Day2:2层卷积网络训练MNIST数据分类

# coding: utf-8

import tensorflow as tf

from tensorflow.examples.tutorials.mnist import input_data

 

 

def weight_variable(shape):

    initial = tf.truncated_normal(shape, stddev=0.1)

    return tf.Variable(initial)

 

 

def bias_variable(shape):

    initial = tf.constant(0.1, shape=shape)

    return tf.Variable(initial)

 

 

def conv2d(x, W):

    return tf.nn.conv2d(x, W, strides=[1, 1, 1, 1], padding='SAME')

 

 

def max_pool_2x2(x):

    return tf.nn.max_pool(x, ksize=[1, 2, 2, 1],

                          strides=[1, 2, 2, 1], padding='SAME')

 

 

if __name__ == '__main__':

    # 读入数据

    mnist = input_data.read_data_sets("MNIST_data/", one_hot=True)

    # x为训练图像的占位符、y_为训练图像标签的占位符

    x = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, [None, 784])

    y_ = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, [None, 10])

 

    # 将单张图片从784维向量重新还原为28x28的矩阵图片

    x_image = tf.reshape(x, [-1, 28, 28, 1])

 

    # 第一层卷积层

    W_conv1 = weight_variable([5, 5, 1, 32])

    b_conv1 = bias_variable([32])

    h_conv1 = tf.nn.relu(conv2d(x_image, W_conv1) + b_conv1)

    h_pool1 = max_pool_2x2(h_conv1)

 

    # 第二层卷积层

    W_conv2 = weight_variable([5, 5, 32, 64])

    b_conv2 = bias_variable([64])

    h_conv2 = tf.nn.relu(conv2d(h_pool1, W_conv2) + b_conv2)

    h_pool2 = max_pool_2x2(h_conv2)

 

    # 全连接层，输出为1024维的向量

    W_fc1 = weight_variable([7 * 7 * 64, 1024])

    b_fc1 = bias_variable([1024])

    h_pool2_flat = tf.reshape(h_pool2, [-1, 7 * 7 * 64])

    h_fc1 = tf.nn.relu(tf.matmul(h_pool2_flat, W_fc1) + b_fc1)

    # 使用Dropout，keep_prob是一个占位符，训练时为0.5，测试时为1

    keep_prob = tf.placeholder(tf.float32)

    h_fc1_drop = tf.nn.dropout(h_fc1, keep_prob)

 

    # 把1024维的向量转换成10维，对应10个类别

    W_fc2 = weight_variable([1024, 10])

    b_fc2 = bias_variable([10])

    y_conv = tf.matmul(h_fc1_drop, W_fc2) + b_fc2

 

    # 我们不采用先Softmax再计算交叉熵的方法，而是直接用tf.nn.softmax_cross_entropy_with_logits直接计算

    cross_entropy = tf.reduce_mean(

        tf.nn.softmax_cross_entropy_with_logits(labels=y_, logits=y_conv))

    # 同样定义train_step

    train_step = tf.train.AdamOptimizer(1e-4).minimize(cross_entropy)

 

    # 定义测试的准确率

    correct_prediction = tf.equal(tf.argmax(y_conv, 1), tf.argmax(y_, 1))

    accuracy = tf.reduce_mean(tf.cast(correct_prediction, tf.float32))

 

    # 创建Session和变量初始化

    sess = tf.InteractiveSession()

    sess.run(tf.global_variables_initializer())

 

    # 训练20000步

    for i in range(20000):

        batch = mnist.train.next_batch(50)

        # 每100步报告一次在验证集上的准确度

        if i % 100 == 0:

            train_accuracy = accuracy.eval(feed_dict={

                x: batch[0], y_: batch[1], keep_prob: 1.0})

            print("step %d, training accuracy %g" % (i, train_accuracy))

        train_step.run(feed_dict={x: batch[0], y_: batch[1], keep_prob: 0.5})

 

    # 训练结束后报告在测试集上的准确度

    print("test accuracy %g" % accuracy.eval(feed_dict={

        x: mnist.test.images, y_: mnist.test.labels, keep_prob: 1.0}))