按键驱动程序设计笔记

最新推荐文章于 2024-02-02 22:59:57 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-02-02 22:59:57 发布

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/*本来友善的程序是检测上升沿和下降沿的，

当按下按键，输出 KEY？ down
当弹下按键，输出 KEY？ up
现在修改成只检测下降沿按下的
*/
#include <linux/module.h>/*模块有关的*/
#include <linux/kernel.h>/*内核有关的*/
#include <linux/fs.h>/*文件系统有关的*/
#include <linux/init.h>/*init*/
#include <linux/delay.h> /*delay*/
#include <linux/poll.h>/*poll*/
#include <linux/irq.h>/*中断*/
#include <asm/irq.h>/*中断*/
#include <linux/interrupt.h>/*linux中断*/
#include <asm/uaccess.h>/*uaccess*/
#include <mach/regs-gpio.h> /*寄存器设置*/
#include <mach/hardware.h>/*hardware*/
#include <linux/platform_device.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <linux/miscdevice.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/gpio.h>
#define DEVICE_NAME "button"
struct button_irq_desc {
int irq;/*中断号*/
int pin;/*中断控制的寄存器*/
int pin_setting; /*中断的引脚*/
int number;/*按键编号*/
char *name;/*按键名称*/
};
static struct button_irq_desc button_irqs [] = {
{IRQ_EINT8 , S3C2410_GPG(0) , S3C2410_GPG0_EINT8 , 0, "KEY0"},
{IRQ_EINT11, S3C2410_GPG(3) , S3C2410_GPG3_EINT11 , 1, "KEY1"},
{IRQ_EINT13, S3C2410_GPG(5) , S3C2410_GPG5_EINT13 , 2, "KEY2"},
{IRQ_EINT14, S3C2410_GPG(6) , S3C2410_GPG6_EINT14 , 3, "KEY3"},
{IRQ_EINT15, S3C2410_GPG(7) , S3C2410_GPG7_EINT15 , 4, "KEY4"},
{IRQ_EINT19, S3C2410_GPG(11), S3C2410_GPG11_EINT19, 5, "KEY5"},
};
/*存放按键操作结果*/
static volatile char key_values [] = {'0', '0', '0', '0', '0', '0'};
/*创建一个等待队列*/
static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(button_waitq);
/*按键标志位*/
static volatile int ev_press = 0;
static irqreturn_t buttons_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
{
/*这里注意*/
struct button_irq_desc *button_irqs = (struct button_irq_desc *)dev_id;
if ('0'== key_values[button_irqs->number]) { // Changed
key_values[button_irqs->number] = '1';
}
else if('1' == key_values[button_irqs->number]){
key_values[button_irqs->number] = '0';
}
ev_press = 1;
wake_up_interruptible(&button_waitq);//有数据可读，唤醒读进程
return IRQ_RETVAL(IRQ_HANDLED);
}
static int s3c24xx_buttons_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
int i;
int err = 0;
for (i = 0; i < sizeof(button_irqs)/sizeof(button_irqs[0]); i++)
{
if (button_irqs[i].irq < 0)
{
continue;
}
/*
int request_irq(unsigned int irq, void (*handler)(int, void*, struct pt_regs *), unsigned long flags, const char *devname, void *dev_id)
返回0表示成功，或者返回一个错误码
参数：
irq：中断号
handler：中断处理函数
flags：与中断管理有关的各种选项
devname：设备名
dev_id：共享中断时使用
不同中断号注册同一中断处理函数buttons_interrupt
IRQ_TYPE_EDGE_BOTH (IRQ_TYPE_EDGE_FALLING | IRQ_TYPE_EDGE_RISING)
上升沿或者下降沿产生中断
(void *)&button_irqs[i] 把结构体数组变量地址给void *dev_id
*/
err = request_irq(button_irqs[i].irq, buttons_interrupt, IRQ_TYPE_EDGE_RISING,
button_irqs[i].name, (void *)&button_irqs[i]);
if (err)
break;
}
if (err) {
i--;
for (; i >= 0; i--) {
if (button_irqs[i].irq < 0) {
continue;
}
disable_irq(button_irqs[i].irq);
free_irq(button_irqs[i].irq, (void *)&button_irqs[i]);
}
return -EBUSY;
}
ev_press = 1;//按下
return 0;
}
static int s3c24xx_buttons_close(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < sizeof(button_irqs)/sizeof(button_irqs[0]); i++) {
if (button_irqs[i].irq < 0) {
continue;
}
free_irq(button_irqs[i].irq, (void *)&button_irqs[i]);
