oc——类——体系结构

类体系结构

类核心数据结构

objc_class&Class

struct objc_class {
    Class isa  OBJC_ISA_AVAILABILITY;

#if !__OBJC2__
    Class super_class                                        OBJC2_UNAVAILABLE;
    const char *name                                         OBJC2_UNAVAILABLE;
    long version                                             OBJC2_UNAVAILABLE;
    long info                                                OBJC2_UNAVAILABLE;
    long instance_size                                       OBJC2_UNAVAILABLE;
    struct objc_ivar_list *ivars                             OBJC2_UNAVAILABLE;
    struct objc_method_list **methodLists                    OBJC2_UNAVAILABLE;
    struct objc_cache *cache                                 OBJC2_UNAVAILABLE;
    struct objc_protocol_list *protocols                     OBJC2_UNAVAILABLE;
#endif

} OBJC2_UNAVAILABLE;
/* Use `Class` instead of `struct objc_class *` */

/// An opaque type that represents an Objective-C class.
typedef struct objc_class *Class;

objc_object&id

/// Represents an instance of a class.
struct objc_object {
    Class isa  OBJC_ISA_AVAILABILITY;
};

/// A pointer to an instance of a class.
typedef struct objc_object *id;

NSObject

@interface NSObject <NSObject> {
    Class isa  OBJC_ISA_AVAILABILITY;
}

//...
//...

@end

总结

• objc_class&Class是class object(class object&meta-class object)核心数据结构，class object&meta-class object类型相同，但内容不同
• objc_object&id是instance object核心数据结构，第1个数据成员固定为Class isa(指向class object)，相对于instance object首地址offset为0
• NSObject是对objc_object的封装，第1个数据成员固定为Class isa(指向class object)，相对于instance object首地址offset为0，oc类直接或间接继承自NSObject(root)
• instance object指针本质是id类型，但instance object会根据对应类定义做编译期检查，而id类型不做编译期检查，oc类所有方法都是运行期bind
• objc_object&NSObject的Class isa指向class object，class object的Class isa指向meta-class object，meta-class object的Class isa指向root meta-class object
• class object的super_class指向super class object，meta-class object的super_class指向super meta-class object，root class object的super_class指向Nil，root meta-class object的super_class指向root class object
• instance method(-)调用通过instance object的Class isa找到对应class object，在class object methodLists中search对应SEL的Method，找到就根据Method中的IMP调用对应函数，没有找到就循着super_class一直search，找到就调用，一直到super_class为Nil，search terminate，抛出异常或者crash
• class method(+)调用通过class object的Class isa找到对应meta-class object，在meta-class object methodLists中search对应SEL的Method，找到就根据Method中的IMP调用对应函数，没有找到就循着super_class一直search，找到就调用，一直到super_class为Nil，search terminate，抛出异常或者crash

应用

@interface FBAnimal : NSObject

@end

@implementation FBAnimal

@end

@interface FBDog : FBAnimal

@end

@implementation FBDog

@end

- (void)class_arch
{
    NSObject *obj1 = [[NSObject alloc] init];
    NSObject *obj2 = [[NSObject alloc] init];
    Class obj1_isa = [obj1 class];
    Class obj2_isa = [obj2 class];
    Class objClsObj = [NSObject class];
    NSLog(@"obj1_isa = %p, obj2_isa = %p, objClsObj = %p", obj1_isa, obj2_isa, objClsObj);
    
    Class objMetaClsObj = object_getClass(objClsObj);
    Class objMetaClsObj_isa = object_getClass(objMetaClsObj);
    NSLog(@"objMetaClsObj = %p, objMetaClsObj_isa = %p", objMetaClsObj, objMetaClsObj_isa);
    
    Class objClsObjSuper = class_getSuperclass(objClsObj);
    Class objMetaClsObjSuper = class_getSuperclass(objMetaClsObj);
    NSLog(@"objClsObjSuper = %p, objMetaClsObjSuper = %p", objClsObjSuper, objMetaClsObjSuper);
    
