骤:
1.IP配置:
R1:<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]undo info en
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]int g0/0/0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.1 30
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.9 30
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[Huawei]int loop 0
[Huawei-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.33 28
[Huawei-LoopBack0]int loop 1
[Huawei-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.49 28
R2:
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]undo info en
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]int g0/0/0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.2 30
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.5 30
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[Huawei]int loop 0
[Huawei-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.65 28
[Huawei-LoopBack0]int loop 1
[Huawei-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.81 28
R3:
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]undo info en
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]int g0/0/0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.10 30
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.13 30
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[Huawei]int g0/0/2
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 192.168.1.97 27
R4:
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]undo info en
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]int g0/0/0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.6 30
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.14 30
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 192.168.1.17 30
[Huawei]int g4/0/0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.21 30
[Huawei]int loop 0
[Huawei-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.129 28
[Huawei-LoopBack0]int loop 1
[Huawei-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.145 28
R5:
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]undo info en
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]int g0/0/0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.18 30
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.22 30
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int loop 0
[Huawei-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.161 27
oopBack0]int g0/0/2
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 12.0.0.1 24
R6:
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]undo info en
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]int g0/0/0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.0.0.2 24
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int loop 0
[Huawei-LoopBack0]ip add 1.1.1.1 24
结果:
- 配置DHCP:
R3:
[Huawei]dhcp en
[Huawei]ip pool dhcp1
net 192.168.1.96 mask 255.255.255.224
gateway-list 192.168.1.97
[Huawei]int g0/0/2
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]dhcp select global
PC1:
PC2:
- 静态路由配置:
R1:
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.2
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.2
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.2
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.2
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.2
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.2
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.2
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.10
[Huawei]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.10
[Huawei]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.2
R2:
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.1
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.1
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.1
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.6
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.6
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.6
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.6
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.6
[Huawei]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.6
[Huawei]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.
R3:
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.9
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.9
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.9
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.14
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.14
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.14
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.14
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.14
[Huawei]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.14
[Huawei]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.9
R4:
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.5
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.5
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.5
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.13
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.13
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.18
[Huawei]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.18
[Huawei]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22
R5:
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 192.168.1.17
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 192.168.1.21
[Huawei]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.17
4.防止回环:
R1:
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 null 0
R2:
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 null 0
R4:
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 null 0
结果:
4.R4与R5链路配置;
R4:
[Huawei]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.21 preference 61
R5:
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.21 preference 61
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.21 preference 61
- R5的ACL配置:
[Huawei]acl 2000
[Huawei-acl-basic-2000]rule 10 permit source 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
[Huawei-acl-basic-2000]int g0/0/2
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]nat outbound 2000
- R6telnetR5,实际登录R1;
R1:
[Huawei]aaa
[Huawei-aaa]local-user lcl privilege level 15 password cipher 123456
Info: Add a new user.
[Huawei-aaa]local-user lcl service-type telnet
[Huawei-aaa]user-interface vty 0 4
[Huawei-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode aaa
R5:
[Huawei]int g0/0/2
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]nat server protocol tcp global current-interface 23 inside 192.168.1.1 23
Warning:The port 23 is well-known port. If you continue it may cause function failure.
Are you sure to continue?[Y/N]:y
测试: