STM32 Cube BMP180 获取温度、气压、海拔

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-10 13:41:05 发布

齐玉林

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-10 13:41:05 发布

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分类专栏： mcu 文章标签：物联网

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qilin001cs/article/details/118449795

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一. 介绍

BMP180中内置有E2PROM，所以要获取数据，就要使用I2C读写E2PROM来实现获取数据！

BMP180的整个流程：

1. 首先要初始化，读取几个E2PROM地址上的值共11个，用于温度和气压的计算

2. 读温度：

（1）使用：0xEE 写入操作，向地址：0xF4 ，数据： 0x2E 。表示：我要读温度啦

（2）等待 5ms

（3）使用：0xEF 读取操作，从0xF6，0xF7 上读取：温度未转化值

3. 读气压

（1）使用：0xEE 写入操作，向地址：0xF4 ，数据： 0xF4 。表示：我要读气压啦

（2）等待 26 ms

（3）使用：0xEF 读取操作，从0xF6，0xF7，0xF8 上读取：气压未转化值

这个表里：标注了 oss, 延迟时间，写入的数据字

4. 对初始化的11个数据和读取到的值进行数据运算，从而获取到温度，气压，海拔等参数

这里既然使用 E2PROM，我们就直接用 HAL库的，HAL_I2C_Mem_Write ，HAL_I2C_Mem_Read就能实现数据的读取和写入

二. 源码：

#include "main.h"
#include "i2c.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "gpio.h"
#include "stdio.h"
#include "math.h"


//BMP180
uint16_t BMP180_ADDR_W = 0xEE; // 气压传感器的写
uint16_t BMP180_MADDR_W= 0xF4; //写入的地址
uint16_t BMP180_CMD_WD = 0x2E; //温度，需要延迟4.5ms
uint16_t BMP180_CMD_QY = 0xF4;  //气压，需要延迟25.5ms
int osrs = 3;
uint16_t BMP180_ADDR_R = 0xEF; // 读，后的内容为 （MSB - 高位, LSB 低位 ）
uint16_t BMP180_MADDR_R = 0xF6;  // 读 F6,F7 2位
//BMP初始化
uint16_t BMP180_AC_BE = 0xAA; //从AA ~ BE
//定义BMP初始化变量
typedef struct {
	int16_t AC1;
	int16_t AC2;
	int16_t AC3;
	uint16_t AC4;
	uint16_t AC5;
	uint16_t AC6;
	int16_t B1;
	int16_t B2;
	int16_t MB;
	int16_t MC;
	int16_t MD;
	int32_t B5;
} BMP180_Calibration_TypeDef;
BMP180_Calibration_TypeDef BMP180_Calibration;



//485发送
void send485(uint8_t *pData,uint8_t len){
	// 485
	//接收：DE为0，RE为0，设置为接收
	//发送：DE为1，RE为 1，设置为发送

	//设置为发送
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_0, GPIO_PIN_SET); //PB0 = DE = 1
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_1, GPIO_PIN_SET); //PB1 = RE = 1
	//发送内容
	HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart3, pData, len, 1000);
	//重置为接收
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_0, GPIO_PIN_RESET); //PB0 = DE = 0
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_1, GPIO_PIN_RESET); //PB1 = RE = 0
}


/** I2C气压读取 **/
//初始化所有默认值
void BMP180_Init()
{
	uint8_t buffer[22];
	HAL_I2C_Mem_Read(&hi2c1, BMP180_ADDR_R, BMP180_AC_BE, I2C_MEMADD_SIZE_8BIT, (uint8_t *)buffer, 22, 3000);
	BMP180_Calibration.AC1 = (buffer[0]  << 8) | buffer[1];
	BMP180_Calibration.AC2 = (buffer[2]  << 8) | buffer[3];
	BMP180_Calibration.AC3 = (buffer[4]  << 8) | buffer[5];
	BMP180_Calibration.AC4 = (buffer[6]  << 8) | buffer[7];
	BMP180_Calibration.AC5 = (buffer[8]  << 8) | buffer[9];
	BMP180_Calibration.AC6 = (buffer[10]  << 8) | buffer[11];
	BMP180_Calibration.B1 = (buffer[12]  << 8) | buffer[13];
	BMP180_Calibration.B2 = (buffer[14]  << 8) | buffer[15];
	BMP180_Calibration.MB = (buffer[16]  << 8) | buffer[17];
	BMP180_Calibration.MC = (buffer[18]  << 8) | buffer[19];
	BMP180_Calibration.MD =(buffer[20]  << 8) | buffer[21];
}
//温度计算
int16_t BMP180_Calc_WD(uint16_t UT)
{
	BMP180_Calibration.B5  = (((int32_t)UT - (int32_t)BMP180_Calibration.AC6) * (int32_t)BMP180_Calibration.AC5) >> 15;
	BMP180_Calibration.B5 += ((int32_t)BMP180_Calibration.MC << 11) / (BMP180_Calibration.B5 + BMP180_Calibration.MD);
	return (BMP180_Calibration.B5 + 8) >> 4;
}
//气压计算
int32_t BMP180_Calc_QY(uint32_t UP, uint8_t oss)
{
	int32_t B3,B6,X3,p;
	uint32_t B4,B7;

