简介
我们在工作中经常需要查询一些流体的物性参数,这些数据虽然往往能在流体物性特性表上找到,但使用起来还是有一些不方便的地方,比如包含的物性参数数量较少、只能查询饱和状态下的参数等。另外,有些单位的技术人员由于水平有限,查询时用的还是查表后手工插值计算的方式,既繁琐又容易出错,影响了工作效率。
使用物性计算软件能完美地解决上述问题。物性计算软件有refprop和CoolProp等,refprop由NIST(美国国家标准与技术研究院)开发,名气很大,其权威性在业内得到了广泛的认可,然而这个软件是收费的,售价不便宜,虽然网上也能找到盗版,但毕竟使用起来有风险,我在这里介绍的是另外一个功能相近,但开源免费的软件:CoolProp。
CoolProp由欧洲一些大学和企业的研究人员开发,根据我个人的比较,其大部分情况下的计算结果与refprop的所差无几,仅仅是小数点后好几位才有点差别。当然,我也遇到过计算不常用介质和混合气体的物性参数时无法计算或计算结果相差较大的情况,这一点请大家知晓。
CoolProp 是一个开源、跨平台、免费的热物理流体属性数据库,其中包括纯流体、伪纯流体和潮湿空气属性。 CoolProp 中几乎所有流体模型都基于亥姆霍兹能量公式,因此可以直接从亥姆霍兹能量的偏导数获得感兴趣的热力学性质。
CoolProp安装
打开cmd命令行,输入:
pip install CoolProp
等待几分钟便可以安装完成;
CoolProp常规使用示例
使用示例1:
# 查询水蒸气的焓值
from CoolProp.CoolProp import PropsSI
a = PropsSI('H','P',1.0E6,'T',500,'Water')
print(a)
# 2891218.298958905
#H代表输出的需要查找的参数,H为焓
#P为压强,T为温度,第二个和第四个参数就是状态
#这个例子就是查询1MPa气压与500K的温度下,水蒸气的焓(如果是液体的话就是液体性质)
使用示例2:
# 查询二氧化碳的焓值
from CoolProp.CoolProp import PropsSI
a = PropsSI('H','P',101325,'T',500,'CO2')
print(a)
# 695244.2188774797
使用示例3:
# 查询水的临界温度 Critical temperature of water
from CoolProp.CoolProp import PropsSI
a = PropsSI("Water", "Tcrit")
print(a)
# 647.096
使用示例4:
# 查询水在101325 Pa下的沸点 Boiling temperature of water at 101325 Pa
from CoolProp.CoolProp import PropsSI
a=PropsSI("T", "P", 101325, "Q", 0, "Water")
print(a)
# 373.1242958476844
使用示例5:
# 查询水在 101325 Pa和300 K时的状态Phase of water at 101325 Pa and 300 K
from CoolProp.CoolProp import PhaseSI
a=PhaseSI("P", 101325, "T", 300, "Water")
print(a)
# liquid
使用示例6:
# 查询水在 101325 Pa和300 K时的定压比热容c_p of water at 101325 Pa and 300 K
from CoolProp.CoolProp import PropsSI
a=PropsSI("C", "P", 101325, "T", 300, "Water")
print(a)
# 4180.6357765560715
使用示例7:
# 查询水在 101325 Pa和300 K时的定压比热容(使用导数)c_p of water (using derivatives) at 101325 Pa and 300 K
from CoolProp.CoolProp import PropsSI
a=PropsSI("d(H)/d(T)|P", "P", 101325, "T", 300, "Water")
print(a)
# 4180.6357765560715
使用示例8:
# 查询水的三相点压力,这种方式用于查询物质的不变性质
from CoolProp.CoolProp import PropsSI
PropsSI('PTRIPLE','Water')
# 611.6548008968684
使用示例9:
# 查询空气在 300 K, 101325 Pa,50%相对湿度比情况下的湿度比(水的质量比空气的质量)Humidity ratio of 50% rel. hum. air at 300 K, 101325 Pa
from CoolProp.CoolProp import HAPropsSI
print(HAPropsSI("W", "T", 300, "P", 101325, "R", 0.5))
# 0.011095529705199761
使用示例10:
# 返回上次计算的空气相对湿度Relative humidity from last calculation
from CoolProp.CoolProp import HAPropsSI
print(HAPropsSI("R", "T", 300, "P", 101325, "W", HAPropsSI("W", "T", 300, "P", 101325, "R", 0.5)))
# 0.5
使用示例11:
# 查询空气在 300 K, 101325 Pa,50%相对湿度比情况下的焓值
from CoolProp.CoolProp import HAPropsSI
