设计模式之组合模式（Composite）

设计模式之组合模式（Composite）

场景

树结构，文件系统

具体请看https://www.cnblogs.com/chenssy/p/3299719.html

每个句子都由单词组成，而单词又由字符组成。这些对象中的每一个都是可打印的，它们可以在它们之前或之后打印一些东西，例如句子总是以句号结束，而字总是在它之前有空格

组合中的对象声明接口

public abstract class LetterComposite {
    private List<LetterComposite> children = new ArrayList<>();

    public void add(LetterComposite letterComposite){
        children.add(letterComposite);
    }

    public int count(){
        return children.size();
    }

    protected void printThisBrfor(){}

    protected void printThisAfter(){}

    public void print(){
        printThisBrfor();
        for (LetterComposite l:children ) {
            l.print();
        }
        printThisAfter();
    }

}

字母

public class Letter extends LetterComposite{

    private char c;

    public Letter(char c) {
        this.c = c;
    }

    @Override
    protected void printThisBrfor() {
        System.out.print(c);
    }
}

单词

public class Word extends LetterComposite {

    public Word(List<Letter> letters){
        for (Letter letter : letters){
            this.add(letter);
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void printThisBrfor() {
        System.out.print(' ');
    }
}

句子

public class Sentence extends LetterComposite {

    public Sentence(List<Word> words) {
        for (Word word : words) {
            this.add(word);
        }
    }


    @Override
    protected void printThisAfter() {
        System.out.print('.');
    }
}

测试

public class APP {

    static LetterComposite messageFromOrcs() {

        List<Word> words = new ArrayList<>();

        words.add(new Word(Arrays.asList(new Letter('W'), new Letter('h'), new Letter('e'), new Letter(
                'r'), new Letter('e'))));
        words.add(new Word(Arrays.asList(new Letter('t'), new Letter('h'), new Letter('e'), new Letter(
                'r'), new Letter('e'))));
        words.add(new Word(Arrays.asList(new Letter('i'), new Letter('s'))));
        words.add(new Word(Arrays.asList(new Letter('a'))));
        words.add(new Word(Arrays.asList(new Letter('w'), new Letter('h'), new Letter('i'), new Letter(
                'p'))));
        words.add(new Word(Arrays.asList(new Letter('t'), new Letter('h'), new Letter('e'), new Letter(
                'r'), new Letter('e'))));
        words.add(new Word(Arrays.asList(new Letter('i'), new Letter('s'))));
        words.add(new Word(Arrays.asList(new Letter('a'))));
        words.add(new Word(Arrays.asList(new Letter('w'), new Letter('a'), new Letter('y'))));

        return new Sentence(words);

    }

    static LetterComposite messageFromElves() {

        List<Word> words = new ArrayList<>();

        words.add(new Word(Arrays.asList(new Letter('M'), new Letter('u'), new Letter('c'), new Letter(
                'h'))));
        words.add(new Word(Arrays.asList(new Letter('w'), new Letter('i'), new Letter('n'), new Letter(
                'd'))));
        words.add(new Word(Arrays.asList(new Letter('p'), new Letter('o'), new Letter('u'), new Letter(
                'r'), new Letter('s'))));
        words.add(new Word(Arrays.asList(new Letter('f'), new Letter('r'), new Letter('o'), new Letter(
                'm'))));
        words.add(new Word(Arrays.asList(new Letter('y'), new Letter('o'), new Letter('u'), new Letter(
                'r'))));
        words.add(new Word(Arrays.asList(new Letter('m'), new Letter('o'), new Letter('u'), new Letter(
                't'), new Letter('h'))));

        return new Sentence(words);

    }
    @Test
    public void letterTest(){
        LetterComposite orcs = messageFromOrcs();

        LetterComposite elves = messageFromElves();

        orcs.print();
        elves.print();
    }
}

类图

适用性

使用复合图案时

• 您想要表示对象的部分整体层次结构
• 您希望客户能够忽略对象和单个对象的组合之间的差异。客户端将统一处理复合结构中的所有对象