最近看threejs相关的知识点,发现一个 比较有趣的曲线-Gosper curve,如图所示:
是由无数个基本图像组成
类似的曲线还有很多,比如龙曲线(Dragon curve)、Koch曲线(Koch curve)、摩尔定律曲线(Moore curve)、谢尔宾斯基曲线(Sierpiński curve)、奥斯古德曲线(Osgood curve)等等,这些曲线的共有特性为降维,以Gosper为例,当曲线足够长时,它可以充满一个二维的矩形,此时通过曲线的长度就可以表示二维矩形的某一点,同理可以上升为三维。这些曲线的实际应用之一就是作为地图的索引,详情请点击点击打开链接。
废话这么多,来看此曲线的定义和伪代码,粘贴自wiki点击打开链接:
The Gosper curve can be represented using an L-System with rules as follows:
Angle: 60°
Axiom: {\displaystyle A} A
Replacement rules:
{\displaystyle A\mapsto A-B--B+A++AA+B-} A\mapsto A-B--B+A++AA+B-
{\displaystyle B\mapsto +A-BB--B-A++A+B} B\mapsto +A-BB--B-A++A+B
In this case both A and B mean to move forward, + means to turn left 60 degrees and - means to turn right 60 degrees - using a "turtle"-style program such as Logo.
上面代码中+代表加60,-代表减60,两个--代表减120。
to rg :st :ln make "st :st - 1 make "ln :ln / sqrt 7 if :st > 0 [rg :st :ln rt 60 gl :st :ln rt 120 gl :st :ln lt 60 rg :st :ln lt 120 rg :st :ln rg :st :ln lt 60 gl :st :ln rt 60] if :st = 0 [fd :ln rt 60 fd :ln rt 120 fd :ln lt 60 fd :ln lt 120 fd :ln fd :ln lt 60 fd :ln rt 60] end to gl :st :ln make "st :st - 1 make "ln :ln / sqrt 7 if :st > 0 [lt 60 rg :st :ln rt 60 gl :st :ln gl :st :ln rt 120 gl :st :ln rt 60 rg :st :ln lt 120 rg :st :ln lt 60 gl :st :ln] if :st = 0 [lt 60 fd :ln rt 60 fd :ln fd :ln rt 120 fd :ln rt 60 fd :ln lt 120 fd :ln lt 60 fd :ln] end
js代码如下:(代码参照Three.js开发指南)
function gosper(a, b) {
var turtle = [0, 0, 0];
var points = [];
//var count = 0;
rg(a, b, turtle);
return points;
function rt(x) {
turtle[2] += x;
}
function lt(x) {
turtle[2] -= x;
}
function fd(dist) {
points.push({x: turtle[0], y: turtle[1], z: Math.sin(count) * 5});
//var dir = turtle[2] * (Math.PI / 180);
//turtle[0] += Math.cos(dir) * dist;
//turtle[1] += Math.sin(dir) * dist;
//points.push({x: turtle[0], y: turtle[1], z: Math.sin(count) * 5});
}
function rg(st, ln, turtle) {
st--;
ln = ln / 2.6457;
if (st > 0) {
rg(st, ln, turtle);
rt(60);
gl(st, ln, turtle);
rt(120);
gl(st, ln, turtle);
lt(60);
rg(st, ln, turtle);
lt(120);
rg(st, ln, turtle);
rg(st, ln, turtle);
lt(60);
gl(st, ln, turtle);
rt(60);
}
if (st == 0) {
fd(ln);
rt(60);
fd(ln);
rt(120);
fd(ln);
lt(60);
fd(ln);
lt(120);
fd(ln);
fd(ln);
lt(60);
fd(ln);
rt(60)
}
}
function gl(st, ln, turtle) {
st--;
ln = ln / 2.6457;
if (st > 0) {
lt(60);
rg(st, ln, turtle);
rt(60);
gl(st, ln, turtle);
gl(st, ln, turtle);
rt(120);
gl(st, ln, turtle);
rt(60);
rg(st, ln, turtle);
lt(120);
rg(st, ln, turtle);
lt(60);
gl(st, ln, turtle);
}
if (st == 0) {
lt(60);
fd(ln);
rt(60);
fd(ln);
fd(ln);
rt(120);
fd(ln);
rt(60);
fd(ln);
lt(120);
fd(ln);
lt(60);
fd(ln);
}
}
}
其中fd方法就获得曲线的某一个点值