残差网络
与卷积模块并联一个跳跃连接(试情况将输入层原样跳跃,或池化跳跃),再与卷积模块做合并
保证不会在不断卷积的过程中梯度消失
代码实现
import tensorflow as tf
import os
import pickle
import numpy as np
CIFAR_DIR = "./cifar-10-batches-py"
print(os.listdir(CIFAR_DIR))
def load_data(filename):
"""read data from data file."""
with open(filename, 'rb') as f:
data = pickle.load(f, encoding='bytes')
return data[b'data'], data[b'labels']
# tensorflow.Dataset.
class CifarData:
def __init__(self, filenames, need_shuffle):
all_data = []
all_labels = []
for filename in filenames:
data, labels = load_data(filename)
all_data.append(data)
all_labels.append(labels)
self._data = np.vstack(all_data)
self._data = self._data / 127.5 - 1
self._labels = np.hstack(all_labels)
print(self._data.shape)
print(self._labels.shape)
self._num_examples = self._data.shape[0]
self._need_shuffle = need_shuffle
self._indicator = 0
if self._need_shuffle:
self._shuffle_data()
def _shuffle_data(self):
# [0,1,2,3,4,5] -> [5,3,2,4,0,1]
p = np.random.permutation(self._num_examples)
self._data = self._data[p]
self._labels = self._labels[p]
def next_batch(self, batch_size):
"""return batch_size examples as a batch."""
end_indicator = self._indicator + batch_size
if end_indicator > self._num_examples:
if self._need_shuffle:
self._shuffle_data()
self._indicator = 0
end_indicator = batch_size
else:
raise Exception("have no more examples")
if end_indicator > self._num_examples:
raise Exception("batch size is larger than all examples")
batch_data = self._data[self._indicator: end_indicator]
batch_labels = self._labels[self._indicator: end_indicator]
self._indicator = end_indicator
return batch_data, batch_labels
train_filenames = [os.path.join(CIFAR_DIR, 'data_batch_%d' % i) for i in range(1, 6)]
test_filenames = [os.path.join(CIFAR_DIR, 'test_batch')]
train_data = CifarData(train_filenames, True)
test_data = CifarData(test_filenames, False)
# 模型构建
def residual_block(x,out_put_channel): # x->32,32,32, opt->64
# 残差网络构建
input_channel = x.get_shape().as_list()[-1]
if input_channel * 2 == out_put_channel:
increase_dim = True
strides = (2,2)
elif input_channel == out_put_channel:
increase_dim = False
strides = (1,1)
else:
raise Exception('输入通道与输出通道不匹配')
conv1 = tf.layers.conv2d(x,out_put_channel,(3,3),
strides=strides,
padding='same',activation=tf.nn.relu,
name='conv1')
conv2 = tf.layers.conv2d(conv1,out_put_channel,(3,3),
strides=(1,1),
padding='same',activation=tf.nn.relu,
name='conv2')
if increase_dim:
pooled_x = tf.layers.average_pooling2d(x,(2,2),(2,2),padding='valid')
padded_x = tf.pad(pooled_x,
[[0,0],
[0,0],
[0,0],
[input_channel // 2,input_channel // 2]])
else:
padded_x = x # 32,32,32
output_x = conv2 + padded_x
return output_x
def res_net(x,num_residual_blocks,# x_image, [2,3,2], 32, 10
num_filter_base,
class_num):
num_subsampling = len(num_residual_blocks) # 3
layers = []
# x_shape = x.get_shape().as_list()[1:]
# 构建基础卷积层
with tf.variable_scope('conv0'):
conv0 = tf.layers.conv2d(x,num_filter_base,
(3,3),
(1,1),
padding='same',
activation=tf.nn.relu,
name='conv0') # [-1,32,32,32]
layers.append(conv0)
# 通过这个双循环,就构建好了残差网络
for sample_id in range(num_subsampling): # for j in range(3):sample_id = 0,1,2
for i in range(num_residual_blocks[sample_id]): # for i in range(3) i = 0,1,2
with tf.variable_scope('conv%d_%d'%(sample_id,i)):
conv = residual_block(layers[-1],
num_filter_base*(2**sample_id))
layers.append(conv)
# 全连接层
with tf.variable_scope('fc'):
global_pool = tf.reduce_mean(layers[-1],[1,2]) # -1,8,8,128
y_ = tf.layers.dense(global_pool,class_num)
layers.append(y_)
return layers[-1]
x = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, [None, 3072])
y = tf.placeholder(tf.int64, [None])
# [None], eg: [0,5,6,3]
x_image = tf.reshape(x, [-1, 3, 32, 32])
# 32*32
x_image = tf.transpose(x_image, perm=[0, 2, 3, 1])
y_ = res_net(x_image, [2,3,2], 32, 10)
loss = tf.losses.sparse_softmax_cross_entropy(labels=y, logits=y_)
# y_ -> sofmax
# y -> one_hot
# loss = ylogy_
# indices
predict = tf.argmax(y_, 1)
# [1,0,1,1,1,0,0,0]
correct_prediction = tf.equal(predict, y)
accuracy = tf.reduce_mean(tf.cast(correct_prediction, tf.float64))
with tf.name_scope('train_op'):
train_op = tf.train.AdamOptimizer(1e-3).minimize(loss)
# Trainning
init = tf.global_variables_initializer()
batch_size = 20
train_steps = 10000
test_steps = 100
# run 10k: 73.75%
with tf.Session() as sess:
sess.run(init)
for i in range(train_steps):
batch_data, batch_labels = train_data.next_batch(batch_size)
loss_val, acc_val, _ = sess.run(
[loss, accuracy, train_op],
feed_dict={
x: batch_data,
y: batch_labels})
if (i+1) % 500 == 0:
print('[Train] Step: %d, loss: %4.5f, acc: %4.5f'
% (i+1, loss_val, acc_val))
if (i+1) % 5000 == 0:
test_data = CifarData(test_filenames, False)
all_test_acc_val = []
for j in range(test_steps):
test_batch_data, test_batch_labels \
= test_data.next_batch(batch_size)
test_acc_val = sess.run(
[accuracy],
feed_dict = {
x: test_batch_data,
y: test_batch_labels
})
all_test_acc_val.append(test_acc_val)
test_acc = np.mean(all_test_acc_val)
print('[Test ] Step: %d, acc: %4.5f' % (i+1, test_acc))