本文介绍了偏微分方程（PDE）在声、热、电等领域的重要应用，并探讨了三种数值求解PDE的方法：有限差分法、插值 collocation 法和 galerkin 方法。在Maple软件中，这些方法被用于近似导数和构建离散化模型。通过选择合适的基函数和插值点，可以将PDE转化为常微分方程组，进而利用最小二乘误差准则进行求解。提供的Maple计算文件展示了具体实现过程。
偏微分方程PDE通常用于描述各种各样的现象，例如声、热、电、电动力学、弹性力学、流体力学等。
计算环境：Maple 2015 - Maple 2021
下载Maple计算文件
Finite difference method
approximate differential equations using finite difference equations to approximate derivatives
Collocation method
uses a finite-dimensional space of basis functions and collocation points to approximate PDEs
Galerkin’s technique
uses orthogonality of a set of basis function to turn PDEs into coupled sets of ODEs
Finite difference method
The derivatives of the PDE are approximated by linear combinations of function values at the structured grid points, using a Taylor series expansion
Collocation method
Define the basis function (usually polynomials) and approximate solution:
Calculate residual function by substituting the candidate function into the original PDE
Choose the collocation points at which the candidate function must exactly match
Galerkin’s method
Define the basis function (usually orthogonal polynomials) and approximate solution as
Calculate residual function by substituting the candidate function into the original PDE
Minimize the residual using Least Squares Error
Maple中的计算文件：
基于PDE的应用示例：
电池数学模型白皮书
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