shader 生成noise

之前的白噪声确实不太行，因为我们现实生活中并不是那样的完全嗡嗡。

我们接下来就是要生成这样的纹理。

一维noize

接下来看不同方式生成的一维noize

float i = floor(x);  // 整数（i 代表 integer）
float f = fract(x);  // 小数（f 代表 fraction）
y = rand(i); //rand() 在之前的章节提过
y = mix(rand(i), rand(i + 1.0), f);
y = mix(rand(i), rand(i + 1.0), smoothstep(0.,1.,f));

y = mix(rand(i), rand(i + 1.0), f);使用的是线性插值

y = mix(rand(i), rand(i + 1.0), smoothstep(0.,1.,f));顶点的变化如何变得顺滑了起来

二维Noise

在 2D 中，除了在一条线的两点（fract(x) 和 fract(x)+1.0）中插值，我们将在一个平面上的方形的四角（fract(st)， fract(st)+vec2(1.,0.)， fract(st)+vec2(0.,1.) 和 fract(st)+vec2(1.,1.)）中插值。

uniform vec2 u_resolution;
uniform vec2 u_mouse;
uniform float u_time;

// 2D Random
float random (in vec2 st) {
    return fract(sin(dot(st.xy,
                         vec2(12.9898,78.233)))
                 * 43758.5453123);
}

// 2D Noise based on Morgan McGuire @morgan3d
// https://www.shadertoy.com/view/4dS3Wd
float noise (in vec2 st) {
    vec2 i = floor(st);
    vec2 f = fract(st);

    // Four corners in 2D of a tile
    float a = random(i);
    float b = random(i + vec2(1.0, 0.0));
    float c = random(i + vec2(0.0, 1.0));
    float d = random(i + vec2(1.0, 1.0));

    // Smooth Interpolation

    // Cubic Hermine Curve.  Same as SmoothStep()
    vec2 u = f*f*(3.0-2.0*f);
    // u = smoothstep(0.,1.,f);

    // Mix 4 coorners percentages
    return mix(a, b, u.x) +
            (c - a)* u.y * (1.0 - u.x) +
            (d - b) * u.x * u.y;
}

void main() {
    vec2 st = gl_FragCoord.xy/u_resolution.xy;

    // Scale the coordinate system to see
    // some noise in action
    vec2 pos = vec2(st*20.864);

    // Use the noise function
    float n = noise(pos);

    gl_FragColor = vec4(vec3(n), 1.0);
}

更多的noise

为了消除块状，我们使用gradients，而不是固定值

uniform vec2 u_resolution;
uniform vec2 u_mouse;
uniform float u_time;

vec2 random2(vec2 st){
    st = vec2( dot(st,vec2(127.1,311.7)),
              dot(st,vec2(269.5,183.3)) );
    return -1.0 + 2.0*fract(sin(st)*43758.5453123);
}

// Value Noise by Inigo Quilez - iq/2013
// https://www.shadertoy.com/view/lsf3WH
float noise(vec2 st) {
    vec2 i = floor(st);
    vec2 f = fract(st);

    vec2 u = f*f*(3.0-2.0*f);

    return mix( mix( dot( random2(i + vec2(0.0,0.0) ), f - vec2(0.0,0.0) ),
                     dot( random2(i + vec2(1.0,0.0) ), f - vec2(1.0,0.0) ), u.x),
                mix( dot( random2(i + vec2(0.0,1.0) ), f - vec2(0.0,1.0) ),
                     dot( random2(i + vec2(1.0,1.0) ), f - vec2(1.0,1.0) ), u.x), u.y);
}

void main() {
    vec2 st = gl_FragCoord.xy/u_resolution.xy;
    st.x *= u_resolution.x/u_resolution.y;
    vec3 color = vec3(0.000,0.000,0.000);

    vec2 pos = vec2(st*10.0);

    color = vec3( noise(pos)*.5+.5 );

    gl_FragColor = vec4(color,1.0);
}

流形

uniform vec2 u_resolution;
uniform vec2 u_mouse;
uniform float u_time;

vec2 random2(vec2 st){
    st = vec2( dot(st,vec2(127.1,311.7)),
              dot(st,vec2(269.5,183.3)) );
    return -1.0 + 2.0*fract(sin(st)*43758.5453123);
}

