输入adb devices 显示设备序列号

adb devices读取/config/usb_gadget/g1/strings/0x409/serialnumber配置文件用作设备名称。
相关文件（高通平台）
1、device/qcom/common/rootdir/etc/init.qcom.usb.sh设备开机初始化名称设置

if [ -d /config/usb_gadget ]; then
	# Chip-serial is used for unique MSM identification in Product string
	msm_serial=`cat /sys/devices/soc0/serial_number`;
	msm_serial_hex=`printf %08X $msm_serial`
	machine_type=`cat /sys/devices/soc0/machine`
	product_string="$machine_type-$soc_hwplatform _SN:$msm_serial_hex"
	echo "$product_string" > /config/usb_gadget/g1/strings/0x409/product

	# ADB requires valid iSerialNumber; if ro.serialno is missing, use dummy
	#serialnumber=`cat /config/usb_gadget/g1/strings/0x409/serialnumber 2> /dev/null`
	#if [ "$serialnumber" == "" ]; then
		#serialno=1234567
		#serialno=?
		#echo $serialno > /config/usb_gadget/g1/strings/0x409/serialnumber
		echo "0123456789ABCDEF" > /config/usb_gadget/g1/strings/0x409/serialnumber
	#fi
fi

将设备名称初始化为0123456789ABCDEF。
2、device/qcom/common/rootdir/etc/init.qcom.usb.rc启动初始脚本文件

service vendor.qcom-usb-sh /vendor/bin/init.qcom.usb.sh
    class core
    user root
    oneshot
    disabled

3、/system/core/adb/commandline.cpp 输入adb devices后是通过

int adb_commandline(int argc, const char** argv) {
...........
    /* adb_connect() commands */
    if (!strcmp(argv[0], "devices")) {
        const char *listopt;
        if (argc < 2) {
            listopt = "";
        } else if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-l")) {
            listopt = argv[1];
        } else {
            return syntax_error("adb devices [-l]");
        }

        std::string query = android::base::StringPrintf("host:%s%s", argv[0], listopt);
        printf("List of devices attached\n");
        return adb_query_command(query);
    }
..........
}

在/system/core/adb/services.cpp是通过socket与pc进行通信执行
adb root、adb unroot、adb remount、adb disable-verity、adb usb等等命令

static int create_service_thread(const char* service_name, void (*func)(int, void*), void* cookie) {
    int s[2];
    if (adb_socketpair(s)) {
        printf("cannot create service socket pair\n");
        return -1;
    }
    D("socketpair: (%d,%d)", s[0], s[1]);

#if !ADB_HOST
    if (func == &file_sync_service) {
        // Set file sync service socket to maximum size
        int max_buf = LINUX_MAX_SOCKET_SIZE;
        adb_setsockopt(s[0], SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, &max_buf, sizeof(max_buf));
        adb_setsockopt(s[1], SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, &max_buf, sizeof(max_buf));
    }
#endif // !ADB_HOST

    stinfo* sti = reinterpret_cast<stinfo*>(malloc(sizeof(stinfo)));
    if (sti == nullptr) {
        fatal("cannot allocate stinfo");
    }
    sti->service_name = service_name;
    sti->func = func;
    sti->cookie = cookie;
    sti->fd = s[1];

    std::thread(service_bootstrap_func, sti).detach();

    D("service thread started, %d:%d",s[0], s[1]);
    return s[0];
}

int service_to_fd(const char* name, atransport* transport) {
    int ret = -1;

    if (is_socket_spec(name)) {
        std::string error;
        ret = socket_spec_connect(name, &error);
        if (ret < 0) {
            LOG(ERROR) << "failed to connect to socket '" << name << "': " << error;
        }
#if !ADB_HOST
    } else if(!strncmp("dev:", name, 4)) {
        ret = unix_open(name + 4, O_RDWR | O_CLOEXEC);
    } else if(!strncmp(name, "framebuffer:", 12)) {
        ret = create_service_thread("fb", framebuffer_service, nullptr);
    } else if (!strncmp(name, "jdwp:", 5)) {
        ret = create_jdwp_connection_fd(atoi(name+5));
    } else if(!strncmp(name, "shell", 5)) {
        ret = ShellService(name + 5, transport);
    } else if(!strncmp(name, "exec:", 5)) {
        ret = StartSubprocess(name + 5, nullptr, SubprocessType::kRaw, SubprocessProtocol::kNone);
    } else if(!strncmp(name, "sync:", 5)) {
        ret = create_service_thread("sync", file_sync_service, nullptr);
    } else if(!strncmp(name, "remount:", 8)) {
        ret = create_service_thread("remount", remount_service, nullptr);
    } else if(!strncmp(name, "reboot:", 7)) {
        void* arg = strdup(name + 7);
        if (arg == NULL) return -1;
        ret = create_service_thread("reboot", reboot_service, arg);
        if (ret < 0) free(arg);
    } else if(!strncmp(name, "root:", 5)) {
        ret = create_service_thread("root", restart_root_service, nullptr);
    } else if(!strncmp(name, "unroot:", 7)) {
        ret = create_service_thread("unroot", restart_unroot_service, nullptr);
    } else if(!strncmp(name, "backup:", 7)) {
        ret = StartSubprocess(android::base::StringPrintf("/system/bin/bu backup %s",
                                                          (name + 7)).c_str(),
                              nullptr, SubprocessType::kRaw, SubprocessProtocol::kNone);
    } else if(!strncmp(name, "restore:", 8)) {
        ret = StartSubprocess("/system/bin/bu restore", nullptr, SubprocessType::kRaw,
                              SubprocessProtocol::kNone);
    } else if(!strncmp(name, "tcpip:", 6)) {
        int port;
        if (sscanf(name + 6, "%d", &port) != 1) {
            return -1;
        }
        ret = create_service_thread("tcp", restart_tcp_service, reinterpret_cast<void*>(port));
    } else if(!strncmp(name, "usb:", 4)) {
        ret = create_service_thread("usb", restart_usb_service, nullptr);
    } else if (!strncmp(name, "reverse:", 8)) {
        ret = reverse_service(name + 8, transport);
    } else if(!strncmp(name, "disable-verity:", 15)) {
        ret = create_service_thread("verity-on", set_verity_enabled_state_service,
                                    reinterpret_cast<void*>(0));
    } else if(!strncmp(name, "enable-verity:", 15)) {
        ret = create_service_thread("verity-off", set_verity_enabled_state_service,
                                    reinterpret_cast<void*>(1));
    } else if (!strcmp(name, "reconnect")) {
        ret = create_service_thread("reconnect", reconnect_service, transport);
#endif
    }
    if (ret >= 0) {
        close_on_exec(ret);
    }
    return ret;
}

4、如若想修改adb devices设备序列号可以通过：

#define USB_SERIAL_PATH1 "/config/usb_gadget/g1/strings/0x409/serialnumber"
int write_serialno2kernel(char*result)
{
	int fd;

        SLOGE("try %s", USB_SERIAL_PATH1);
        if ((fd = open(USB_SERIAL_PATH1, O_RDWR)) < 0) {
                SLOGE("Unable to open path (%s),error is(%s)",USB_SERIAL_PATH1,strerror(errno));
                return -1;
        }
        if (write(fd,result,strlen(result)) < 0) {
        SLOGE("Unable to write path (%s),error is(%s)",USB_SERIAL_PATH1,strerror(errno));
        close(fd);
        return -1;
		}
    close(fd);
	return 0;
}

将要设置的设备序列号result 写入到USB_SERIAL_PATH1 中，实现adb devices名称修改。