python 学习点滴

一 、这样时出错：

>>> import PIL

>>> PIL.Image
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>

AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'Image'

改为这样就好了：

>>> from PIL import Image
>>> Image

<module 'PIL.Image' from '/usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/PIL/Image.pyc'>

原因：

PIL's __init__.py is just an empty stub as is common. It won't magically import anything by itself.

When you do from PIL import Image it looks in the PIL package and finds the file Image.py and imports that. When you do PIL.Image you are actually doing an attribute lookup on the PIL module (which is just an empty stub unless you explicitly import stuff).

In fact, importing a module usually doesn't import submodules. os.path is a famous exception, since the os module is magic. 

二、

np.zeros((5,1), dtype=numpy.int)

用一个列表来确定for循环的范围

x = [1,2,3,4]
for i in x:
  print i

for i in range(5):
print str(i) + ' is the current value'

np.degrees(rad)

>>> I = numpy.asarray(PIL.Image.open('test.jpg'))
Do some stuff to I, then, convert it back to an image:
>>> im = PIL.Image.fromarray(numpy.uint8(I))