// Value Noise by Inigo Quilez - iq/2013
// https://www.shadertoy.com/view/lsf3WH
float noise(vec2 st) {
    vec2 i = floor(st);
    vec2 f = fract(st);

    vec2 u = f*f*(3.0-2.0*f);

    return mix( mix( dot( random2(i + vec2(0.0,0.0) ), f - vec2(0.0,0.0) ),
                     dot( random2(i + vec2(1.0,0.0) ), f - vec2(1.0,0.0) ), u.x),
                mix( dot( random2(i + vec2(0.0,1.0) ), f - vec2(0.0,1.0) ),
                     dot( random2(i + vec2(1.0,1.0) ), f - vec2(1.0,1.0) ), u.x), u.y);
}

void main() {
    vec2 st = gl_FragCoord.xy/u_resolution.xy;
    st.x *= u_resolution.x/u_resolution.y;
    vec3 color = vec3(0.0);

    float t = 1.0;
    // Uncomment to animate
    // t = abs(1.0-sin(u_time*.1))*5.;
    // Comment and uncomment the following lines:
    st += noise(st*2.)*t; // Animate the coordinate space
    color = vec3(1.) * smoothstep(.18,.2,noise(st)); // Big black drops
    color += smoothstep(.15,.2,noise(st*10.)); // Black splatter
    color -= smoothstep(.35,.4,noise(st*10.)); // Holes on splatter

    gl_FragColor = vec4(1.-color,1.0);
}

多边形

uniform vec2 u_resolution;
uniform vec2 u_mouse;
uniform float u_time;

vec2 random2(vec2 st){
    st = vec2( dot(st,vec2(127.1,311.7)),
              dot(st,vec2(269.5,183.3)) );
    return -1.0 + 2.0*fract(sin(st)*43758.5453123);
}


float noise(vec2 st) {
    vec2 i = floor(st);
    vec2 f = fract(st);

    vec2 u = f*f*(3.0-2.0*f);

    return mix( mix( dot( random2(i + vec2(0.0,0.0) ), f - vec2(0.0,0.0) ),
                     dot( random2(i + vec2(1.0,0.0) ), f - vec2(1.0,0.0) ), u.x),
                mix( dot( random2(i + vec2(0.0,1.0) ), f - vec2(0.0,1.0) ),
                     dot( random2(i + vec2(1.0,1.0) ), f - vec2(1.0,1.0) ), u.x), u.y);
}


mat2 rotate2d(float _angle){
    return mat2(cos(_angle),-sin(_angle),
                sin(_angle),cos(_angle));
}

float shape(vec2 st, float radius) {
	st = vec2(0.5)-st;
    float r = length(st)*2.0;
    float a = atan(st.y,st.x);
    float m = abs(mod(a+u_time*2.,3.14*2.)-3.14)/3.6;
    float f = radius;
    m += noise(st+u_time*0.1)*.5;
    // a *= 1.+abs(atan(u_time*0.2))*.1;
    // a *= 1.+noise(st+u_time*0.1)*0.1;
    f += sin(a*50.)*noise(st+u_time*.2)*.1;
    f += (sin(a*20.)*.1*pow(m,2.));
    return 1.-smoothstep(f,f+0.007,r);
}

float shapeBorder(vec2 st, float radius, float width) {
    return shape(st,radius)-shape(st,radius-width);
}

void main() {
	vec2 st = gl_FragCoord.xy/u_resolution.xy;
	vec3 color = vec3(1.0) * shapeBorder(st,0.8,0.02);

	gl_FragColor = vec4( 1.-color, 1.0 );
}