以下是使用Java语言编写的代码：
```
import java.util.*;
class ExamStudent {
String id;
String name;
int chinese;
int math;
int foreignLanguage;
int totalScore;
ExamStudent(String id, String name, int chinese, int math, int foreignLanguage) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.chinese = chinese;
this.math = math;
this.foreignLanguage = foreignLanguage;
this.totalScore = chinese + math + foreignLanguage;
}
public String toString() {
return id + " " + name + " " + chinese + " " + math + " " + foreignLanguage + " " + totalScore;
}
}
class ArtExamStudent extends ExamStudent {
int artScore;
ArtExamStudent(String id, String name, int chinese, int math, int foreignLanguage, int artScore) {
super(id, name, chinese, math, foreignLanguage);
this.artScore = artScore;
this.totalScore += artScore;
}
public String toString() {
return super.toString() + " " + artScore;
}
}
class SportsExamStudent extends ExamStudent {
int sportsScore;
SportsExamStudent(String id, String name, int chinese, int math, int foreignLanguage, int sportsScore) {
super(id, name, chinese, math, foreignLanguage);
this.sportsScore = sportsScore;
this.totalScore += sportsScore;
}
public String toString() {
return super.toString() + " " + sportsScore;
}
}
class ArtsExamStudentComparator implements Comparator<ArtExamStudent> {
public int compare(ArtExamStudent s1, ArtExamStudent s2) {
if (s1.totalScore != s2.totalScore) {
return s2.totalScore - s1.totalScore;
} else if (s1.artScore != s2.artScore) {
return s2.artScore - s1.artScore;
} else {
return s1.id.compareTo(s2.id);
}
}
}
class SportsExamStudentComparator implements Comparator<SportsExamStudent> {
public int compare(SportsExamStudent s1, SportsExamStudent s2) {
if (s1.totalScore != s2.totalScore) {
return s2.totalScore - s1.totalScore;
} else if (s1.sportsScore != s2.sportsScore) {
return s2.sportsScore - s1.sportsScore;
} else {
return s1.id.compareTo(s2.id);
}
}
}
public class ExamStudentTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<ExamStudent> students = new ArrayList<>();
students.add(new ExamStudent("1001", "张三", 90, 80, 70));
students.add(new ExamStudent("1002", "李四", 80, 90, 70));
students.add(new ExamStudent("1003", "王五", 70, 80, 90));
students.add(new ArtExamStudent("2001", "赵六", 90, 80, 70, 85));
students.add(new ArtExamStudent("2002", "钱七", 80, 90, 70, 90));
students.add(new ArtExamStudent("2003", "孙八", 70, 80, 90, 80));
students.add(new SportsExamStudent("3001", "周九", 90, 80, 70, 95));
students.add(new SportsExamStudent("3002", "吴十", 80, 90, 70, 90));
students.add(new SportsExamStudent("3003", "郑十一", 70, 80, 90, 85));
Collections.sort(students, new Comparator<ExamStudent>() {
public int compare(ExamStudent s1, ExamStudent s2) {
if (s1.totalScore != s2.totalScore) {
return s2.totalScore - s1.totalScore;
} else {
return s1.id.compareTo(s2.id);
}
}
});
for (ExamStudent student : students) {
System.out.println(student);
}
}
}
```
在这个程序中，我们定义了一个 ExamStudent 类来表示普通的高考生，还定义了 ArtExamStudent 和 SportsExamStudent 类来表示艺术生和体育生。这些类都继承自 ExamStudent 类，因为它们都有一些共同的属性和方法。
我们还定义了两个比较器类 ArtsExamStudentComparator 和 SportsExamStudentComparator，用于比较艺术生和体育生的总分和专业课成绩。这些比较器类实现了 Comparator 接口，可以用于排序。
在 main 函数中，我们创建了一组不同类别的高考生对象，并将它们存储在一个 List 中。然后，我们使用 Collections.sort 方法对这个 List 进行排序，按照总分由高到低的顺序输出考生信息。对于艺术生和体育生，我们使用自定义的比较器类来排序，以满足题目要求。
最后，我们遍历排序后的 List，输出每个考生的信息。
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