安卓音频开发（三）pcm转wav

pcm是原始的无损音频数据，但是在安卓手机上，播放起来并不是很方便，这里就演示如何把pcm转为wav。
只需一个工具类即可实现，原理其实很简单，就在pcm文件的文件头，加上wav的文件头属性即可。为什么这么简单还要写，因为网上所找到的答案实在是乱七八糟，什么都有，所以特此记录，直接上代码：

package com.north.light.libaudio.utils;

import android.media.AudioFormat;
import android.media.AudioRecord;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * Created by lzt
 * time 2021/6/9 15:42
 *
 * @author lizhengting
 * 描述：pcm格式的音频转换为wav格式的工具类
 */
public class PcmToWavUtil {
    private int mBufferSize; //缓存的音频大小
    private int mSampleRate = 8000;// 8000|16000
    private int mChannel = AudioFormat.CHANNEL_IN_STEREO; //立体声
    private int mEncoding = AudioFormat.ENCODING_PCM_16BIT;

    private static class SingleHolder {
        static PcmToWavUtil mInstance = new PcmToWavUtil();
    }

    public static PcmToWavUtil getInstance() {
        return SingleHolder.mInstance;
    }


    public PcmToWavUtil() {
        this.mBufferSize = AudioRecord.getMinBufferSize(mSampleRate, mChannel, mEncoding);
    }

    /**
     * @param sampleRate sample rate、采样率
     * @param channel    channel、声道
     * @param encoding   Audio data format、音频格式
     */
    public PcmToWavUtil(int sampleRate, int channel, int encoding) {
        this.mSampleRate = sampleRate;
        this.mChannel = channel;
        this.mEncoding = encoding;
        this.mBufferSize = AudioRecord.getMinBufferSize(mSampleRate, mChannel, mEncoding);
    }

    /**
     * pcm文件转wav文件
     *
     * @param inFilename  源文件路径
     * @param outFilename 目标文件路径
     * @param deleteOrg   是否删除源文件
     */
    public void pcmToWav(String inFilename, String outFilename, boolean deleteOrg) {
        FileInputStream in;
        FileOutputStream out;
        long totalAudioLen;
        long totalDataLen;
        long longSampleRate = mSampleRate;
        int channels = 2;
        long byteRate = 16 * mSampleRate * channels / 8;
        byte[] data = new byte[mBufferSize];
        try {
            in = new FileInputStream(inFilename);
            out = new FileOutputStream(outFilename);
            totalAudioLen = in.getChannel().size();
            totalDataLen = totalAudioLen + 36;

            writeWaveFileHeader(out, totalAudioLen, totalDataLen,
                    longSampleRate, channels, byteRate);
            while (in.read(data) != -1) {
                out.write(data);
            }
            in.close();
            out.close();
            if (deleteOrg) {
                new File(inFilename).delete();
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public void pcmToWav(String inFilename, String outFilename) {
        pcmToWav(inFilename, outFilename, false);
    }

    /**
     * 加入wav文件头
     */
    private void writeWaveFileHeader(FileOutputStream out, long totalAudioLen,
                                     long totalDataLen, long longSampleRate, int channels, long byteRate)
            throws IOException {
        byte[] header = new byte[44];
        header[0] = 'R'; // RIFF/WAVE header
        header[1] = 'I';
        header[2] = 'F';
        header[3] = 'F';
        header[4] = (byte) (totalDataLen & 0xff);
        header[5] = (byte) ((totalDataLen >> 8) & 0xff);
        header[6] = (byte) ((totalDataLen >> 16) & 0xff);
        header[7] = (byte) ((totalDataLen >> 24) & 0xff);
        header[8] = 'W'; //WAVE
        header[9] = 'A';
        header[10] = 'V';
        header[11] = 'E';
        header[12] = 'f'; // 'fmt ' chunk
        header[13] = 'm';
        header[14] = 't';
        header[15] = ' ';
        header[16] = 16; // 4 bytes: size of 'fmt ' chunk
        header[17] = 0;
        header[18] = 0;
        header[19] = 0;
        header[20] = 1; // format = 1
        header[21] = 0;
        header[22] = (byte) channels;
        header[23] = 0;
        header[24] = (byte) (longSampleRate & 0xff);
        header[25] = (byte) ((longSampleRate >> 8) & 0xff);
        header[26] = (byte) ((longSampleRate >> 16) & 0xff);
        header[27] = (byte) ((longSampleRate >> 24) & 0xff);
        header[28] = (byte) (byteRate & 0xff);
        header[29] = (byte) ((byteRate >> 8) & 0xff);
        header[30] = (byte) ((byteRate >> 16) & 0xff);
        header[31] = (byte) ((byteRate >> 24) & 0xff);
        header[32] = (byte) (2 * 16 / 8); // block align
        header[33] = 0;
        header[34] = 16; // bits per sample
        header[35] = 0;
        header[36] = 'd'; //data
        header[37] = 'a';
        header[38] = 't';
        header[39] = 'a';
        header[40] = (byte) (totalAudioLen & 0xff);
        header[41] = (byte) ((totalAudioLen >> 8) & 0xff);
        header[42] = (byte) ((totalAudioLen >> 16) & 0xff);
        header[43] = (byte) ((totalAudioLen >> 24) & 0xff);
        out.write(header, 0, 44);
    }
}

20240626更新
原生产生的PCM文件，转为WAV，主要码率，比特率需要保持一致。才能转换成功。
博主建议的做法，就是直接使用Lame对pcm转换为mp3，不要中间做一层处理了。

that‘s all----------------------------------------------------------------------------------