第454题.四数相加II
力扣题目链接(opens new window)
给定四个包含整数的数组列表 A , B , C , D ,计算有多少个元组 (i, j, k, l) ,使得 A[i] + B[j] + C[k] + D[l] = 0。
为了使问题简单化,所有的 A, B, C, D 具有相同的长度 N,且 0 ≤ N ≤ 500 。所有整数的范围在 -2^28 到 2^28 - 1 之间,最终结果不会超过 2^31 - 1 。
例如:
输入:
A = [ 1, 2]
B = [-2,-1]
C = [-1, 2]
D = [ 0, 2]
输出:
2
解释:
两个元组如下:
(0, 0, 0, 1) -> A[0] + B[0] + C[0] + D[1] = 1 + (-2) + (-1) + 2 = 0
(1, 1, 0, 0) -> A[1] + B[1] + C[0] + D[0] = 2 + (-1) + (-1) + 0 = 0
class Solution(object):
def fourSumCount(self, nums1, nums2, nums3, nums4):
# 使用字典存储nums1和nums2中的元素及其和
hashmap = dict()
for n1 in nums1:
for n2 in nums2:
if n1 + n2 in hashmap:
hashmap[n1+n2] += 1
else:
hashmap[n1+n2] = 1
# 如果 -(n1+n2) 存在于nums3和nums4, 存入结果
count = 0
for n3 in nums3:
for n4 in nums4:
key = - n3 - n4
if key in hashmap:
count += hashmap[key]
return count
class Solution(object):
def fourSumCount(self, nums1, nums2, nums3, nums4):
# 使用字典存储nums1和nums2中的元素及其和
hashmap = dict()
for n1 in nums1:
for n2 in nums2:
hashmap[n1+n2] = hashmap.get(n1+n2, 0) + 1
# 如果 -(n1+n2) 存在于nums3和nums4, 存入结果
count = 0
for n3 in nums3:
for n4 in nums4:
key = - n3 - n4
if key in hashmap:
count += hashmap[key]
return count
383. 赎金信
给定一个赎金信 (ransom) 字符串和一个杂志(magazine)字符串,判断第一个字符串 ransom 能不能由第二个字符串 magazines 里面的字符构成。如果可以构成,返回 true ;否则返回 false。
(题目说明:为了不暴露赎金信字迹,要从杂志上搜索各个需要的字母,组成单词来表达意思。杂志字符串中的每个字符只能在赎金信字符串中使用一次。)
注意:
你可以假设两个字符串均只含有小写字母。
canConstruct(“a”, “b”) -> false
canConstruct(“aa”, “ab”) -> false
canConstruct(“aa”, “aab”) -> true
class Solution:
def canConstruct(self, ransomNote: str, magazine: str) -> bool:
ransom_count = [0] * 26
magazine_count = [0] * 26
for c in ransomNote:
ransom_count[ord(c) - ord('a')] += 1
for c in magazine:
magazine_count[ord(c) - ord('a')] += 1
return all(ransom_count[i] <= magazine_count[i] for i in range(26))
from collections import defaultdict
class Solution:
def canConstruct(self, ransomNote: str, magazine: str) -> bool:
hashmap = defaultdict(int)
for x in magazine:
hashmap[x] += 1
for x in ransomNote:
value = hashmap.get(x)
if not value or not value:
return False
else:
hashmap[x] -= 1
return True
class Solution:
def canConstruct(self, ransomNote: str, magazine: str) -> bool:
counts = {}
for c in magazine:
counts[c] = counts.get(c, 0) + 1
for c in ransomNote:
if c not in counts or counts[c] == 0:
return False
counts[c] -= 1
return True
class Solution:
def canConstruct(self, ransomNote: str, magazine: str) -> bool:
return not Counter(ransomNote) - Counter(magazine)
class Solution:
def canConstruct(self, ransomNote: str, magazine: str) -> bool:
return all(ransomNote.count(c) <= magazine.count(c) for c in set(ransomNote))
第15题. 三数之和
力扣题目链接(opens new window)
给你一个包含 n 个整数的数组 nums,判断 nums 中是否存在三个元素 a,b,c ,使得 a + b + c = 0 ?请你找出所有满足条件且不重复的三元组。
注意: 答案中不可以包含重复的三元组。
示例:
给定数组 nums = [-1, 0, 1, 2, -1, -4],
满足要求的三元组集合为: [ [-1, 0, 1], [-1, -1, 2] ]
class Solution:
def threeSum(self, nums: List[int]) -> List[List[int]]:
result = []
nums.sort()
for i in range(len(nums)):
# 如果第一个元素已经大于0,不需要进一步检查
if nums[i] > 0:
return result
# 跳过相同的元素以避免重复
if i > 0 and nums[i] == nums[i - 1]:
continue
left = i + 1
right = len(nums) - 1
while right > left:
sum_ = nums[i] + nums[left] + nums[right]
if sum_ < 0:
left += 1
elif sum_ > 0:
right -= 1
else:
result.append([nums[i], nums[left], nums[right]])
# 跳过相同的元素以避免重复
while right > left and nums[right] == nums[right - 1]:
right -= 1
while right > left and nums[left] == nums[left + 1]:
left += 1
right -= 1
left += 1
return result
第18题. 四数之和
力扣题目链接(opens new window)
题意:给定一个包含 n 个整数的数组 nums 和一个目标值 target,判断 nums 中是否存在四个元素 a,b,c 和 d ,使得 a + b + c + d 的值与 target 相等?找出所有满足条件且不重复的四元组。
注意:
答案中不可以包含重复的四元组。
示例: 给定数组 nums = [1, 0, -1, 0, -2, 2],和 target = 0。 满足要求的四元组集合为: [ [-1, 0, 0, 1], [-2, -1, 1, 2], [-2, 0, 0, 2] ]
class Solution:
def fourSum(self, nums: List[int], target: int) -> List[List[int]]:
nums.sort()
n = len(nums)
result = []
for i in range(n):
if nums[i] > target and nums[i] > 0 and target > 0:# 剪枝(可省)
break
if i > 0 and nums[i] == nums[i-1]:# 去重
continue
for j in range(i+1, n):
if nums[i] + nums[j] > target and target > 0: #剪枝(可省)
break
if j > i+1 and nums[j] == nums[j-1]: # 去重
continue
left, right = j+1, n-1
while left < right:
s = nums[i] + nums[j] + nums[left] + nums[right]
if s == target:
result.append([nums[i], nums[j], nums[left], nums[right]])
while left < right and nums[left] == nums[left+1]:
left += 1
while left < right and nums[right] == nums[right-1]:
right -= 1
left += 1
right -= 1
elif s < target:
left += 1
else:
right -= 1
return result