print(HAPropsSI('H','T',300,'P',101325,'R',0.5))
# 55301.76690304349
CoolProp能够查询的物质
http://www.coolprop.org/fluid_properties/PurePseudoPure.html#list-of-fluids
All the fluids included in CoolProp | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
序号 | Name | 名称 | Formula | Aliases |
1 | 1-Butene | 环丁烷 | C4H8 | 1Butene, 1BUTENE, 1-BUTENE, Butene |
2 | Acetone | 环氧丙烷 | C3H6O | acetone, ACETONE |
3 | Air | 空气 | N/A | air, AIR, R729 |
4 | Ammonia | 氨气 | H3N | NH3, ammonia, R717, AMMONIA |
5 | Argon | 氩气 | Ar | argon, ARGON, R740, Ar |
6 | Benzene | 苯 | C6H6 | benzene, BENZENE |
7 | CarbonDioxide | 二氧化碳 | CO2 | R744, co2, CO2, carbondioxide, CARBONDIOXIDE |
8 | CarbonMonoxide | 一氧化碳 | CO | CO, CARBONMONOXIDE |
9 | CarbonylSulfide | 羰基硫化物 | COS | COS, CARBONYLSULFIDE |
10 | CycloHexane | 环己烷 | C6H12 | Cyclohexane, CYCLOHEXANE, CYCLOHEX |
11 | CycloPropane | 环丙烷 | C3H6 | cyclopropane, Cyclopropane, CYCLOPROPANE, CYCLOPRO |
12 | Cyclopentane | 环戊烷 | C5H10 | CycloPentane, cyclopentane, CYCLOPENTANE, CYCLOPEN |
13 | D4 | 八甲基环四硅氧烷 | C8H24O4Si4 | Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, OCTAMETHYLCYCLOTETRASILOXANE |
14 | D5 | 十甲基环五硅氧烷 | C10H30O5Si5 | Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, DECAMETHYLCYCLOPENTASILOXANE |
15 | D6 | 十二甲基环己硅氧烷 | C12H36O6Si6 | Dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane, DODECAMETHYLCYCLOHEXASILOXANE |
16 | Deuterium | 氘 | D2 | deuterium, DEUTERIUM, D2 |
17 | Dichloroethane | 二氯乙烷 | C2Cl2H4 | DICHLOROETHANE, 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,2-DICHLOROETHANE |
18 | DiethylEther | 二乙醚 | C4H10O | DEE, DiethylEther |
19 | DimethylCarbonate | 碳酸二甲酯 | C3H6O3 | DMC, dimethylcarbonate, DIMETHYLCARBONATE |
20 | DimethylEther | 二甲醚 | C2H6O | DIMETHYLETHER, DME |
21 | Ethane | 乙烷 | C2H6 | ethane, ETHANE, R170, n-C2H6 |
22 | Ethanol | 乙醇 | C2H6O | C2H6O, ethanol, ETHANOL |
23 | EthylBenzene | 乙苯 | C8H10 | ethylbenzene, ETHYLBENZENE, EBENZENE |
24 | Ethylene | 乙烯 | C2H4 | ethylene, ETHYLENE, R1150 |
25 | EthyleneOxide | 环氧乙烷 | C2H4O | ETHYLENEOXIDE |
26 | Fluorine | 氟 | F2 | fluorine, FLUORINE |
27 | HFE143m | 三氟乙醇 | C2F3H3O | HFE-143m, HFE143M, HFE-143M, RE143A, RE143a |
28 | HeavyWater | 重水 | D2O | D2O, HEAVYWATER |
29 | Helium | 氦 | He | helium, HELIUM, He, R704 |
30 | Hydrogen | 氢 | H2 | hydrogen, HYDROGEN, H2, R702 |
31 | HydrogenChloride | 氯化氢 | ClH | HydrogenChloride, HYDROGENCHLORIDE, HCl, HCL |
32 | HydrogenSulfide | 硫化氢 | H2S | H2S, HYDROGENSULFIDE |
33 | IsoButane | 异丁烷 | C4H10 | isobutane, Isobutane, ISOBUTANE, R600A, R600a, ISOBUTAN |
