并发编程之进程间通信

 

管道通信代码示例：

from multiprocessing import Pipe
from multiprocessing import Process
import os
import time

f1, f2 = Pipe()
jobs = []

def f01(name):
    time.sleep(2)
    f1.send({name: os.getpid()})

for i in range(6):
    p = Process(target=f01, args=(i,))
    jobs.append(p)
    p.start()

for i in range(6):
    data = f2.recv()
    print(data)

for i in jobs:
    i.join()

 

  

q.get()：当队列为空时阻塞

q.put()： 当队列为满时阻塞

代码示例：

 

import os
from multiprocessing import Queue
from multiprocessing import Process
import time
from random import randint

q = Queue(3)

def request():
    print(os.getpid(), os.getppid())
    for i in range(20):
        x = randint(0, 99)
        y = randint(1, 199)
        q.put((x, y))

def handle():
    while 1:
        time.sleep(0.5)
        print(os.getpid(), os.getppid())

        try:
                x, y = q.get(timeout=2)

        except:

                break

        else:
                print(x, y)

p1 = Process(target=request)
p2 = Process(target=handle)
p1.start()
p2.start()
p1.join()
p2.join()
 

共享内存：未对内存结构做修改，所以效率高

示例代码：

from multiprocessing import Process
from multiprocessing import Value
import time, random

mem = Value("i", 100)

def man():
    for i in range(10):
        time.sleep(0.2)
        mem.value += random.randint(1, 1000)

def girl():
    for i in range(10):
        time.sleep(0.2)
        mem.value -= random.randint(1, 100)

p1 = Process(target=man)
p2 = Process(target=girl)
p1.start()
p2.start()
p1.join()
p2.join()
print(mem.value)

 

示例代码：

from multiprocessing import Process, Array

shm = Array("i", 5)

def f01():
    for i in shm:
        print(i)

p = Process(target=f01)
p.start()
p.join()

 

from multiprocessing import Process, Array

shm = Array("c", b"hello")

def f01():
    for i in shm:
        print(i)
    shm[0] = b"H"

p = Process(target=f01)
p.start()
p.join()

print(shm.value)