《第一行代码》3.5.2 定制ListView的界面

大致文件结构：

1.定制数据类型，定义一个实体类，新建Fruit.java

package com.example.listviewtest;

public class Fruit {
    private String name;        //水果名
    private int imageId;        //水果图片资源id

    public Fruit(String name, int imageId) {
        this.name = name;
        this.imageId = imageId;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public int getImageId() {
        return imageId;
    }
}

 指定一个自定义的布局，在layout目录下新建fruit_item.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/fruit_image"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/fruit_name"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="center"
        android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"/>
</LinearLayout>

自定义适配器。现在要自定义一个继承自ArrayAdapter的适配器来填充数据。新建FruitAdapter.java

package com.example.listviewtest;

import android.content.Context;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;

import java.util.List;

public class FruitAdapter extends ArrayAdapter<Fruit>{
    private int resourceId;

    public FruitAdapter(Context context, int textViewResourceId, List<Fruit> objects) {
        super(context, textViewResourceId, objects);
        //textViewResourceId为ListView子项布局的Id
        resourceId = textViewResourceId;
    }

    //getView()方法在每个子项被滚动屏幕内的时候被调用
    @Override
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
        Fruit fruit = getItem(position);    //获取当前项的Fruit实例
        //通过resourceId来加载我们自己定义的item的布局
        View view = LayoutInflater.from(getContext()).inflate(resourceId, null);
        ImageView fruitImage = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_image);
        TextView fruitName = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_name);
        fruitImage.setImageResource(fruit.getImageId());
        fruitName.setText(fruit.getName());
        return view;        //返回我们自己定义的布局

    }
}

修改MainActivity.java文件。

package com.example.listviewtest;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.ListView;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private List<Fruit> fruitList = new ArrayList<>();
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        //初始化水果数据
        initFruits();
        FruitAdapter adapter = new FruitAdapter(this, R.layout.fruit_item, fruitList);
        ListView listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.list_view);
        listView.setAdapter(adapter);
    }

    private void initFruits() {
        for(int i=1;i<=10;i++) {
            Fruit apple = new Fruit("Apple", R.mipmap.apple_pic);
            fruitList.add(apple);
            Fruit orange = new Fruit("Orange", R.mipmap.orange_pic);
            fruitList.add(orange);
            Fruit pear = new Fruit("Pear", R.mipmap.pear_pic);
            fruitList.add(pear);
            Fruit cherry = new Fruit("Cherry", R.mipmap.cherry_pic);
            fruitList.add(cherry);
        }

    }
}

activity_main.xml

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    >
    <ListView
        android:id="@+id/list_view"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        />
</LinearLayout>

最后效果：