AndroidX提供的DataBinding可以实现数据与UI的双向绑定,对Android APP的开发提供很大灵活性,通过在Layout XML中提供数据与UI控件的映射关系,在Activity编程中只需要操作数据对象,UI界面就可以自动更新。
上述过程都是DataBinding自动完成的,我们只要按照约定编程就可以实现。参照下面例程理解绑定过程。
例程一
新建Android工程
使用Android Studio开发工具创建工程,
修改app模块中的build.gradle配置文件
添加如下依赖和配置
dataBinding {
enabled = true
}
api 'android.arch.lifecycle:extensions:1.1.1'
api 'com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:2.5.0'
api 'com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-scalars:2.3.0'
api 'com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:2.4.0'
api 'com.squareup.retrofit2:adapter-rxjava2:2.4.0'
api 'io.reactivex.rxjava2:rxjava:2.1.16'
api 'io.reactivex.rxjava2:rxandroid:2.0.2'
api 'androidx.recyclerview:recyclerview:1.1.0'
api 'com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.9.0'
api 'com.android.support:design:29.0.0'
api 'androidx.viewpager2:viewpager2:1.0.0'
api 'com.google.android.material:material:1.1.0'
implementation 'com.nostra13.universalimageloader:universal-image-loader:1.9.5'
完整的build.gradle文件内容
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
android {
compileSdkVersion 29
dataBinding {
enabled = true
}
defaultConfig {
applicationId "com.hk.testapp"
minSdkVersion 16
targetSdkVersion 29
versionCode 1
versionName "1.0"
testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
}
buildTypes {
release {
minifyEnabled false
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android-optimize.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
}
}
}
dependencies {
implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
api 'android.arch.lifecycle:extensions:1.1.1'
api 'com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:2.5.0'
api 'com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-scalars:2.3.0'
api 'com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:2.4.0'
api 'com.squareup.retrofit2:adapter-rxjava2:2.4.0'
api 'io.reactivex.rxjava2:rxjava:2.1.16'
api 'io.reactivex.rxjava2:rxandroid:2.0.2'
api 'androidx.recyclerview:recyclerview:1.1.0'
api 'com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.9.0'
api 'com.android.support:design:29.0.0'
api 'androidx.viewpager2:viewpager2:1.0.0'
api 'com.google.android.material:material:1.1.0'
implementation 'com.nostra13.universalimageloader:universal-image-loader:1.9.5'
implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.1.0'
implementation 'androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:1.1.3'
testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:junit:1.1.1'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.2.0'
}
创建MainActivity
默认创建的Layout布局视图是androidx.coordinatorlayout.widget.CoordinatorLayout类型的,在此类型无法测试DataBinding例程,Google可能做了更多的封装,使用其他方式实现DataBinding,我们使用layout View
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<layout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools">
<data>
<variable name="course" type="com.hk.testapp.Course" />
</data>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:gravity="center"
android:orientation="vertical">
<TextView
android:id="@+id/name"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@{course.name}"
android:textSize="24sp" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/score"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text='@{course.score+""}'
android:textSize="24sp" />
<EditText
android:id="@+id/teacher"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:ems="10"
android:inputType="textPersonName"
android:textSize="24sp"
android:text="@{course.teacher}" />
</LinearLayout>
<!--
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:gravity="center"
>
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text='@{teacher.name+""}'
android:visibility="@{teacher.super ? View.VISIBLE : View.GONE}"
android:textSize="20sp" />
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text='@{user2.firstName}'
android:textSize="20sp" />
<ImageView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/button"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@{course.name}"
tools:layout_editor_absoluteX="183dp"
tools:layout_editor_absoluteY="297dp"
android:onClick="@{handle.onClick}"/>
</LinearLayout>
-->
</layout>
定义一个数据对象com.hk.testapp.Course,并且将其属性绑定到UI控件上
Couse课程类
package com.hk.testapp;
public class Course {
private String name = null;
private Integer score = null;
private String teacher = null;
public Course(String name,Integer score,String teacher)
{
this.name = name;
this.score = score;
this.teacher = teacher;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Integer getScore() {
return score;
}
public void setScore(Integer score) {
this.score = score;
}
public String getTeacher() {
return teacher;
}
public void setTeacher(String teacher) {
this.teacher = teacher;
}
}
MainActivity类
package com.hk.testapp;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.databinding.DataBindingUtil;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.util.Log;
import com.hk.testapp.databinding.ActivityMainBinding;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private ActivityMainBinding binding = null;
private Course course = null;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
binding = DataBindingUtil.setContentView(this, R.layout.activity_main);
course = new Course("Math", 100,"ChenQX");
binding.setCourse(course);
after10seconds();
}
private void after10seconds() {
new Handler().postDelayed(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
course = new Course("Chinese", 120,"陈岐祥");
binding.setCourse(course);
Log.e("After10Seconds...",course.getTeacher());
}
}, 10000);
}
}
执行结果:
界面等待10秒钟后,对数据对象重新赋值,观察界面变化
例程二
在例程一中,重新赋值必须调用一次bind.setObject方法
我们在数据实体类上添加Binding注解方法,并且在set方法中通知观察者就不需要定义此方法。
package com.hk.testapp;
import androidx.databinding.BaseObservable;
import androidx.databinding.Bindable;
public class Teacher extends BaseObservable {
private String name = null;
private Integer age = null;
public Teacher(String name,Integer age)
{
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}
@Bindable
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
notifyPropertyChanged(BR.name);
}
@Bindable
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
notifyPropertyChanged(BR.age);
}
}
Main2Activity
package com.hk.testapp;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.databinding.DataBindingUtil;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.util.Log;
import com.hk.testapp.databinding.ActivityMain2Binding;
public class Main2Activity extends AppCompatActivity {
private ActivityMain2Binding binding = null;
private Teacher teacher = null;
private Teacher2 teacher2 = null;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main2);
binding = DataBindingUtil.setContentView(this, R.layout.activity_main2);
teacher = new Teacher("ChenQX", 40);
binding.setTeacher(teacher);
