MonoState 单一状态模式

MonoState 单一状态模式

• MonoState模式与Singleton都是保证单一性的模式。但是它和Singleton有意图上的明显差别。Singleton的默认构造函数为private的,限制客户端直接new对象，并使用static的方式来保证类的对象单一; 而MonoState模式是构造函数声明为public，而将类中所有的字段声明为static。MonoState并不限制创建对象的个数，但是它的状态却只有一个状态.

public class SqlRequest {

    private String sqlRequest;

    public SqlRequest(String sqlRequest) {
        this.sqlRequest = sqlRequest;
    }

    public String getSqlRequest() {
        return sqlRequest;
    }

    public void setSqlRequest(String sqlRequest) {
        this.sqlRequest = sqlRequest;
    }
}

public class DataBase {
    private String name;

    public DataBase(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public void read(SqlRequest sqlRequest) {
        System.out.println(name + " 接收到参数" + sqlRequest.getSqlRequest());
        System.out.println(name + " 并读取数据 123");
    }

    public void write(SqlRequest sqlRequest) {
        System.out.println(name + " 接收到参数" + sqlRequest.getSqlRequest());
        System.out.println(name + " 并向数据库写入数据 456");
    }
}

public class DataBaseBalancer {

    public DataBaseBalancer() {}

    private static int lastServedId;
    private static List<DataBase> dataBases = new ArrayList<>();

    static {
        dataBases.add(new DataBase("数据源1"));
        dataBases.add(new DataBase("数据源2"));
    }

    public synchronized void serverRequest(SqlRequest request) {
        if (lastServedId >= dataBases.size()) {
            lastServedId = 0;
        }
        DataBase dataBase = dataBases.get(lastServedId++);
        dataBase.write(request);
        dataBase.read(request);
    }
}

public static void main(String[] args) {
        DataBaseBalancer dataBaseBalancer1 = new DataBaseBalancer();
        DataBaseBalancer dataBaseBalancer2 = new DataBaseBalancer();

        dataBaseBalancer1.serverRequest(new SqlRequest("请求1"));
        dataBaseBalancer2.serverRequest(new SqlRequest("请求2"));
    }

• 由上面的示例,DataBaseBalancer 内变量都用static修饰, 所以无论DataBaseBalancer的实例有多少个,操作的数据都是static的同一份.