Java注解与反射

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-22 23:24:01 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-05-22 23:24:01 发布

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分类专栏： Java

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/noibug/article/details/119696668

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本文详细介绍了Java中的注解及其使用，包括`@MyAnnotation`、`@Documented`、`@Target`和`@Retention`等，展示了如何创建和应用自定义注解以及反射API在查找和处理注解上的应用。重点涵盖包com.java.demo中的示例代码和相关概念解析。

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注解

package com.java.demo;

//忽略所有警告
@SuppressWarnings("all")
public class Demo1 {
    @Override
    public String toString(){
        return super.toString();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //忽略所有警告
        @SuppressWarnings("all")
        Person p = new Person();
    }
}

@SuppressWarnings("all")
class Person2{

}

class Person{
    private int age;

    @SuppressWarnings("all")
    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    /**
     * 此方法已经被废弃，请通过setAge2操作
     * @param age
     */
    @Deprecated
    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public void setAge2(int age) {
        if(age<0 || age>150){
            throw new RuntimeException("年龄不合理");
        }
        this.age = age;
    }
}

package com.java.demo;

import java.lang.annotation.*;

@MyAnnotation(value = {"张三","李四"})
public class Demo2 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

    }

    public void add(){

    }
}

//注解是否包含在文档中
@Documented
//用途类型
@Target({ElementType.TYPE, ElementType.METHOD})
//保存策略
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
//可以继承
@Inherited
@interface MyAnnotation{
    String[] value() default "李四";
    int num() default 1;
}

注解与反射

创建ColumnAnnotation 注解

package com.java.demo3;

import java.lang.annotation.*;

@Documented
@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface ColumnAnnotation {
    /**
     * 描述列名
     * @return
     */
    String columnName();

    /**
     * 描述类型
     * @return
     */
    String type();

    /**
     * 描述数据的长度
     * @return
     */
    String length();
}

创建TabkeAnnotation 注解

package com.java.demo3;

import java.lang.annotation.*;

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface TabkeAnnotation {
    /**
     * 用于标注类对应的表格名称
     * @return
     */
    String value();
}

创建一个被注解的Book类

package com.java.demo3;

import java.util.Objects;

@TabkeAnnotation("test_Book")
public class Book {
    @ColumnAnnotation(columnName = "id",type = "int",length = "11")
    private int id;
    @ColumnAnnotation(columnName = "name",type = "varchar",length = "50")
    private String name;
    @ColumnAnnotation(columnName = "info",type = "varchar",length = "1000")
    private String info;

    public Book() {
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (this == o) return true;
        if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;
        Book book = (Book) o;
        return id == book.id && Objects.equals(name, book.name) && Objects.equals(info, book.info);
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        return Objects.hash(id, name, info);
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Book{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", info='" + info + '\'' +
                '}';
    }

    public Book(int id, String name, String info) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.info = info;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getInfo() {
        return info;
    }

    public void setInfo(String info) {
        this.info = info;
    }
}

反射Book类注解

package com.java.demo3;

import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;

public class Demo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException {
        Class c = Class.forName("com.java.demo3.Book");
        /*Annotation[] as = c.getAnnotations();
        for(Annotation a : as){
            System.out.println(a);
        }*/

        TabkeAnnotation ta = (TabkeAnnotation) c.getAnnotation(TabkeAnnotation.class);
        String value = ta.value();
        System.out.println(value);

        Field[] fs = c.getDeclaredFields();
        for(Field f : fs){
            ColumnAnnotation ca = f.getAnnotation(ColumnAnnotation.class);
            System.out.println(f.getName()+"属性，对应数据库中的字段:" + ca.columnName()
                    + "数据类型:" + ca.type() + "数据长度：" + ca.length());
        }
    }
}