    FBAnimal *animal1 = [[FBAnimal alloc] init];
    FBAnimal *animal2 = [[FBAnimal alloc] init];
    Class animal1_isa = [animal1 class];
    Class animal2_isa = [animal2 class];
    Class animalClsObj = [FBAnimal class];
    NSLog(@"animal1_isa = %p, animal2_isa = %p, animalClsObj = %p", animal1_isa, animal2_isa, animalClsObj);
    
    Class animalMetaClsObj = object_getClass(animalClsObj);
    Class animalMetaClsObj_isa = object_getClass(animalMetaClsObj);
    NSLog(@"animalMetaClsObj = %p, animalMetaClsObj_isa = %p", animalMetaClsObj, animalMetaClsObj_isa);
    
    Class animalClsObjSuper = class_getSuperclass(animalClsObj);
    Class animalMetaClsObjSuper = class_getSuperclass(animalMetaClsObj);
    NSLog(@"animalClsObjSuper = %p, animalMetaClsObjSuper = %p", animalClsObjSuper, animalMetaClsObjSuper);
    
    FBDog *dog1 = [[FBDog alloc] init];
    FBDog *dog2 = [[FBDog alloc] init];
    Class dog1_isa = [dog1 class];
    Class dog2_isa = [dog2 class];
    Class dogClsObj = [FBDog class];
    NSLog(@"dog1_isa = %p, dog2_isa = %p, dogClsObj = %p", dog1_isa, dog2_isa, dogClsObj);
    
    Class dogMetaClsObj = object_getClass(dogClsObj);
    Class dogMetaClsObj_isa = object_getClass(dogMetaClsObj);
    NSLog(@"dogMetaClsObj = %p, dogMetaClsObj_isa = %p", dogMetaClsObj, dogMetaClsObj_isa);
    
    Class dogClsObjSuper = class_getSuperclass(dogClsObj);
    Class dogMetaClsObjSuper = class_getSuperclass(dogMetaClsObj);
    NSLog(@"dogClsObjSuper = %p, dogMetaClsObjSuper = %p", dogClsObjSuper, dogMetaClsObjSuper);
    
    FBAnimal *unkonwn1 = [[FBDog alloc] init];
    FBAnimal *unkonwn2 = [[FBDog alloc] init];
    Class unkonwn1_isa = [unkonwn1 class];
    Class unkonwn2_isa = [unkonwn2 class];
    Class unkonwnClsObj = [FBDog class];
    NSLog(@"unkonwn1_isa = %p, unkonwn2_isa = %p, unkonwnClsObj = %p", unkonwn1_isa, unkonwn2_isa, unkonwnClsObj);
}

output：

obj1_isa = 0x10ab82170, obj2_isa = 0x10ab82170, objClsObj = 0x10ab82170
objMetaClsObj = 0x10ab82198, objMetaClsObj_isa = 0x10ab82198
objClsObjSuper = 0x0, objMetaClsObjSuper = 0x10ab82170
animal1_isa = 0x10a3221a0, animal2_isa = 0x10a3221a0, animalClsObj = 0x10a3221a0
animalMetaClsObj = 0x10a322178, animalMetaClsObj_isa = 0x10ab82198
animalClsObjSuper = 0x10ab82170, animalMetaClsObjSuper = 0x10ab82198
dog1_isa = 0x10a3221f0, dog2_isa = 0x10a3221f0, dogClsObj = 0x10a3221f0
dogMetaClsObj = 0x10a3221c8, dogMetaClsObj_isa = 0x10ab82198
dogClsObjSuper = 0x10a3221a0, dogMetaClsObjSuper = 0x10a322178
unkonwn1_isa = 0x10a3221f0, unkonwn2_isa = 0x10a3221f0, unkonwnClsObj = 0x10a3221f0