JavaClass与加载方式与反射

创建一个待加载的类People

package com.java.demo;

public class People {
    private String name;
    private int age;
    public String phoneNumber;

    public People(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    private People(String name) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = 88;
    }

    public People() {
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    private void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "People{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", phoneNumber='" + phoneNumber + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

三种加载方式

package com.java.demo;

public class Demo4 {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException {
        //第一种方式，通过类名.class 加载类
        Class<People> c1 = com.java.demo.People.class;
        System.out.println(c1);

        //第二种方式，通过类的对象获取类的信息
        People p = new People();
        Class<People> c2 = (Class<People>) p.getClass();
        System.out.println(c2);

        System.out.println(c1 == c2);

        //第三种方式
        Class<People> c3 = (Class<People>) Class.forName("com.java.demo.People");

        System.out.println(c3);

        System.out.println(c1 == c2 && c1 == c3);

    }

    public static Class getClass2(String className) throws ClassNotFoundException {
        return Class.forName(className);
    }
}

构造方法调用

package com.java.demo;

import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;

public class Demo5 {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, NoSuchMethodException, InvocationTargetException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException {
        Class<People> pClass = (Class<People>) Class.forName("com.java.demo.People");
        //找到无参构造方法
        Constructor<People> c1 = pClass.getConstructor();
        //使用无参构造方法，创建对象
        People p = c1.newInstance();
        System.out.println(p);

        //找到包含String name 和 int age 的构造方法
        //pClass.getConstructor(String.class, int.class);
        Constructor<People> c2 = pClass.getConstructor(new Class[]{String.class, int.class});
        //使用这个构造方法，创建对象
        People p2 = c2.newInstance("王麻子",99);
        System.out.println(p2);

        Constructor<People> c3 = pClass.getDeclaredConstructor(String.class);
        //设置此属性为true则可访问私有成员或方法
        c3.setAccessible(true);
        People p3 = c3.newInstance("李四");
        System.out.println(p3);
    }
}

加载类获取方法进行调用

package com.java.demo;

import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

public class Demo6 {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, NoSuchMethodException, InvocationTargetException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException {
        //加载类
        Class c1 = Class.forName("com.java.demo.People");
        Constructor c = c1.getConstructor();
        //创建了对象
        Object o = c.newInstance();
        //获取类的方法
        Method setName = c1.getMethod("setName", String.class);
        Method setAge = c1.getDeclaredMethod("setAge", int.class);
        setAge.setAccessible(true);
        //参数1 哪个对象要执行setName方法
        //参数2 调用方法时传递的参数 0-n
        setName.invoke(o, "张三");
        setAge.invoke(o, 18);
        System.out.println(o);
    }
}

加载类获取成员属性调用

package com.java.demo;

import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;

public class Demo7 {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, NoSuchMethodException, InvocationTargetException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, NoSuchFieldException {
        Class c = Class.forName("com.java.demo.People");
        Constructor ct = c.getConstructor();
        Object o = ct.newInstance();

        //获取成员
        Field phoneNumber = c.getField("phoneNumber");
        phoneNumber.set(o, "13822222222");

        //获取领域成员
        Field name = c.getDeclaredField("name");
        name.setAccessible(true);
        name.set(o, "王麻烦");

        System.out.println(o);
    }
}