teacher2 = new Teacher2();
teacher2.name.set("Chenqx2");
teacher2.age.set(42);
binding.setTeacher2(teacher2);
after10seconds();
}
private void after10seconds() {
new Handler().postDelayed(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
teacher.setName("陈岐祥");
teacher2.name.set("陈岐祥2");
Log.e("After10Seconds...",teacher.getName());
}
}, 10000);
}
}
例程二中数据类的另一种写法,代码更加简洁
package com.hk.testapp;
import androidx.databinding.ObservableField;
import androidx.databinding.ObservableInt;
public class Teacher2 {
public final ObservableField<String> name = new ObservableField<>();
public final ObservableInt age = new ObservableInt();
}
例程三(绑定列表)
定义Layout View控件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<layout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<data>
<variable name="course" type="com.hk.testapp.Course"/>
</data>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:padding="10dp"
android:orientation="horizontal">
<TextView
android:layout_width="150dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@{course.name}"
android:textSize="24sp" />
<TextView
android:layout_width="150dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@{course.teacher}"
android:textSize="24sp" />
<TextView
android:layout_width="150dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text='@{course.score+""}'
android:textSize="24sp" />
</LinearLayout>
</layout>
定义RecyclerView控件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<layout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools">
<data>
<variable name="course" type="com.hk.testapp.Course" />
</data>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:gravity="center">
<androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
android:id="@+id/recycler_view"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"/>
</LinearLayout>
</layout>
定义Adapter适配类
package com.hk.testapp;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView;
import com.hk.testapp.databinding.CourseItemBinding;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class ListAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<ListAdapter.ListHolder>{
private List<Course> courseList = new ArrayList<>();
public ListAdapter(List<Course> courseList) {
this.courseList = courseList;
}
@Override
public ListHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
return ListHolder.create(LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()), parent);
}
@Override
public void onBindViewHolder(ListHolder holder, int position) {
holder.bindTo(courseList.get(position));
}
@Override
public int getItemCount() {
if (courseList == null)
return 0;
return courseList.size();
}
static class ListHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
private CourseItemBinding binding;
static ListHolder create(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup parent) {
CourseItemBinding binding2 = CourseItemBinding.inflate(inflater, parent, false);
return new ListHolder(binding2);
}
private ListHolder(CourseItemBinding binding) {
super(binding.getRoot());
this.binding = binding;
}
public void bindTo(Course course) {
binding.setCourse(course);
binding.executePendingBindings();
}
}
}
定义Main3Activity
package com.hk.testapp;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.os.Bundle;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class Main3Activity extends AppCompatActivity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main3);
List<Course> data = new ArrayList<>();
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
Course c = new Course("Android"+i,i,"Teacher"+i);
data.add(c);
}
RecyclerView recyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.recycler_view);
LinearLayoutManager layoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(
this, LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL, false);
recyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
recyclerView.setAdapter(new ListAdapter(data));
}
}
RecyclerView 通过Adapter装载数据到UI层
测试双向绑定
将XML中的配置修改一下,即可实现双向绑定
Layout XML文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<layout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools">
<data>
<variable name="course" type="com.hk.testapp.Course" />
</data>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:gravity="center"
android:orientation="vertical">
<TextView
android:id="@+id/name"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@={course.name}"
android:textSize="24sp" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/score"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text='@={course.score+""}'
android:textSize="24sp" />
<EditText
android:id="@+id/teacher"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:ems="10"
android:inputType="textPersonName"
android:textSize="24sp"
android:text="@={course.name}" />
</LinearLayout>
<!--
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:gravity="center"
>
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text='@{teacher.name+""}'
android:visibility="@{teacher.super ? View.VISIBLE : View.GONE}"
android:textSize="20sp" />
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text='@{user2.firstName}'
android:textSize="20sp" />
<ImageView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/button"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@{course.name}"
tools:layout_editor_absoluteX="183dp"
tools:layout_editor_absoluteY="297dp"
android:onClick="@{handle.onClick}"/>
</LinearLayout>
-->
</layout>
Course数据类
package com.hk.testapp;
import androidx.databinding.BaseObservable;
import androidx.databinding.Bindable;
import androidx.databinding.ObservableField;
import androidx.databinding.ObservableInt;
public class Course extends BaseObservable {
public final ObservableField<String> name = new ObservableField<>();
public final ObservableInt score = new ObservableInt();
public final ObservableField<String> teacher = new ObservableField<>();
}
MainActivity
package com.hk.testapp;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.databinding.DataBindingUtil;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.util.Log;
import com.hk.testapp.databinding.ActivityMainBinding;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private ActivityMainBinding binding = null;
private Course course = null;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
binding = DataBindingUtil.setContentView(this, R.layout.activity_main);
course = new Course();
course.name.set("Math");
course.score.set(100);
binding.setCourse(course);
//after10seconds();
}
private void after10seconds() {
new Handler().postDelayed(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
// = new Course("Chinese", 120,"陈岐祥");
//binding.setCourse(course);
}
}, 10000);
}
}
代码下载
链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1Inn8P__qmjr0a06MTdnVZQ
提取码:wxpj