	B6 = BMP180_Calibration.B5 - 4000;
	X3 = ((BMP180_Calibration.B2 * ((B6 * B6) >> 12)) >> 11) + ((BMP180_Calibration.AC2 * B6) >> 11);
	B3 = (((((int32_t)BMP180_Calibration.AC1) * 4 + X3) << oss) + 2) >> 2;
	X3 = (((BMP180_Calibration.AC3 * B6) >> 13) + ((BMP180_Calibration.B1 * ((B6 * B6) >> 12)) >> 16) + 2) >> 2;
	B4 = (BMP180_Calibration.AC4 * (uint32_t)(X3 + 32768)) >> 15;
	B7 = ((uint32_t)UP - B3) * (50000 >> oss);
	if (B7 < 0x80000000) p = (B7 << 1) / B4; else p = (B7 / B4) << 1;
	p = p + (((((p >> 8) * (p >> 8) * 3038) >> 16) + ((-7357 * p) >> 16) + 3791) >> 4);
	return p;
}
//海拔计算
int32_t BMP180_Calc_HB(int32_t Pa)
{
	return 44330 * (1 - pow( Pa/ 101325.0f, 1.0f / 5.255f));
}

//读取值
void BMP180_Value()
{
	uint8_t wddata[2];
	uint8_t qydata[3];

	//先读温度
	HAL_I2C_Mem_Write(&hi2c1, BMP180_ADDR_W, BMP180_MADDR_W, I2C_MEMADD_SIZE_8BIT, (uint8_t *)&BMP180_CMD_WD, 1, 1000);
	HAL_Delay(5);//5ms
	HAL_I2C_Mem_Read(&hi2c1, BMP180_ADDR_R, BMP180_MADDR_R, I2C_MEMADD_SIZE_8BIT, (uint8_t *)wddata, 2, 1000);

	//再读气压
	HAL_I2C_Mem_Write(&hi2c1, BMP180_ADDR_W, BMP180_MADDR_W, I2C_MEMADD_SIZE_8BIT, (uint8_t *)&BMP180_CMD_QY, 1, 1000);
	HAL_Delay(26);//26ms
	HAL_I2C_Mem_Read(&hi2c1, BMP180_ADDR_R, BMP180_MADDR_R, I2C_MEMADD_SIZE_8BIT, (uint8_t *)qydata, 3, 1000);

	//做一下温度计算
	uint16_t UT = (wddata[0]<<8 ) | wddata[1];
	uint16_t temperature = BMP180_Calc_WD(UT);
	uint8_t tem[2];
	tem[0] = (temperature >> 8)&0xff;
	tem[1] = temperature &0xff;
	//发送到485
	send485((uint8_t *)tem, 2);
	HAL_Delay(200);
	//做气压运算
	uint32_t UP = (qydata[0] << 16) | (qydata[1] <<8) | qydata[2] >> (8 - osrs);
	uint32_t pressure = BMP180_Calc_QY(UP,osrs); //气压值
	uint8_t pre[4];
	pre[0] = pressure >> 24;
	pre[1] = (pressure >> 16)&0xff;
	pre[2] = (pressure >> 8)&0xff;
	pre[3] = pressure &0xff ;
	send485((uint8_t *)pre, 4);
	HAL_Delay(200);
	//计算海拔
	uint32_t high = BMP180_Calc_HB(pressure);
	uint8_t hi[4];
	hi[0] = high >> 24;
	hi[1] = (high >> 16)&0xff;
	hi[2] = (high >> 8)&0xff;
	hi[3] = high &0xff ;
	send485((uint8_t *)hi, 4);
	HAL_Delay(200);
}

int main(void)
{
  
  HAL_Init();
  SystemClock_Config();
  MX_GPIO_Init();
  MX_I2C1_Init();
  MX_USART3_UART_Init();

  BMP180_Init();
  while (1)
  {
	BMP180_Value();
	HAL_Delay(5000);
  }
}

三.演示效果：