34 | IsoButene | 异丁烯 | C4H8 | Isobutene, ISOBUTENE, IBUTENE |
35 | Isohexane | 异己烷 | C6H14 | ihexane, ISOHEXANE |
36 | Isopentane | 异戊烷 | C5H12 | ipentane, R601a, ISOPENTANE, IPENTANE |
37 | Krypton | 氪 | Kr | krypton, KRYPTON |
38 | MD2M | 十甲基四硅氧烷 | C10H30O3Si4 | Decamethyltetrasiloxane, DECAMETHYLTETRASILOXANE |
39 | MD3M | 十二甲基五硅氧烷 | C12H36O4Si5 | Dodecamethylpentasiloxane, DODECAMETHYLPENTASILOXANE |
40 | MD4M | 十四甲基六硅氧烷 | C14H42O5Si6 | Tetradecamethylhexasiloxane, TETRADECAMETHYLHEXASILOXANE |
41 | MDM | 八甲基三硅氧烷 | C8H24O2Si3 | Octamethyltrisiloxane, OCTAMETHYLTRISILOXANE |
42 | MM | 六甲基二硅氧烷 | C6H18OSi2 | Hexamethyldisiloxane, HEXAMETHYLDISILOXANE |
43 | Methane | 甲烷 | CH4 | CH4, methane, METHANE, R50, n-C1H4 |
44 | Methanol | 甲醇 | CH4O | methanol, METHANOL |
45 | MethylLinoleate | 亚油酸甲酯 | C19H34O2 | METHYLLINOLEATE, MLINOLEA |
46 | MethylLinolenate | 亚麻酸甲酯 | C19H32O2 | METHYLLINOLENATE, MLINOLEN |
47 | MethylOleate | 甲基油酸酯 | C19H36O2 | METHYLOLEATE, MOLEATE |
48 | MethylPalmitate | 甲基棕榈酸酯 | C17H34O2 | METHYLPALMITATE, MPALMITA |
49 | MethylStearate | 甲基硬脂酸酯 | C19H38O2 | METHYLSTEARATE, MSTEARAT |
50 | Neon | 氖 | Ne | neon, NEON, R720 |
51 | Neopentane | 新戊烷 | C5H12 | neopentn, NEOPENTANE |
52 | Nitrogen | 氮 | N2 | nitrogen, NITROGEN, N2, R728 |
53 | NitrousOxide | 氧化亚氮 | N2O | N2O, NITROUSOXIDE |
54 | Novec649 | 全氟己酮 | C6F12O | Novec1230, NOVEC649 |
55 | OrthoDeuterium | 正氘 | N/A | orthodeuterium, ORTHODEUTERIUM |
56 | OrthoHydrogen | 正氢 | N/A | Orthohydrogen, orthohydrogen, ORTHOHYDROGEN, ORTHOHYD |
57 | Oxygen | 氧 | O2 | oxygen, OXYGEN, O2, R732 |
58 | ParaDeuterium | 副氘 | N/A | paradeuterium, PARADEUTERIUM |
59 | ParaHydrogen | 仲氢 | N/A | Parahydrogen, parahydrogen, PARAHYDROGEN, PARAHYD |
60 | Propylene | 丙烯 | C3H6 | propylene, PROPYLENE, PROPYLEN, R1270 |
61 | Propyne | 丙炔 | C3H4 | propyne, PROPYNE |
62 | R11 | / | CCl3F | / |
63 | R113 | / | C2Cl3F3 | / |
64 | R114 | / | C2Cl2F4 | / |
65 | R115 | / | C2F5Cl | / |
66 | R116 | / | C2F6 | / |
67 | R12 | / | CCl2F2 | / |
68 | R123 | / | C2Cl2F3H | / |
69 | R1233zd(E) | / | C3ClF3H2 | R1233zdE, R1233ZDE, R1233ZD(E), R1233ZD |
70 | R1234yf | / | C3F4H2 | R1234YF |
71 | R1234ze(E) | / | C3F4H2 | R1234ZE, R1234ZEE, R1234zeE, R1234ZE(E) |
72 | R1234ze(Z) | / | C3F4H2 | R1234ZE(Z), R1234ZEZ |
73 | R124 | / | C2ClF4H | R1243ZF |
74 | R1243zf | / | C3F3H3 | / |
75 | R125 | / | C2F5H | / |
76 | R13 | / | CClF3 | / |
77 | R134a | / | C2F4H2 | R134A |
78 | R13I1 | / | CF3I | CF3I |
79 | R14 | / | CF4 | / |
80 | R141b | / | C2Cl2FH3 | R141B |
