IO流(Stream流)

一，获取Stream流

1. list,set
2. map(先获取keys 或 values 或 entry对象)
3. 数组（Arrays.stream(arr) 或 Stream.of(arr)）

二，常用方法

1. filter() //过滤
2. sorted() //排序
3. limit(int a) //取前a个元素
4. skip(int a) //跳过a个元素
5. distinct()
6. concat(stream1,stream2) //合并流
7. map() //改变元素类型
8. count() //统计个数 , 返回long类型

 list.stream().filter(student -> student.getScore()>60)
                //.sorted((o1,o2) -> Double.compare(o2.getScore(),o1.getScore()))
                .map(student -> student.getName())
                .distinct()
                //.skip(list.size() - 2)
                .forEach(System.out::println);

1. Stream.of(str) //创建Stream流

 Stream<String> stream1 = Stream.of("一", "二", "三");
        Stream<String> stream2 = Stream.of("四", "五", "六");
        Stream.concat(stream1,stream2).forEach(s -> System.out.println(s));

1. max() //取最大值,返回一个Optional对象

       //把student对象包裹起来，防止对象为空，报空指针异常
        Optional<Student> max = list.stream().max((o1, o2) -> Double.compare(o1.getScore(), o2.getScore()));

       /* Student student = max.get();
        System.out.println(student);*/

        max.ifPresent(student1 -> System.out.println(student1));  //判断max是否为空，不为空则打印student

1. collect（Collectors.toList()） //将流中的元素放入一个新的集合(list,set,map)中去

 Map<String, Double> map = list.stream().filter(s -> s.getScore() > 70)
                .collect(Collectors.toMap(k -> k.getName(), v -> v.getScore()));
        
        map.forEach((k, v) -> System.out.println("k:" + k + " v:" + v));

        list.stream().filter(s -> s.getScore() > 70).collect(Collectors.toMap(new Function<Student, String>() {
            @Override
            public String apply(Student student) {
                return student.getName();
            }
        }, new Function<Student, Double>() {
            @Override
            public Double apply(Student student) {
                return student.getScore();
            }
        }));

三，对字符串数组排序

 List<Integer> list = Arrays.stream(strs)
                    .map(s1 -> Integer.valueOf(s1))
                    .sorted((i1, i2) -> i2 - i1)
                    .collect(Collectors.toList());