示例1
输入:str = "3+1*4"
输出:7
示例2
输入:str = "48*((70-65)-43)+8*1"
输出:-1816
思路
1. 对括号内的部分进行递归;
2. 运算符优先级的问题,遇到"*" 和 "/" 号优先计算,遇到加和减暂时不处理,最后统一处理;
3. 对于像3 + (-3)中,后面的(-3) 部分,在负号前加一个0变成(0-3),使之成为一般的数学表达式。
实现
void addNum(stack<int>& Data, stack<char>& cal, int num) {
if (!Data.empty() && !cal.empty())
{
if (cal.top() == '*')
{
int topNum = Data.top();
num *= topNum;
Data.pop();
Data.push(num);
cal.pop();
} else if (cal.top() == '/')
{
int topNum = Data.top();
num = topNum / num;
Data.pop();
Data.push(num);
cal.pop();
} else {
Data.push(num);
}
} else {
Data.push(num);
}
}
int calMathExpression(string data, int& index) {
if (data.length() == 0)
{
return 0;
}
int num = 0;
stack<int> Data;
stack<char> cal;
while (index < data.length() && data[index] != ')')
{
if (data[index] >= '0' && data[index] <= '9')
{
while (index < data.length() && data[index] >= '0' && data[index] <= '9')
{
num = num * 10 + data[index] - '0';
index++;
}
addNum(Data, cal, num);
num = 0;
} else if (data[index] != '(')
{
if (Data.empty())
{
Data.push(0);
}
cal.push(data[index]);
index++;
} else {
int start = index + 1;
num = calMathExpression(data, start);
addNum(Data, cal, num);
index = start + 1;
num = 0;
}
}
while (!cal.empty()) {
int num1 = Data.top();
Data.pop();
int num2 = Data.top();
Data.pop();
char topCal = cal.top();
cal.pop();
if (topCal == '+')
{
num2 += num1;
} else {
num2 -= num1;
}
Data.push(num2);
}
return Data.top();
}