related、relative和relevant表示相关意思时的区别

本文详细解析了related, relative和relevant这三个容易混淆的英语词汇的区别。related强调事物间的关联性或亲属关系;relative则侧重于相对性和亲属含义;而relevant突出的是逻辑上的相关性。

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相同点:均有相关的意思。
不同点:
单词英英解释
related1.connected by kinship, common origin, or marriage
2.being connected either logically or causally or by shared characteristics
1.通过亲属关系、共同起源或婚姻联系起来的
2.在逻辑上或因果上或通过共同的特征联系起来
relative1.estimated by comparison
2.properly related in size or degree or other measurable characteristics
1.通过对比来评估,相对***而言。
2.在大小、程度或其他可测量特性上适当相关的
relevanthaving a bearing on or connection with the subject at issue与问题有关或与主题有联系

1、related:

在作为形容词的时候,字典中的解释有两种, 第一种是指事物之间

有关联的,让我们来一起看看几个例句:

Example
Smoking is specifically related to a large number of lung cancer cases in the UK. 在英国,吸烟是导致大多数肺癌病例的原因。
在这句话中,吸烟和肺癌是有关联的,所以我们可以用 related。
Examples
Today, the company boss talked to the team about possible redundancy and related issues.
今天,公司老板和团队说了裁员的可能性和其相关的一些问题。
Sam works in sales, her salary is all about performance-related pay. Sam 是做销售的,所以她的工资都是与业绩挂钩。
There were two hacker attacks on our computer network in the same week; the police think they may be related.
一周之内我们的电脑系统遭受两次黒客袭击,警方认为是有关联的。

I was told my great-grandfather was distantly related to the royal family.
据我所知,我的祖父和皇室有一点远亲关系。
Peter and I are closely related by marriage; he’s my sister’s husband.
Peter 和我是近亲关系,因为他是我姐夫。

2、relative:

这个词在做为名词的时候,一般指亲属。比如,

Edward is a relative of mine.
爱德华是我的亲属。

Relative 在做为形容词的时候,经常会用于和其他东西或事情相对比。

I’ve been here for sixth months, but I’m a relative newcomer to this company. Everyone else has been working here for years.
我来这家公司已经有 6 个月了,算是这里的新员工,不过其他人都在这儿干了好多年。

relative 常常也会加上 ly,变成副词 relatively,意思是相比之下,相对而言,也是一个常用词。比如:

My mum’s mobile phone is relatively old compared to mine. 我妈妈的手
机和我的手机相比要旧一些了。

3、relevant:

这个词可以理解为从逻辑上讲,是相关的,有联系的。如“相关管理人员,相关负责人,相关部门和相关材料”,这些表达用 relevant 就非常合适。比如:

Please contact the relevant department.
请联系相关部门。
If you have any questions, please contact the relevant personnel.
有疑问,请联系相关负责人。
Please bring all relevant legal documents with you.
请您带上所有相关的法律文件。


总结:

Relative 可以理解为相对而言,它也指亲属。
Relevant 的意思是与目前情况直接相关的。

例题:

  1. Peter asked his assistant to bring all ____ documents to tomorrow’s court hearing.
  2. The police think the two robberies are ____.
  3. When strong cancer treatments are suggested, doctors should consider the ___ risks and benefits of the treatment.

点我看答案

参考:bbc你问我答:Related, relative and relevant 三个“相关的”单词

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