android6.0源码分析之Camera API2.0简介

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-26 11:52:53 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-06-26 11:52:53 发布

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1、Camera API2.0的架构图

Camera API2.0下的Camera架构与API1.0有所区别，下面将给出Camera API2.0以及Camera HAL3.2+下的Camera的总体架构图：
这里写图片描述
由图可知，Java层要想与C++层的CameraService层进行通信，都是通过Java层的IPC Binder进制进行的，主要包括ICameraService.aidl以及ICameraDeviceUser.aidl两个接口来实现，其会在Java层维护一个CameraDeviceImpl即Camera设备的代理，而CameraService以及CameraDeviceImpl的初始化会在此文的第二，第三节进行分析。而Java层对Camera的具体操作的操作流程大致为，Java层通过Device代理发送一个CaptureRequest，而C++层进行相应的处理，再调用相应的回调来通知Java相应的处理结果，并将相应的Capture数据保存在Surface Buffer里，这样Java层在回调函数中可以对数据进行相应的处理。而对于具体操作流程的分析，请参考文章开始时的Camera2相关文章的连接。

2、Java层的CameraService的实现和应用

从Camera API2开始，Camera的实现方式有所不同，最主要的区别是不再使用JNI来调用本地代码，从而获得本地CameraService，并实现其C/S模式的通信，而是直接在Java层通过Java层的IPC Binder机制来获取Java层的CameraService的代理对象，从而直接在Java层获取本地的CameraService与Camera Device进行相应的通信。
相应的代码及目录：
ICameraService.aidl:frameworks/base/core/java/android/hardware
CameraService.cpp:frameworks/av/services/camera/libcameraservice
CameraManager.java:frameworks/base/core/java/android/hardware/camera2

获取CameraService的核心代码如下：

<code class="hljs r has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">//CameraManager.java
prvate void connectCameraServiceLocked(){
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span>(mCameraService != null)<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span>;
    //获取Binder
    IBinder cameraServiceBinder = ServiceManager.getService(CAMERA_SERVICE_BINDER_NAME);
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span>(cameraServiceBinder == null){
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span>;
    }
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">try</span>{
        cameraServiceBinder.linkToDeath(this,/*flags*/ <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>);
    }catch(RemoteException e){
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span>;
    }
    ICameraService cameraServiceRaw = ICameraService.Stub.asInterface(cameraServiceBinder);
    //根据cameraServiceRaw 创建CameraService实例
    ICameraService cameraService = CameraServiceDecorator.newInstance(cameraServiceRaw);
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">...</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">try</span>{
        //添加监听
        cameraService.addListener(this);
        //赋值给mCameraService的全局变量
        mCameraService = cameraService;
    }catch(CameraRuntimeException e){
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">...</span>
    }
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li></ul>

由代码可知，通过Java层的Binder从ServiceManager里获取了一个Java层的CameraService实例，在打开Camera的流程中，会通过此CameraService(Native的CameraService)与Camera通信，而其中的通信通过ICameraDeviceUser来实现，接下来分析ICameraDeviceUser的实现。

3、ICameraDeviceUser.aidl的通信实现

Java层与C++ CameraService层之间的通信，通过封装了一个CameraDeviceUser来实现，它只是在Java层使用了AIDL技术来实现Client，即在Java层维护了一个CameraDevice，这样的好处是响应速度更快，因为这样不需要通过每次进入Native层来完成通信，而可以通过Java层的IPC Binder机制即可完成。即API2.0通过AIDL实现一个接口ICameraDeviceUser，从而在Java层维护一个Camera proxy，之后的通信都是通过此代理CameraDeviceImpl来实现。

相关代码及目录：
ICameraDeviceUser.aidl:frameworks/base/core/java/android/hardware/camera2
ICameraDeviceUser.cpp:frameworks/av/camera/camera2
CameraDeviceImpl.java:frameworks/base/core/java/android/hardware/camera2/impl

获取Camera Device的Java层代理的核心代码如下：

<code class="hljs r has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">//CameraManager.java
private CameraDevice openCameraDeviceUserAsync(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">...</span>){
    //初始化Camera Java层代理对象
    CameraDevice device = null;
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">try</span>{
        synchronized(mLock){
            //初始化ICameraDeviceUser
            ICameraDeviceUser cameraUser = null;
            //初始化具体的CameraDevice代理
            android.hardware.camera2.impl.CameraDeviceImpl deviceImpl = new android.hardware.
                camera2.impl.CameraDeviceImpl(cameraId,callback,handler,characteristics);
            BinderHolder holder = new BinderHolder();
            ICameraDeviceCallbacks callbacks = deviceImpl.getCallbacks();
            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">...</span>
            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">try</span>{
                //如果支持HAL3.2+的devices
                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span>(supportsCamera2ApiLocked(cameraId)){
                    //获取CameraService
                    ICameraService cameraService = CameraManagerGlobal.get().getCameraService();
                    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">...</span>
                    //连接设备
                    cameraService.connectDevice(callbacks,id,mContextgetOpPackageName()
                        ,USE_CALLING_UID,holder);
                    //通过Binder获得打开的Camera设备返回的Camera代理
                    cameraUser = ICameraDeviceUser.Stub.asInterface(holder.getBinder());
                }<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">else</span>{//否则用遗产API
                    cameraUser = CameraDeviceUserShim.connectBinderShim(callbacks,id);
                }
            }catch(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">...</span>){
                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">...</span>
            }
            //包装代理对象
            deviceImpl.setRemoteDevice(cameraUser);
            device = deviceImpl;
        }
    }catch(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">...</span>){
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">...</span>
    }
    返回Camera代理
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> device;
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li></ul>

由代码可知，首先获取CameraService，然后通过它来开启Camera，而开启成功后，C++层会返回一个Camera device代理对象，此处即为ICameraDeviceUser，所以在Java层对其进行相应的封装，变成一个CameraDeviceImpl对象，此后，只要需要对Camera进行操作，都会调用CameraDeviceImpl对象的相关方法，并通过ICameraDeviceUser以及Java IPC Binder来与本地的Camera device进行通信，至此，Camera API2.0的框架就分析结束了，具体的操作，如Camera的初始化，preview,capture等流程的分析，请看文章开始时，所列出的分析链接。

原文地址： http://blog.csdn.net/yangzhihuiguming/article/details/51382267