每天一个设计模式之中介者模式（Mediator Pattern）

中介者模式提供一个中间类，用于处理其他不同类之间的通信，其他类对象之间不需要显示地相互引用，从而使其松散耦合。典型的例子——星形网络。

一、UML类图

二、代码示例

中介者-接口

public interface Mediator {
    void register(Colleague colleague);
    void unregister(Colleague colleague);
}

中介者-实现类

public class NetworkMediator implements Mediator {
    private List<Colleague> colleagueList = new ArrayList<>();
    @Override
    public void register(Colleague colleague) {
        for (Colleague other : colleagueList) {
            if (other != null) other.receiveRegisterNotification(colleague);
        }
        colleagueList.add(colleague);
    }

    @Override
    public void unregister(Colleague colleague) {
        colleagueList.remove(colleague);
        for (Colleague other : colleagueList) {
            if (other != null) other.receiveUnRegisterNotification(colleague);
        }
    }
}

参与者-接口

public abstract class Colleague {
    private Mediator mediator;
    private String name;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Colleague{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }

    public Colleague(Mediator mediator, String name) {
        this.mediator = mediator;
        this.name = name;
    }

    public abstract void receiveRegisterNotification(Colleague colleague);
    public abstract void receiveUnRegisterNotification(Colleague colleague);
}

参与者-实现类

public class ComputerColleague extends Colleague {
    private Mediator mediator;
    public ComputerColleague(Mediator mediator, String name) {
        super(mediator, name);
    }

    @Override
    public void receiveRegisterNotification(Colleague colleague) {
        System.out.println("New computer register event with name: " + colleague + "; received @"+this);
    }

    @Override
    public void receiveUnRegisterNotification(Colleague colleague) {
        System.out.println("Computer left unregister event with name: " + colleague + "; received @"+this);
    }
}

客户类

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Mediator mediator = new NetworkMediator();
        ComputerColleague computer_a = new ComputerColleague(mediator, "computer A");
        ComputerColleague computer_b = new ComputerColleague(mediator, "computer B");
        ComputerColleague computer_c = new ComputerColleague(mediator, "computer C");
        mediator.register(computer_a);
        mediator.register(computer_b);
        mediator.register(computer_c);

        mediator.unregister(computer_b);
    }
}

测试结果

New computer register event with name: Colleague{name='computer B'}; received @Colleague{name='computer A'}
New computer register event with name: Colleague{name='computer C'}; received @Colleague{name='computer A'}
New computer register event with name: Colleague{name='computer C'}; received @Colleague{name='computer B'}
Computer left unregister event with name: Colleague{name='computer B'}; received @Colleague{name='computer A'}
Computer left unregister event with name: Colleague{name='computer B'}; received @Colleague{name='computer C'}

Process finished with exit code 0

三、补充说明

这种模式，过于中心化，中介者封装了所有的通信逻辑，容易变得过于复杂。

四、参考

1. https://www.runoob.com/design-pattern/mediator-pattern.html
2. https://www.tutorialspoint.com/design_pattern/mediator_pattern.htm
3. https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/mediator-design-pattern/

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设计模式系列博文导航

一、创建型 - 5种

原型模式（Prototype Pattern）
抽象工厂模式（Abstract Factory Pattern）
建造者模式（Builder Pattern）
工厂模式（Factory Pattern）
单例模式（Singleton Pattern）

助记语：原抽建工单

二、结构型 - 8种

享元模式（Flyweight Pattern）
代理模式（Proxy Pattern）
适配器模式（Adapter Pattern）
外观模式（Facade Pattern）

过滤器模式（Filter/Criteria Pattern）
桥接模式（Bridge Pattern）
组合模式（Composite Pattern）
装饰器模式（Decorator Pattern）

助记语：想呆室外，过桥组装

三、行为型 - 11种

责任链模式（Chain of Responsibility Pattern）
命令模式（Command Pattern）
解释器模式（Interpreter Pattern）
中介者模式（Mediator Pattern）
迭代器模式（Iterator Pattern）

观察者模式（Observer Pattern）
策略模式（Strategy Pattern）
状态模式（State Pattern）

备忘录模式（Memento Pattern）
模板方法模式（Template Pattern）
访问者模式（Visitor Pattern）

助记语：责令解中谍，观测状被模仿