Mysql总结--查询语言--常见函数（分组函数）

#进阶4：常见函数-分组函数
/*

功能：用作统计使用，又称为聚合函数或统计函数或组函数

分类：
sum求和，avg平均值，max最大值，min最小值，count计算个数
特点：
1.sum\avg一般处理数值型
  max\min\count可以处理任何类型
2.以上分组函数都忽略null值

3.可以和distinct搭配实现去重运算

4.count函数的单独介绍
一般使用count(*)用作统计行数（统计结果集的行数）

5.和分组函数一同查询的字段要求是group by后的字段

*/

#1.简单使用
SELECT SUM(salary) FROM employees;
SELECT AVG(salary) FROM employees;
SELECT MIN(salary) FROM employees;
SELECT MAX(salary) FROM employees;
SELECT COUNT(salary) FROM employees;

SELECT SUM(salary)和,AVG(salary)平均,MAX(salary)最大值,MIN(salary)最小值,COUNT(salary)计数 FROM employees;
SELECT SUM(salary)和,ROUND(AVG(salary),2)平均,MAX(salary)最大值,MIN(salary)最小值,COUNT(salary)计数 FROM employees;

#2.参数支持哪些类型

SELECT SUM(last_name),AVG(last_name) FROM employees;
SELECT SUM(hiredate),AVG(hiredate) FROM employees;

SELECT MAX(last_name),MIN(last_name) FROM employees;
SELECT MAX(hiredate),MIN(hiredate) FROM employees;

SELECT COUNT(last_name) FROM employees;
SELECT COUNT(commission_pct) FROM employees;

#3.忽略null

SELECT SUM(commission_pct),AVG(commission_pct) FROM employees;
#null加任何值，都为Null,所以可以得出sum没有参与null 运算

SELECT MAX(commission_pct),MIN(commission_pct) FROM employees;

SELECT COUNT(commission_pct) FROM employees;

#4.和distinct搭配
SELECT SUM(DISTINCT salary),SUM(salary) FROM employees;

SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT salary),COUNT(salary)FROM employees;

#5.count函数的详细介绍

SELECT COUNT(salary) FROM employees;

SELECT COUNT(*) FROM employees;#表明这个employees一共有多少行
SELECT COUNT(1) FROM employees;#表明这个employees一共有多少行
SELECT COUNT('崔侠') FROM employees;#表明这个employees一共有多少行

效率
MYISAM存储引擎下，count(*)的效率高
INNODB存储引擎下，count(*)和count(1)的效率差不多，比count（字段）要高一些

#6.和分组函数一同查询的字段有限制

#案例练习1：查询员工表中的最大入职时间和最小入职时间的相差天数(diference)

SELECT DATEDIFF(MAX(hiredate),MIN(hiredate)) diference FROM employees;

#案例练习2：查询部门编号为90的员工个数
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM employees WHERE department_id=90;