KVC设置属性

Main.m

#import "Person.h"
#import "Dog.h"

int main(int argc, const char * argv[])
{

    @autoreleasepool {
        
       //创建person对象
        Person *person = [[Person alloc] init];
        
        //1.使用KVC设置属性的值
        [person setValue:@"zhangsan" forKey:@"name"];  //查找_name或者name
        
        //如果属性是基本数据类型,得先包装成对象
        [person setValue:@12 forKey:@"age"];
        
        [person showInfo];
        
        //2.通过KVC取得属性的值
        NSString *name = [person valueForKey:@"name"];
        NSLog(@"name:%@",name);
        
        //如果属性类型为基本数据类型，则返回的值会自动被包装NSNumber
        NSNumber *ageNum = [person valueForKey:@"age"];
        NSLog(@"age:%@",ageNum);
        
        /*
         KVC设置值的时候，如果此属性有setter方法，则会优先调用setter方法，如果没有则直接设置值
         KVC取值的时候，如果此属性有getter方法，则会优先调用getter方法，如果没有则直接取值
         */
        
        Dog *dog = [[Dog alloc] init];  //dog:1
        
        //使用KVC设置person的dog属性
        //注意此处：dog设置给person的属性，计数值加一
        [person setValue:dog forKey:@"dog"];
        
        NSLog(@"dog:%ld",dog.retainCount);
        
        [person release];
        [dog release];
        
    }
    return 0;
}

Person.h

@class Dog;

@interface Person : NSObject {

@private
    NSString *_name;
    NSInteger _age;
    Dog *_dog;
}

- (void)setName:(NSString *)name;

//打印个人信息
- (void)showInfo;

Person.m

#import "Dog.h"

@implementation Person

- (void)dealloc
{
    NSLog(@"person dealloc");
    
    [_dog release];
    [_name release];
    
    [super dealloc];
}

- (void)setName:(NSString *)name {

    if (_name != name) {
        [_name release];
        _name = [name retain];
    }
    
    NSLog(@"调用了自己写的setter方法");
}

//打印个人信息
- (void)showInfo {

    NSLog(@"name:%@ age:%ld",_name,_age);
    
}

Dog.h

@interface Dog : NSObject

Dog.m

- (void)dealloc
{
    NSLog(@"dog dealloc");
    
    [super dealloc];
}