形态学处理（腐蚀、膨胀和开运算、闭运算、梯度、顶/礼帽、黑帽）

1.腐蚀

操作对象：二值图像（黑/白）

目的：去除图片上的噪声（白色）

原理参考：形态学-腐蚀、膨胀、开操作、闭操作_Fishmemory的博客-CSDN博客

结构A被结构B腐蚀的定义为，

可以理解为，移动结构B，如果结构B与结构A的交集完全属于结构A的区域内，则保存该位置点，所有满足条件的点构成结构A被结构B腐蚀的结果。

 

 接口函数：

cv.erode(	
            src, 
            kernel[, dst[, anchor[, iterations[, borderType[, borderValue]]]]]	
) 


->	dst

参数说明：

src	input image; the number of channels can be arbitrary, but the depth should be one of CV_8U, CV_16U, CV_16S, CV_32F or CV_64F.
dst	output image of the same size and type as src.
kernel	structuring element used for erosion; if element=Mat(), a 3 x 3 rectangular structuring element is used. Kernel can be created using getStructuringElement.
anchor	position of the anchor within the element; default value (-1, -1) means that the anchor is at the element center.
iterations	number of times erosion is applied.
borderType	pixel extrapolation method, see BorderTypes. BORDER_WRAP is not supported.
borderValue	border value in case of a consta