使用深度学习的resnet(残差网络)卷积神经网络训练CIFAR10数据集代码实现

残差网络

与卷积模块并联一个跳跃连接（试情况将输入层原样跳跃，或池化跳跃），再与卷积模块做合并
保证不会在不断卷积的过程中梯度消失

代码实现

import tensorflow as tf
import os
import pickle
import numpy as np

CIFAR_DIR = "./cifar-10-batches-py"
print(os.listdir(CIFAR_DIR))


def load_data(filename):
    """read data from data file."""
    with open(filename, 'rb') as f:
        data = pickle.load(f, encoding='bytes')
        return data[b'data'], data[b'labels']


# tensorflow.Dataset.
class CifarData:
    def __init__(self, filenames, need_shuffle):
        all_data = []
        all_labels = []
        for filename in filenames:
            data, labels = load_data(filename)
            all_data.append(data)
            all_labels.append(labels)
        self._data = np.vstack(all_data)
        self._data = self._data / 127.5 - 1
        self._labels = np.hstack(all_labels)
        print(self._data.shape)
        print(self._labels.shape)

        self._num_examples = self._data.shape[0]
        self._need_shuffle = need_shuffle
        self._indicator = 0
        if self._need_shuffle:
            self._shuffle_data()

    def _shuffle_data(self):
        # [0,1,2,3,4,5] -> [5,3,2,4,0,1]
        p = np.random.permutation(self._num_examples)
        self._data = self._data[p]
        self._labels = self._labels[p]

    def next_batch(self, batch_size):
        """return batch_size examples as a batch."""
        end_indicator = self._indicator + batch_size
        if end_indicator > self._num_examples:
            if self._need_shuffle:
                self._shuffle_data()
                self._indicator = 0
                end_indicator = batch_size
            else:
                raise Exception("have no more examples")
        if end_indicator > self._num_examples:
            raise Exception("batch size is larger than all examples")
        batch_data = self._data[self._indicator: end_indicator]
        batch_labels = self._labels[self._indicator: end_indicator]
        self._indicator = end_indicator
        return batch_data, batch_labels


train_filenames = [os.path.join(CIFAR_DIR, 'data_batch_%d' % i) for i in range(1, 6)]
test_filenames = [os.path.join(CIFAR_DIR, 'test_batch')]

train_data = CifarData(train_filenames, True)
test_data = CifarData(test_filenames, False)


# 模型构建
def residual_block(x,out_put_channel): # x->32,32,32, opt->64
    # 残差网络构建
    input_channel = x.get_shape().as_list()[-1]
    if input_channel * 2 == out_put_channel:
        increase_dim = True
        strides = (2,2)
    elif input_channel == out_put_channel:
        increase_dim = False
        strides = (1,1)
    else:
        raise Exception('输入通道与输出通道不匹配')

    conv1 = tf.layers.conv2d(x,out_put_channel,(3,3),
                             strides=strides,
                             padding='same',activation=tf.nn.relu,
                             name='conv1')

    conv2 = tf.layers.conv2d(conv1,out_put_channel,(3,3),
                             strides=(1,1),
                             padding='same',activation=tf.nn.relu,
                             name='conv2')

    if increase_dim:
        pooled_x = tf.layers.average_pooling2d(x,(2,2),(2,2),padding='valid')

        padded_x = tf.pad(pooled_x,
                          [[0,0],
                           [0,0],
                           [0,0],
                           [input_channel // 2,input_channel // 2]])
    else:
        padded_x = x # 32,32,32

    output_x = conv2 + padded_x
    return output_x


def res_net(x,num_residual_blocks,# x_image, [2,3,2], 32, 10
            num_filter_base,
            class_num):
    num_subsampling = len(num_residual_blocks) # 3
    layers = []
    # x_shape = x.get_shape().as_list()[1:]

    # 构建基础卷积层
    with tf.variable_scope('conv0'):
        conv0 = tf.layers.conv2d(x,num_filter_base,
                                 (3,3),
                                 (1,1),
                                 padding='same',
                                 activation=tf.nn.relu,
                                 name='conv0') # [-1,32,32,32]
        layers.append(conv0)

    # 通过这个双循环，就构建好了残差网络
    for sample_id in range(num_subsampling): # for j in range(3):sample_id = 0,1,2

        for i in range(num_residual_blocks[sample_id]): # for i in range(3) i = 0,1,2
            with tf.variable_scope('conv%d_%d'%(sample_id,i)):
                conv = residual_block(layers[-1],
                                      num_filter_base*(2**sample_id))
                layers.append(conv)

    # 全连接层
    with tf.variable_scope('fc'):
        global_pool = tf.reduce_mean(layers[-1],[1,2]) # -1,8,8,128
        y_ = tf.layers.dense(global_pool,class_num)
        layers.append(y_)

    return layers[-1]


x = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, [None, 3072])
y = tf.placeholder(tf.int64, [None])
# [None], eg: [0,5,6,3]
x_image = tf.reshape(x, [-1, 3, 32, 32])
# 32*32
x_image = tf.transpose(x_image, perm=[0, 2, 3, 1])

y_ = res_net(x_image, [2,3,2], 32, 10)

loss = tf.losses.sparse_softmax_cross_entropy(labels=y, logits=y_)
# y_ -> sofmax
# y -> one_hot
# loss = ylogy_

# indices
predict = tf.argmax(y_, 1)
# [1,0,1,1,1,0,0,0]
correct_prediction = tf.equal(predict, y)
accuracy = tf.reduce_mean(tf.cast(correct_prediction, tf.float64))

with tf.name_scope('train_op'):
    train_op = tf.train.AdamOptimizer(1e-3).minimize(loss)
# Trainning
init = tf.global_variables_initializer()
batch_size = 20
train_steps = 10000
test_steps = 100

# run 10k: 73.75%
with tf.Session() as sess:
    sess.run(init)
    for i in range(train_steps):
        batch_data, batch_labels = train_data.next_batch(batch_size)
        loss_val, acc_val, _ = sess.run(
            [loss, accuracy, train_op],
            feed_dict={
                x: batch_data,
                y: batch_labels})
        if (i+1) % 500 == 0:
            print('[Train] Step: %d, loss: %4.5f, acc: %4.5f'
                  % (i+1, loss_val, acc_val))

        if (i+1) % 5000 == 0:
            test_data = CifarData(test_filenames, False)
            all_test_acc_val = []
            for j in range(test_steps):
                test_batch_data, test_batch_labels \
                    = test_data.next_batch(batch_size)
                test_acc_val = sess.run(
                    [accuracy],
                    feed_dict = {
                        x: test_batch_data,
                        y: test_batch_labels
                    })
                all_test_acc_val.append(test_acc_val)
            test_acc = np.mean(all_test_acc_val)
            print('[Test ] Step: %d, acc: %4.5f' % (i+1, test_acc))