java-gui编程

GUI的组件

1.窗口、弹窗、面板、文本框、列表框、按钮、图片、监听事件

一、简介

GUI的核心技术：Swing、AWT

1.界面不美观 2.需要jre

目的：1.写出需要的小工具 2.了解MVC、了解监听

二、AWT

1.AWT简介：有很多接口和类

2.元素：

3,frame

package GUI;

import java.awt.*;

public class TextFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Frame frame = new Frame("第一个窗口");
        //设置窗口可见性
        frame.setVisible(true);
        //设置窗口大小
        frame.setSize(400,400);
        //设置颜色
        frame.setBackground(new Color(85,150,68));
        //弹出位置
        frame.setLocation(200,200);
        //设置大小固定
        frame.setResizable(false);
    }
}

存在一个问题，关不掉

多个窗口

package GUI;

import java.awt.*;

public class TextFrame2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyFrame myFrame1 = new MyFrame(100,100,100,100,Color.DARK_GRAY);
        MyFrame myFrame2 = new MyFrame(300,100,100,100,Color.DARK_GRAY);
        MyFrame myFrame3 = new MyFrame(100,300,100,100,Color.DARK_GRAY);
        MyFrame myFrame4 = new MyFrame(300,300,100,100,Color.DARK_GRAY);

    }
}

class MyFrame extends Frame
{
    static int id = 0;
    public  MyFrame(int x,int y,int h,int w,Color color){
        super("id"+ (++id));
        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(x,y,w,h);
        setBackground(color);


    }
}

4.panel(面板）

可以看成一个空间，不能单独存在，只能存在在frame上

package GUI;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TextPanle {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        Panel panel = new Panel();
        //设置布局
        frame.setLayout(null);
        //设置坐标、
        frame.setBounds(100,100,100,100);
        frame.setBackground(Color.GREEN);
        //相对于frame设置面板坐标
        panel.setBounds(50,50,50,50);
        //设置panel颜色
        panel.setBackground(new Color(215, 14, 14));

        frame.add(panel);
        frame.setVisible(true);

        //监听 System.exit（0）
        //关闭事件
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e)
            {
                System.exit(0);
            }

        });

    }
}

解决了关闭事件

5.布局管理器（layout)

流式布局：从左到右

package GUI;

import java.awt.*;

public class TextFlowLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();

        //组件-按钮
        Button button1 = new Button("button1");
        Button button2 = new Button("button2");
        Button button3 = new Button("button3");
        frame.setBounds(200,200,200,200);

        frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));
        frame.add(button1);
        frame.add(button2);
        frame.add(button3);

        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

东南西北中

package GUI;

import java.awt.*;

public class TextBorderLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("BorderLayout");
        frame.setBounds(100,100,100,100);

        Button east = new Button("east");
        Button west = new Button("west");
        Button north = new Button("north");
        Button south = new Button("south");
        Button center = new Button("center");

        frame.add(east,BorderLayout.EAST);
        frame.add(west,BorderLayout.WEST);
        frame.add(north,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(south,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        frame.add(center,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        frame.setVisible(true);

    }
}

表格布局

package GUI;

import java.awt.*;

public class TextGridLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("TextGridLayout");
        frame.setBounds(100, 100, 100, 100);

        Button button1 = new Button("button1");
        Button button2 = new Button("button2");
        Button button3 = new Button("button3");
        Button button4 = new Button("button4");


        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3, 2));

        frame.add(button1);
        frame.add(button2);
        frame.add(button3);
        frame.add(button4);

        frame.pack();//Java函数
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

6.事件监听

package GUI;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TextAcitonEvent {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //按下按钮，发生事件
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        Button button = new Button();
        //因为addActionListener需要一个ActionListener
        MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
        button.addActionListener(myActionListener);

        frame.add(button,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
        windowClose(frame);

    }
    private static void windowClose(Frame frame)
    {
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e)
            {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

class MyActionListener implements ActionListener
{

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        System.out.print("aaa");

    }
}

多个按钮只写一个监听类

package GUI;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TextAcitonEvent {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //按下按钮，发生事件
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        Button button1 = new Button("button1");
        Button button2 = new Button("button2");

        //可以显示定义，不定义则走默认标签
        button2.setActionCommand("renew-button2");

        MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
        //多个按钮只写一个监听类
        button1.addActionListener(myActionListener);
        button2.addActionListener(myActionListener);

        frame.add(button1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(button2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);


        frame.setVisible(true);
        windowClose(frame);

    }
    //关闭事件
    private static void windowClose(Frame frame)
    {
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e)
            {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}
//监听触发
class MyActionListener implements ActionListener
{

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        System.out.print("aaa "+e.getActionCommand());

    }
}

7.输入框 textField

package GUI;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TextField {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //main方法里只有启动
        new MyFrame();
    }
}

class MyFrame extends Frame{
    public MyFrame()
    {
       TextField textField = new TextField();
       add(textField);




       //监听这个文本框输入的文字
        textField.addACtionListener(myActionListener2);

    }


}
class MyActionListener2 implements ActionListener
{

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        e.getSource();
    }
}

7.简易计算器

package GUI;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TextCal {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Calculator calculator = new Calculator();

    }
}

class Calculator extends Frame
{
    //三个文本框、一个按钮、一个标签
    public Calculator()
    {
        TextField num1 = new TextField(10);
        TextField num2 = new TextField(10);
        TextField num3 = new TextField(10);

        Button button = new Button("=");
        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(this));

        Label label = new Label("+");

        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);

        pack();

        setVisible(true);

    }
}

//监听器
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener
{

    Calculator calculator = null;
    public MyCalculatorListener(Calculator calculator)
    {
        this.calculator = calculator;
    }

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num1.getText());
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num2.getText());
        calculator.num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));


        num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));

        num1.setText("");
        num2.setText("");

    }
}