}
return 0;
}
/*read函数读取key_values数组的结果*/
/*由它读取键盘输入的结果*/
/*实质上就是读取key_values数组的值*/
/*它完成了键盘作为输入设备的核心功能*/
/*数组是否可读,要根据标志位ev_press来判断*/
/*如果数组可读,则读取数据到用户buffer中*/
/*如果数组不可读,则读进程进入等待队列,等待到数组可读为止*/
/*等待队列机制,是中断管理中常用到的机制*/
/*因为有些进程经常需要等待某一事件的发生*/
static int s3c24xx_buttons_read(struct file *filp, char __user *buff, size_t count, loff_t *offp)
{
unsigned long err;
if (!ev_press) {//没按下时
/*看看用户有没有要求不阻塞*/
if (filp->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK)
return -EAGAIN;
else
/*阻塞在button_waitq 等待队列上*/
/*此时没数据可读，让读进程阻塞掉*/
wait_event_interruptible(button_waitq, ev_press);//ev_press=1时，返回
}
//这时是ev_press = 1
ev_press = 0;
/*把键值读到用户*/
err = copy_to_user(buff, (const void *)key_values, min(sizeof(key_values), count));
return err ? -EFAULT : min(sizeof(key_values), count);
}
static unsigned int s3c24xx_buttons_poll( struct file *file, struct poll_table_struct *wait)
{
unsigned int mask = 0;
poll_wait(file, &button_waitq, wait);
if (ev_press)//为1的时候按键按下
mask |= POLLIN | POLLRDNORM;
return mask;
}
static struct file_operations dev_fops = {
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
.open = s3c24xx_buttons_open,
.release = s3c24xx_buttons_close,
.read = s3c24xx_buttons_read,
.poll = s3c24xx_buttons_poll,
};
static struct miscdevice misc = {
.minor = MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR,//动态次设备号
.name = DEVICE_NAME,
.fops = &dev_fops,//关联文件操作
};
static int __init dev_init(void)
{
int ret;
/*混杂设备注册*/
ret = misc_register(&misc);
printk (DEVICE_NAME"\tinitialized\n");
return ret;
}
static void __exit dev_exit(void)
{
misc_deregister(&misc);
}
module_init(dev_init);
module_exit(dev_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_AUTHOR("Bai");
测试程序：<PRE class=cpp name="code">#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/select.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <errno.h>
int main(void)
{
int buttons_fd;
char buttons[6] = {'0', '0', '0', '0', '0', '0'};
buttons_fd = open("/dev/button", 0);
if (buttons_fd < 0) {
perror("open device buttons");
exit(1);
}
for (;;) {
char current_buttons[6];
int i;
if (read(buttons_fd, current_buttons, sizeof current_buttons) != sizeof current_buttons) {
perror("read buttons:");
exit(1);
}
for (i = 0; i < sizeof buttons / sizeof buttons[0]; i++) {
if (buttons[i] != current_buttons[i]) {
buttons[i] = current_buttons[i];
printf("The %d key is pressed!\n",i+1);
}
}
}
close(buttons_fd);
return 0;
}
</PRE>
1.中断处理函数
static irqreturn_t buttons_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)；
每次按键触发中断，进入中断处理函数，进行相关操作。
中断资源弥足珍贵，最好选择在打开设备即需要使用时注册，而不是装载模块时，若退出模块时请切记释放中断资源。
2.工作队列
static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(button_waitq);
创建了一个等待队列，每当有一按键按下，激活队列中一个等待的任务。
poll_wait(file, &button_waitq, wait);
监测进程队列button_waitq里的进程，如果ev_press置1，就跳出等待。
wait_event_interruptible(button_waitq, ev_press);
等待，当ev_press为1时，跳出。
wake_up_interruptible(&button_waitq);
数组可读，唤醒休眠的进程。
<IMG alt="" src="http://hi.csdn.net/attachment/201110/11/0_1318293851lCk2.gif">
<DIV>
当加进udelay(20000);消抖动时，出现错误，没网上，有空再搞搞
insmod button.ko
button: Unknown symbol __bad_udelay
insmod: cannot insert 'button.ko': unknown symbol in module or invalid paramete
</DIV>
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