81 | R142b | / | C2ClF2H3 | R142B |
82 | R143a | / | C2F3H3 | R143A |
83 | R152A | / | C2F2H4 | R152a |
84 | R161 | 氟乙烷 | C2FH5 | Fluoroethane, FLUOROETHANE |
85 | R21 | / | CCl2FH | / |
86 | R218 | / | C3F8 | / |
87 | R22 | / | CClF2H | / |
88 | R227EA | / | C3F7H | R227ea |
89 | R23 | / | CF3H | / |
90 | R236EA | / | C3F6H2 | R236ea |
91 | R236FA | / | C3F6H2 | R236fa |
92 | R245ca | / | C3F5H3 | R245CA |
93 | R245fa | / | C3F5H3 | R245FA |
94 | R32 | / | CF2H2 | / |
95 | R365MFC | / | C4F5H5 | R365mfc |
96 | R40 | 甲基氯 | CClH3 | MethylChloride |
97 | R404A | / | N/A | R404a |
98 | R407C | / | N/A | R407c |
99 | R41 | / | CFH3 | / |
100 | R410A | / | N/A | R410a |
101 | R507A | / | N/A | R507a |
102 | RC318 | / | C4F8 | / |
103 | SES36 | / | N/A | / |
104 | SulfurDioxide | 二氧化硫 | SO2 | SO2, SULFURDIOXIDE |
105 | SulfurHexafluoride | 六氟化硫 | F6S | SULFURHEXAFLUORIDE, SF6 |
106 | Toluene | 甲苯 | C7H8 | toluene, TOLUENE |
107 | Water | 水 | H2O | water, WATER, H2O, h2o, R718 |
108 | Xenon | 氙 | Xe | Xe, xenon, XENON |
109 | cis-2-Butene | 顺-2-丁烯 | C4H8 | Cis-2-Butene, CIS-2-BUTENE, C2BUTENE |
110 | m-Xylene | 间二甲苯 | C8H10 | mXylene, m-xylene, M-XYLENE, MC8H10 |
111 | n-Butane | 正丁烷 | C4H10 | nButane, butane, Butane, BUTANE, N-BUTANE, R600, NC4H10, n-C4H10 |
112 | n-Decane | n-癸 | C10H22 | Decane, decane, DECANE, N-DECANE, NC10H22, n-C10H22 |
113 | n-Dodecane | n-十二烷 | C12H26 | nDodecane, Dodecane, DODECANE, N-DODECANE, C12, NC12H26, n-C12H26 |
114 | n-Heptane | 正庚烷 | C7H16 | nHeptane, Heptane, HEPTANE, N-HEPTANE, NC7H16, n-C7H16 |
115 | n-Hexane | 正己烷 | C6H14 | nHexane, Hexane, HEXANE, N-HEXANE, NC6H14, n-C6H14 |
116 | n-Nonane | 正壬烷 | C9H20 | nonane, Nonane, NONANE, N-NONANE, NC9H20, n-C9H20 |
117 | n-Octane | 正辛烷 | C8H18 | nOctane, Octane, OCTANE, N-OCTANE, NC8H18, n-C8H18 |
118 | n-Pentane | 正戊烷 | C5H12 | nPentane, Pentane, PENTANE, N-PENTANE, R601, NC5H12, n-C5H12 |
119 | n-Propane | 正丙烷 | C3H8 | Propane, propane, R290, C3H8, PROPANE, N-PROPANE, NC3H8, n-C3H8 |
120 | n-Undecane | n-十一烷 | C11H24 | Undecane, UNDECANE, N-UNDECANE, C11, NC11H24, n-C11H24 |
121 | o-Xylene | 邻二甲苯 | C8H10 | oXylene, o-xylene, O-XYLENE, OC8H10 |
122 | p-Xylene | 对二甲苯 | C8H10 | pXylene, p-xylene, P-XYLENE, PC8H10 |
123 | trans-2-Butene | 反式-2-丁烯 | C4H8 | Trans-2-Butene, TRANS-2-BUTENE, T2BUTENE |
PropsSI函数能够查询的物质性质
http://www.coolprop.org/coolprop/HighLevelAPI.html#table-of-string-inputs-to-propssi-function
HAPropsSI函数能够查询的物质性质
http://www.coolprop.org/apidoc/CoolProp.CoolProp.html#CoolProp.CoolProp.HAPropsSI