Java_IO流——字符流

分类：

        字符输入流：Reader

        字符输出流：Writer

编码：

        String str="大鱼";

        byte[] bytes = str.getBytes();//返回字节数组

         byte[] bytes1 = str.getBytes("UTF-8");//返回指定格式的字节数组

        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(bytes));//[-27, -92, -89, -23, -79, -68]         System.out.println(Arrays.toString(bytes1));//[-27, -92, -89, -23, -79, -68]

        默认的格式是UFT-8

解码：

        String s=new String(bytes,"UTF-8")；//返回自定义编码格式的字符串

        String s1=new String(bytes)；//返回指定格式的字符串

        System.Out.Println(s);

字符流写数据：

OutputStreamWriter

FileWriter：用法与OutputStreamWriter类似，但遇见编码还是用OutputStreamWriter

OutputStreamWriter opsw = new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream("IOTest.txt"));
opsw.write(92);//写入字符
opsw.write("Hello");//字符串
char[] ch={'a','b','c'};//字符数组
opsw.write(ch);
opsw.write(ch,0,2);//写入字符数组的一部分
opsw.flush();//刷新
opsw.close();//释放资源

字符流读数据

InputStreamReader

FileReader：用法与InputStreamReader类似，但遇见编码还是用InputStreamReader

InputStreamReader ipsr = new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream("IOTest.txt"));
char[] chars = new char[1024];
int len;
while ((len= ipsr.read(chars))!=-1){
    System.out.println(new String(chars,0,len));//
}
ipsr.close();

文件的复制

FileReader fr = new FileReader("IOTest.txt");//复制地址
FileWriter fw = new FileWriter("test.txt");//目标地址
char[] chars = new char[1024];
int len;
while ((len=fr.read(chars))!=-1){
    fw.write(len);
    fw.flush();

}
fw.close();
fr.close();

字符缓冲流

BufferedReader：（字符缓冲流读数据）：用法类似

BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("IOTest.txt"));
char[] chars = new char[1024];
int len;
while ((len=reader.read(chars))!=-1){
    System.out.println(new String(chars,0,len));

}
reader.close();

BufferedWriter：（字符缓冲流写数据）：用法类似

BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("test.txt"));
writer.write("java");
writer.flush();
writer.close();

字符缓冲流特有功能 

BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("IOTest.txt"));
BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("test.txt"));
String str;
while ((str = reader.readLine()) != null) {//读取一行，不换行
    writer.write(str);
    writer.newLine();//创建新的一行
    writer.flush();
}
reader.close();
writer.close();