operator= 要注意避免内存泄露（项目经验）

指针不论是指向malloc还是new分配得到的内存，一定要注意在改变指针指向之前一定要先释放旧的内存块。

class  Test

{

public :

                  Test ()

                {

                                  if  ( p  !=  NULL )

                                {

                                                  free ( p  );

                                                  p  =  NULL  ;

                                }

                                  p  = ( char  *) malloc (  sizeof ( char  ));

                }

                  Test ( const  Test  &  C1 )

                {

                                  cout  <<  "ooo我在进行拷贝构造"  <<  endl ;

                                  p  = ( char  *) malloc (  sizeof ( char  ));

                                *  p  = * C1  . p ;

                }

                ~  Test ()

                {

                                  cout  <<  "ooo我在析构"  <<  endl ;

                                  if  ( p  != NULL )

                                {

                                                  free ( p  );

                                                  p  =  NULL  ;

                                }

                }

                  void  operator=( Test  & C2 )

                {

                                 if (p !=NULL)

                                {

                                                 free(p );

                                                 p = NULL ;

                                } 

                //这里很重要，A=B时，A本身已经malloc了一块内存，如果此时没有              

                  free，直接执行下面一句让p指向另一块内存，那么之前malloc出来的     

                  内存如何释放？

                                  p  = ( char  *) malloc (  sizeof ( char  ));

                                           * p = *C2.p;

                }

private :

                  char  * p  ;

};

void  main  ()

{

                  Test  A  ;

                  Test  B  ;

                  A  =  B  ; //这里要注意，直接“=”的情况下不会调用拷贝构造函数，要用=重载来避免浅拷贝

}