受文章 https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/1069460/how-many-distinct-values-of-floorn-i-exists-for-i-1-to-n 的启发,对 ⌊Nk⌋ ⌊ N k ⌋ 进行分析,可得出如下一些结论:
∀N∈Z+: ∀ N ∈ Z + :
∀k∈N,1≤k≤⌊N−−√⌋,⌊Nk⌋ ∀ k ∈ N , 1 ≤ k ≤ ⌊ N ⌋ , ⌊ N k ⌋ 都不相同
证明: ∀k∈N,1<k≤⌊N−−√⌋,Nk−1−Nk=Nk(k−1)>Nk2≥1 ∀ k ∈ N , 1 < k ≤ ⌊ N ⌋ , N k − 1 − N k = N k ( k − 1 ) > N k 2 ≥ 1
⇒⌊Nk−1⌋≥⌊Nk+1⌋=⌊Nk⌋+1 ⇒ ⌊ N k − 1 ⌋ ≥ ⌊ N k + 1 ⌋ = ⌊ N k ⌋ + 1易知, ∀k∈N,1≤k≤⌊N−−√⌋,⌊N⌊N√⌋⌋≤⌊Nk⌋≤N ∀ k ∈ N , 1 ≤ k ≤ ⌊ N ⌋ , ⌊ N ⌊ N ⌋ ⌋ ≤ ⌊ N k ⌋ ≤ N
⌊N⌊N√⌋⌋=⌊N−−√⌋⇔⌊N−−√⌋≤N⌊N√⌋<⌊N−−√⌋+1⇔⌊N−−√⌋(⌊N−−√⌋+1)>N ⌊ N ⌊ N ⌋ ⌋ = ⌊ N ⌋ ⇔ ⌊ N ⌋ ≤ N ⌊ N ⌋ < ⌊ N ⌋ + 1 ⇔ ⌊ N ⌋ ( ⌊ N ⌋ + 1 ) > N
⌊N⌊N