【记录】在Mac上使用docker 创建自定义容器操作

、下载docker并安装

https://www.docker.com/get-started/

2、查看docker版本

(base) linql@localhost ~ % docker --version
Docker version 24.0.2, build cb74dfc

3、在docker上安装Ubuntu

（1）先检索Ubuntu版本

docker search ubuntu

(base) linql@localhost ~ % docker search ubuntu
NAME                             DESCRIPTION                                      STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
ubuntu                           Ubuntu is a Debian-based Linux operating sys…   16327     [OK]
websphere-liberty                WebSphere Liberty multi-architecture images …   296       [OK]
open-liberty                     Open Liberty multi-architecture images based…   61        [OK]
neurodebian                      NeuroDebian provides neuroscience research s…   103       [OK]
ubuntu-debootstrap               DEPRECATED; use "ubuntu" instead                 52        [OK]
ubuntu-upstart                   DEPRECATED, as is Upstart (find other proces…   115       [OK]
ubuntu/nginx                     Nginx, a high-performance reverse proxy & we…   98
ubuntu/squid                     Squid is a caching proxy for the Web. Long-t…   65
ubuntu/cortex                    Cortex provides storage for Prometheus. Long…   4
ubuntu/apache2                   Apache, a secure & extensible open-source HT…   60
ubuntu/kafka                     Apache Kafka, a distributed event streaming …   32
ubuntu/mysql                     MySQL open source fast, stable, multi-thread…   52
ubuntu/bind9                     BIND 9 is a very flexible, full-featured DNS…   59
ubuntu/prometheus                Prometheus is a systems and service monitori…   49
ubuntu/zookeeper                 ZooKeeper maintains configuration informatio…   9
ubuntu/postgres                  PostgreSQL is an open source object-relation…   31
ubuntu/redis                     Redis, an open source key-value store. Long-…   19
ubuntu/grafana                   Grafana, a feature rich metrics dashboard & …   9
ubuntu/memcached                 Memcached, in-memory keyvalue store for smal…   5
ubuntu/dotnet-deps               Chiselled Ubuntu for self-contained .NET & A…   9
ubuntu/dotnet-aspnet             Chiselled Ubuntu runtime image for ASP.NET a…   11
ubuntu/prometheus-alertmanager   Alertmanager handles client alerts from Prom…   9
ubuntu/dotnet-runtime            Chiselled Ubuntu runtime image for .NET apps…   10
ubuntu/cassandra                 Cassandra, an open source NoSQL distributed …   2
ubuntu/telegraf                  Telegraf collects, processes, aggregates & w…   4

（2）安装最新版的ubuntu

docker pull ubuntu

（3）安装指定版本的ubuntu

docker pull ubuntu:18.04

（4）查看已经安装的镜像

docker images

(base) linql@localhost ~ % docker images
REPOSITORY                                 TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
linql/web01                                1.0       8a5063fd0e4d   3 hours ago    495MB
ubuntu                                     18.04     f9a80a55f492   3 months ago   63.2MB
ambassador/telepresence-docker-extension   1.0.8     bb2143440bbd   3 months ago   528MB
ambassador/telepresence-docker-runtime     1.0.8     a1a178ca4417   3 months ago   21.3MB
python                                     latest    0a6cd0db41a4   3 months ago   920MB

4、在桌面上创建一个文件夹

并，创建两个文件：

（1）Dockerfile

（2）app.py

创建方式：

<1>在docker_Demo文件下，使用“Go2Shell”打开

 

<2>创建Dockerfile文件，输入：

vim Dockerfile

然后输入对应内容：

# Base images基础镜像
FROM ubuntu:18.04

#MAINTAINER 维护者信息
MAINTAINER 3*****0@qq.com

#RUN 执行以下命令
RUN apt update
RUN apt install python3 python3-pip -y
USER root
RUN python3 -m pip install --no-cache-dir flask
RUN mkdir -p /data/www

#COPY 拷贝文件至工作目录
COPY app.py /data/www/app.py

#工作目录
WORKDIR /data/www/

#容器启动时执行命令
CMD ["python3","app.py"]

 点：esc，输入:[:wq]，即可退出并保存。

<3>创建app.py文件，输入：

vim app.py

然后输入对应内容：

from flask import Flask

app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route("/index")
def index():
	return "欢迎光临"

if __name__ =="__main__":
	app.run(host="0.0.0.0",port=8000)

 点：esc，输入:[:wq]，即可退出并保存。

5、基于镜像创建容器

docker build -t linql/web01:1.0 . -f Dockerfile

linql/web01:1.0，文件路径，1.0是版本号

【.】，表示同级目录

6、运行

docker run -d -p 80:8000 linql/web01:1.0

 7、结果展示

docker 其他指令

（1）docker ps

（2）docker ps -a 

（3）docker rm 容器ID