使用STM32F407ZGT6的I2S驱动麦克风模块INMP441

INMP441接收

INMP441是一款高性能，低功耗，数字输出，带底部端口的全向MEMS麦克风。该完整的INMP441解决方案由一个MEMS传感器，信号组成调节，模数转换器，抗混叠滤波器，电源管理和行业标准的24位I²S接口。I²S接口允许INMP441直接连接到数字处理器，如DSP和微控制器，无需使用用于系统中的音频编解码器。INMP441具有高信噪比，是一款出色的选择近场应用。 INMP441具有扁平宽带频率响应，导致自然声音高清晰度。

接口定义：

SCK： I²S接口的串行数据时钟
WS ： 用于I²S接口的串行数据字选择
L/R： 左/右声道选择。
设置为低电平时，麦克风在I²S帧的左声道输出信号。
设置为高电平时，麦克风在右声道输出信号
SD： I²S接口的串行数据输出。
VCC： 输入电源，1.8V至3.3V.
GND: 电源地

使用SerialPlot 软件显示

CUBEMX配置

开启串口

开启I2S

代码编写

/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "dma.h"
#include "i2s.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "gpio.h"

/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include "stdio.h"
#include "control.h"
/* USER CODE END Includes */

/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */
uint8_t		Res,buf,flag=0;

/* USER CODE END PTD */

/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */

/* USER CODE END PD */

/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */

int fputc(int c,FILE* s)
{
	HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1,(const uint8_t*)&c,1,0xFFFF );
	return c;
}

/* USER CODE END PM */

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/

/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */

uint32_t dma[4];
uint32_t va124;

int va132;
/* USER CODE END PV */

/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */

/* USER CODE END PFP */

/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
unsigned cb_cnt=0;

//I2S接受完成回调函数
void HAL_I2S_RxCpltCallback(I2S_HandleTypeDef *hi2s){
	if(hi2s == &hi2s2){
		cb_cnt++;
		va124 = (dma[0]<<8)+(dma[1]>>8);
		if(va124 & 0x800000){
			va132 = 0xff000000 | va124;
		}
		else{
			va132 = va124;
		}
		//以采样频率的十分之一，串口发送采样值
		if(cb_cnt%10 == 0){
			printf("%d\r\n",va132/32);
		}
		//if(flag==2)
		//HAL_I2S_DMAStop(&hi2s2);
		HAL_I2S_Receive(&hi2s2,(uint16_t*)dma,4,100);
		
	}
}
/* USER CODE END 0 */

/**
  * @brief  The application entry point.
  * @retval int
  */
int main(void)
{

  /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */

  /* USER CODE END 1 */

  /* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/

  /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
  HAL_Init();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */

  /* USER CODE END Init */

  /* Configure the system clock */
  SystemClock_Config();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */

  /* USER CODE END SysInit */

  /* Initialize all configured peripherals */
  MX_GPIO_Init();
  MX_DMA_Init();
  MX_USART1_UART_Init();
  MX_I2S2_Init();
  MX_USART2_UART_Init();
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
	//HAL_I2S_Receive_DMA(&hi2s2,(uint16_t*)dma,4);	
	HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart2, &Res, 1); //用于开启中断
	HAL_I2S_Receive_DMA(&hi2s2,(uint16_t*)dma,4);	
  /* USER CODE END 2 */

  /* Infinite loop */
  /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
while (1)
{
    HAL_Delay(10);
    
  /* USER CODE END 3 */
}

/**
  * @brief System Clock Configuration
  * @retval None
  */
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};

  /** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage
  */
  __HAL_RCC_PWR_CLK_ENABLE();
  __HAL_PWR_VOLTAGESCALING_CONFIG(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1);

  /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
  * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
  */
  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = 4;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 168;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = RCC_PLLP_DIV2;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = 4;
  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

  /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
  */
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV4;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;

  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_5) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */

/* USER CODE END 4 */

/**
  * @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
  * @retval None
  */
void Error_Handler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
  __disable_irq();
  while (1)
  {
  }
  /* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}

#ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
  * @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
  *         where the assert_param error has occurred.
  * @param  file: pointer to the source file name
  * @param  line: assert_param error line source number
  * @retval None
  */
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
     ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
  /* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */

参考文献：使用STM32的I2S协议读取麦克风INMP441

2024年9月20日补充
发现版本之间的问题
https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1m4e1eQERC/
最后因为需要使用到sd卡存储 INMP441一直在采集数据 创建单个.txt文件的时候并不会产生错误 但是需要先创建文件夹 再在文件夹中进行写入.txt文件的时候就出现的问题
解决 方法 将INMP441在创建文件夹时候进行停止

 	//DMA传输中止
				HAL_DMA_Abort(hi2s2.hdmarx);
    //DMA传输开启 I2S重启
				MX_DMA_Init();
				MX_I2S2_Init();
				HAL_I2S_Receive_DMA(&hi2s2,(uint16_t*)dma,4);